Professional development quiz 1 & 2

What is the Nurse Practice Act?

In each state, statutory law directs entry into nursing practice, defines the scope of practice, and establishes disciplinary procedures. State boards of nursing oversee this statutory law.

Who can we share client info with?

Members of the health care team

What does a certification in managed care focus on?

Patient-centered care

Who can revoke a nurse's license?

The board of nursing

What do you need to renew your license?

(proof of) continued education

Steps to take when searching for a new career

-Assessing your personal strengths and weaknesses -Exploring options -Narrowing your focus -Attending healthcare job fairs

The experienced nurse who assists a novice to learn the skills of the profession is called a(n) ________________.

mentor The nurse who guides a novice in the skills of the profession is called a mentor.

An LPN/LVN took the responsibility of working with the equipment company representative to learn about some new equipment coming to the facility. The LPN/LVN then developed and presented in-service teaching to the rest of the staff. This LPN/LVN is managing under management theory _____.

Y The management Y theory states that a person who knows what is expected can become self-directed to finish the task.

contract

a binding agreement between two or more persons that is enforceable by law

What are some reasons a nurse's license can be revoked?

a felony malpractice tort

A licensed practical nurse (LPN) has experienced conflict with another nurse over a problem on the nursing unit. The LPN realizes that she was wrong and that the other nurse has the better solution to the unit's problem. What is the best mode of conflict resolution to use in this case? a. Accommodation b. Collaboration c. Compromise d. Avoidance

a. Accommodation Accommodation should be used when the LPN is wrong, the other person has the better idea, the issue is ultimately more important to the other party than it is to the LPN, or the LPN is outnumbered or outranked. Collaboration should be used when a need to build understanding exists to find creative solutions that accommodate higher common goals and to address difficult issues that can affect productivity. Compromise should be used when time pressures require a quick solution, when each party is firmly committed to different views, or when compromise can produce acceptable outcomes. Avoidance should be used when dealing with trivial issues or when more important issues are waiting, when delaying a decision is preferable until parties are calmer and more information is obtained, when one party's demands cannot possibly be met, and when others could resolve the issue more readily.

Which factors may affect a patient's decision to participate in his or her care? Select all that apply. a. Age b. Gender c. Religion d. Ethnicity e. Personality f. Educational level

a. Age d. Ethnicity e. Personality f. Educational level Age, ethnicity, personality, and educational level may affect a patient's decision to participate in care. Gender and religion are not listed factors in the patient's decision to participate in care.

A nurse is discussing the discharge plan with a recovering patient. What is the most effective communication technique for this nurse to implement? a. Assess nonverbal clues. b. Allow communication to focus on whatever topic the patient desires. c. Insist on postrecovery activities as stated in the care plan. d. Reduce eye contact to convey nondirective attitudes.

a. Assess nonverbal clues. The assessment of the nonverbal clues will allow the nurse to determine whether the care plan is being perceived as satisfactory and will indicate the level of compliance that can be expected. Allowing the patient to control the interview does not meet nursing care needs. Lack of eye contact and forcing the components of the discharge plan on a patient are both counterproductive.

Which action by the team leader is essential when making a patient assignment? a. Assign patients to nurses based on their competency level. b. Provide the nurse with written directions regarding patient care needs. c. Give nurses the liberty of choosing how many patients they will be assigned. d. Estimate the difficulty of the task and the exact time needed to complete care.

a. Assign patients to nurses based on their competency level. Assignments should be made carefully so that the skills of personnel match patient needs. Nurses are not given the choice of how many patients they will be assigned because this depends on patient needs, available staff, job description, scope of practice for licensed nurses, and scope of functions for nursing assistants. The charge nurse does not provide written instructions to all nurses regarding patient care needs. The needs of the patient are documented in the chart and the nursing care plans. Finally, the charge nurse should estimate the difficulty of the task, but no one is capable of determining the exact amount of time needed to complete the care.

The process of management for the nurse leader consists of the application of steps similar to those of the nursing process. Which scenario contains all the steps of the management process? a. At the end of the shift report, the team leader tells the staff that charting will be reviewed, medication Kardex checked, and patient rounds made an hour early today to obtain a more detailed patient profile of care provided during that shift. b. The team leader has been unavoidably late, has missed most of the shift report, and grabs the staffing roster to make out patient assignments. The assignments are scheduled by alphabetical order by the geographic areas of the unit. No incidents appear to have occurred on the unit during the shift. c. The nurse is perpetually late for duty and frequently leaves before the end of the shift report, asking others to help in completing the patient assignment. The team leader ignores this as long as patient care is completed. d. The staff member is noted to leave some patients in strange positions on several occasions. On rounds, the team leader notices this and correctly repositions the patients. The team leader thinks that the staff could probably use some in-service training on proper positioning; however, she decides that no time is available to schedule this training.

a. At the end of the shift report, the team leader tells the staff that charting will be reviewed, medication Kardex checked, and patient rounds made an hour early today to obtain a more detailed patient profile of care provided during that shift. Planning, organizing, and directing must be done for the provision of effective nursing care to meet standards. Evaluation or controlling is the process that checks delivered care for effectiveness.

What type of leadership is opposite of laissez-faire leadership? a. Authoritarian b. Bureaucratic c. Democratic d. Participative

a. Authoritarian Laissez-faire leadership is a hands-off style; authoritarian leadership is a very directive and controlling style.

A newly admitted 35-year-old patient rings the call bell. By the time the nurse arrives, he is found unconscious and barely breathing. The charge nurse calls for a code blue and directs the staff on what to do without discussion. One staff member calls the physician, and some go to other rooms to comfort patients. What type of leadership style is exemplified? a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-faire d. Participative

a. Autocratic During an emergency such as a code blue, the person in charge correctly assumes an autocratic leadership role because no time is available for a discussion of choices in activities.

A nurse tells the other staff members that she works only for the money and simply wants to do the job and go home. With which leadership style would this nurse most likely be comfortable? a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-faire d. Participative

a. Autocratic Individuals who simply want to do their job seek a directive style of leadership because it reduces their responsibilities.

What should a team leader be able to do to establish an effective team? (Select all that apply.) a. Establish a clear purpose and clarify its significance. b. Be firm to maintain focus on one idea, not sidetracked by the ideas of others. c. Listen to all input in an active manner. d. Demonstrate concern for stress of the team members. e. Be honest concerning own opinions and attitudes.

a. Establish a clear purpose and clarify its significance. c. Listen to all input in an active manner. d. Demonstrate concern for stress of the team members. e. Be honest concerning own opinions and attitudes. Besides establishing a clear purpose, listening, and being concerned and honest, the team leader should be flexible and consider the ideas of others.

A newly admitted 80-year-old patient with hemiplegia is fully alert. Which is the most appropriate greeting by the nurse? a. Good morning, Mrs. Brown. My name is Ann, and I am your nurse today. b. I am your nurse. Today is bath day. You will get yours right after breakfast. c. Hello there, sweetie. We need to get to work on getting your breakfast so we can get your shower. d. My name is Ann. You are my patient today.

a. Good morning, Mrs. Brown. My name is Ann, and I am your nurse today. Older persons who are new to a unit need to be addressed by name. Introductions of caregivers should be made without familiarity.

A young woman comes to the public health clinic for an antibiotic to treat a sexually transmitted infection (STI). She is accompanied by her live-in boyfriend. What is the most therapeutic remark by the nurse? a. Her infection is very contagious. Would you like me to give you the name of a place where you can be screened for the infection and be given the means for a cure? b. You probably have the same sexual infection. You need to see about it before you give it back to her or somebody else. c. You may have the same infection. Have you been with any other women lately? The health department needs to make a list. d. This is the third time that your friend has been in here with the same infection! Why dont you get some shots yourself?

a. Her infection is very contagious. Would you like me to give you the name of a place where you can be screened for the infection and be given the means for a cure? Therapeutic communication carefully chooses descriptive words that are nonjudgmental and fitting to the sociocultural background of the patient.

Which questions should the nurse consider before delegating care to another team member? (Select all that apply.) a. Is this the right task? b. Is this the right time? c. Is this the right person? d. Is this the right supervision? e. Is this the right circumstance?

a. Is this the right task? c. Is this the right person? d. Is this the right supervision? e. Is this the right circumstance? The five rights of delegation are right task, right circumstance, right person, right direction, and right supervision. Right time is not included in the five rights of delegation.

A nurse is diligent in keeping a patient informed about treatments, medication, and laboratory tests. What should the provision of this information accomplish for the patient? (Select all that apply.) a. Less anxiety b. More participation in care c. Less likelihood of complaints d. More compliance with treatment goals e. More satisfaction with treatment outcomes

a. Less anxiety b. More participation in care d. More compliance with treatment goals e. More satisfaction with treatment outcomes An informed patient will experience less anxiety and satisfaction with outcomes in which he or she has had a part. However, such participation and information does not ensure fewer complaints.

Which activities promote effective communication? Select all that apply. a. Listening b. Observing c. Establishing trust d. Assertive communication e. Aggressive communication f. Ignoring the patient's culture

a. Listening b. Observing c. Establishing trust d. Assertive communication Two parts of effective communication are listening and observation. Effective communication requires having a trusting relationship. Assertive communication allows an individual to express help without hurting another person. Aggressive communication violates the rights of another person. Ignoring the patient's cultural background could be a barrier to communication.

What characteristic is necessary in both leaders and managers? a. Motivational skills b. Sympathy skills c. Authoritarian style d. Participative style

a. Motivational skills Although leaders and managers use different styles and responsibilities, they both must have motivational skills.

Which of the following should be included when writing a resume? (Select all that apply.) a. Name, complete address, telephone number b. Clear labels for each section c. Work experience after education d. Previous employment from earliest jobs to most recent jobs e. A font that is easy to read

a. Name, complete address, telephone number b. Clear labels for each section e. A font that is easy to read Guidelines for writing a winning resume include the person's name, complete address, and telephone number; labeling each section clearly, and using a font that is easy to read. You should cover your work experience before your education experience. List jobs you have held in reverse chronologic order, beginning with the most recent.

Which statement is correct concerning language and use of interpreters in the health care system? a. Not using an interpreter can lead to errors. b. Family members can serve as interpreters in federally funded programs. c. Family members and nonmedical personnel will correctly relay all information. d. Nurses can assume that English is the primary language because the patient lives in the United States.

a. Not using an interpreter can lead to errors. Failure to use an interpreter has been identified as a factor in errors that are made in health care. A federally funded program is required to provide interpreters. Unless the patient reports speaking English very well, an interpreter should be offered. Family and nonmedical personnel may help with everyday conversation but may not relay medical information correctly. Not all individuals who live in the United States use English as the primary language.

The new graduate has passed state boards and is going to work in a hospital. If the graduate has questions regarding his or her scope of practice, what licensing law governs the scope of practice? a. Nurse practice act b. NCLEX-PN c. State board of nursing d. Reciprocity

a. Nurse practice act The nurse practice act is the licensing law that delineates the legal scope of practice in each state. NCLEX-PN is the national licensure examination. The state board of nursing's purpose is to protect the public by administering the nurse practice act. Reciprocity is another name for licensure from one state to another.

The nurse is working with an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to care for a patient with hepatic cirrhosis caused by chronic alcoholism. The UAP says to the nurse, "I don't know why we bother to care for this patient. He did this to himself." The nurse should base the response on which concept? a. Patients should not be judged by the staff. b. It is not the nurse's job to correct the UAP. c. All staff members are entitled to their own opinion. d. The UAP's actions are more important than her words.

a. Patients should not be judged by the staff. A nonjudgmental attitude of caring is essential to the practice of nursing. Although staff are entitled to their opinion, it is the nurse's responsibility to advocate for the patient; this requires correcting the UAP. Other co-workers, patients, and families may hear the UAP being disrespectful toward the patient.

What does the pamphlet Patient Care Partnership clarify that patients will have? (Select all that apply.) a. Provision of respectful care b. Protection of privacy c. Access to medical records d. Reasonable fees for service e. Information concerning current condition

a. Provision of respectful care b. Protection of privacy c. Access to medical records e. Information concerning current condition The pamphlet provides for all the options except reasonable fees.

What aspects should be included in a plan of care in modern holistic nursing? (Select all that apply.) a. Psychologic b. Financial c. Physiologic d. Spiritual e. Sociologic

a. Psychologic c. Physiologic d. Spiritual e. Sociologic Holism embraces the physiologic, psychologic, sociologic, and spiritual aspects of care. Financial concerns are included in the sociologic aspect.

An LPN/LVN in charge of two units on the evening shift notices that two of the nursing assistants (NAs) are constantly bickering. This appears to be interfering with patient care time. Both units are extremely busy with care needs. Which solution best reflects the process of accommodation? a. Their issues are trivial and do not affect patient care actions. No time is presently available for extended discussions. Send one of the NAs to another area and allow time for both to defuse. Good patient care in an expedient manner is the priority at this time. b. Call the supervisor to send the arguing dissenters home. c. Call the dissenters into the office. Listen to their concerns and make a decision about the resolution of their trivial matters. d. Allow the NAs to leave the building and settle their differences before they come back. Make no notation of their absence on their timesheets or in the report.

a. Their issues are trivial and do not affect patient care actions. No time is presently available for extended discussions. Send one of the NAs to another area and allow time for both to defuse. Good patient care in an expedient manner is the priority at this time. Patient care is the main priority. The leader cannot lose two caregivers but may separate them so they can provide needed patient care, accommodating both NAs by separating them.

A nurse communicates in an open, honest, and nonjudgmental manner. How should this approach be characterized? a. Therapeutic communication b. Democratic communication c. I statements d. Autocratic communication

a. Therapeutic communication Therapeutic communication implies an open and honest verbal and nonverbal style of communication.

A patient at an extended care facility is confused and is not oriented to place and time. Vital signs are within normal limits, except the temperature is 100.8° F. The patient's urine smells foul, and it is cloudy and dark in color. Which initial tests would the nurse anticipate the primary care provider will order for this patient? Select all that apply. a. Urinalysis b. Strain all urine c. Urine culture and sensitivity d. Abdominal and renal ultrasound e. Flat plate of kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB)

a. Urinalysis c. Urine culture and sensitivity Changes in level of consciousness or orientation are potential early signs of a urinary tract infection, particularly in older adults. A urinalysis and a urine culture and sensitivity test will indicate if this is the diagnosis. If kidney stones are suspected, it is appropriate to strain all urine. However, none of the patient's symptoms correlate with kidney stones. Abdominal and renal ultrasounds are used to detect cysts, tumors, urinary calculi, and urinary tract malformations or obstructions. A flat plate of kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) provides radiographic views of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder, but it is not indicated at this time.

Which technique should most appropriately be used by the LPN to communicate therapeutically? a. Use "I" statements to talk with the patient. b. Focus only on the patient's verbal statements. c. Focus on trivial issues with the patient. d. Use closed-ended questions.

a. Use "I" statements to talk with the patient. Use sentences that begin with "I" to indicate an acceptance of responsibility for one's feelings and thoughts. Observe the patient's gestures and nonverbal behavior. All behavior has meaning. Try to understand the meaning in the patient's behavior. Focus the patient on pertinent issues. Use open-ended questions. Stay clear of questions that can be answered with a "yes" or a "no."

A patient with newly diagnosed cancer states, I cant stand to think about chemo. What is the most therapeutic response? a. What about chemo concerns you? b. Chemo is so much better than it used to be. c. Wow! I can sure understand that! d. Have you had chemo before?

a. What about chemo concerns you? The open-ended query invites further discussion about the patients concerns. The other options reinforce the patients concerns, give false reassurance, or offer a closed query.

A dying patient says, There is no God. There is no afterlife. When its over, its over. What is the most therapeutic response? a. You must feel very lonely. b. Of course there is a God, and He loves you very much. c. Why do you think there is no God? d. You are absolutely right. I think that, too.

a. You must feel very lonely. Verbalizing the implied helps the patient talk about present concerns. Other options either reinforce or cut off communication by imposing the nurses beliefs.

An LPN/LVN finds a young man tearfully staring out the window. He says, Ive been in this hospital 23 days out of the last 50. Ive lost a lot of pay. What response by the nurse should be used to encourage further communication? a. Youve lost a lot of work? b. Would you like me to arrange an appointment for you to speak with the social worker? c. How much pay have you lost? d. You are to be discharged at the end of the week, and you can return to work.

a. Youve lost a lot of work? The reflective response encourages the patient to continue. Arranging for a social worker, pointing out his return to work, and inquiry related to lost wages close communication without responding to the patients needs.

A manager is concerned that one of the nurses on the unit is experiencing burnout. Which symptoms would support the concerns? (Select all that apply.) a.Fatigue b.Forgetfulness c.Increased energy d.Negative outlook e.Changes in eating habits

a.Fatigue b.Forgetfulness d.Negative outlook e.Changes in eating habits Symptoms of burnout include fatigue, forgetfulness, decreased energy, negative outlook, and changes in eating habits.

A nursing instructor is preparing her class for the NCLEX-PN examination. Which statements by the students indicate understanding of the testing process? (Select all that apply.) a.It will be a computerized adaptive test. b.I will have a maximum of 265 questions. c.The maximum time allowed for testing is 5 hours. d.The minimum number of questions on the test is 60. e.My state board of nursing must approve my application to test.

a.It will be a computerized adaptive test. c.The maximum time allowed for testing is 5 hours. e.My state board of nursing must approve my application to test. The NCLEX-PN examination is a computerized adaptive test. The minimum number of questions for the PN examination is 85, and the maximum number of questions is 205. The maximum time allowed for the test is 5 hours. The state board of nursing must approve the applicant for testing before the authorization to test is issued.

Which organization specifically supports and meets the needs of the LVN/LPN? a.NAPNES b.NLN c.ANA d.NCLEX

a.NAPNES National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service (NAPNES) is the professional organization that is specifically for LVN/LPNs. The National League for Nursing (NLN) and the American Nurses Association (ANA) are not specific to the LPN. The National Council Licensure Exam (NCLEX) is the test that is taken for licensure.

What data are necessary to compile an effective end-of-shift report? (Select all that apply.) a.Patients mental status b.Status of lung sounds c.All pertinent nursing care d.The patients favorite TV shows e.Visitors the patient had during the shift

a.Patients mental status b.Status of lung sounds c.All pertinent nursing care The patients mental status, status of lung sounds, and pertinent nursing care performed during the shift should all be included in an end-of-shift report. The patients favorite TV shows and visitors that the patient had during the shift would not normally be included in the end-of-shift report.

What are considered duties of a team leader? (Select all that apply.) a.Receiving reports on assigned patients b.Making patient assignments for team members c.Assessing all assigned patients d.Administering medications to all patients e.Conferring with team members

a.Receiving reports on assigned patients b.Making patient assignments for team members c.Assessing all assigned patients e.Conferring with team members Receiving reports on assigned patients, making patient assignments, assessing all assigned patients, and conferring with team members are duties of the team leader. Assisting team members with medication administration is a duty of the team leader, not actually administering the medications to all the patients.

Which health care employment setting would provide the nurse a very good salary, the opportunity to refuse to take an assignment, and more flexibility in the personal schedule but with an uncertainty of work availability? a.Temporary agency b.Long-term care center c.Outpatient clinic d.Adult day care center

a.Temporary agency In a temporary agency, the salary is good, and an LPN/LVN has the right to refuse assignments. However, one disadvantage is the uncertainty of work availability.

Which statement by the nurse indicates a need for further teaching on the concepts of values and personal beliefs? a. "A belief is a conviction or opinion." b. "I don't like the way the teacher taught that concept." c. "Studying for tests helps students achieve better scores." d. "A value is a principle or standard that determines what is worthwhile."

b. "I don't like the way the teacher taught that concept." Stating an opinion on teaching methods is an attitude, not a concept of values and personal beliefs. A belief is an opinion. It is a belief that studying helps improve scores. A value does determine what is worthwhile.

The nurse is working with patients with Alzheimer disease at a long-term care facility. At lunchtime, the nurse enters the room of a patient, who has been in the facility for 10 years, to take him to the dining room in his wheelchair. How should the nurse address the patient? a. "Honey" to make him feel that he is cared for and loved. b. "Mr." because he is a patient and should be treated with respect. c. By his first name because he has been in the facility for 10 years and is like family to the nurse. d. "Honey," "Mr.," and by his first name are all acceptable ways to address the patient because he does not respond. SUBMIT

b. "Mr." because he is a patient and should be treated with respect. Unless the patient has expressly stated that he would prefer to be addressed by his first name only, the nurse should address him respectfully with the title "Mr." Regardless of length of stay or ability to respond, the nurse should not address the patient with his first name unless he has told the nurse to do so, and there is no evidence of this in the question. Terms of endearment such as honey, baby, sweetie, and others are never acceptable ways to address a patient; it is demeaning and disrespectful to address older adults as if they were children.

The recognition and use of the LPN/LVN began because of RN shortages and a reevaluation of LPN/LVNs as team leaders. What is the approximate year of this change in staffing? a. 1940s b. 1950s c. 1960s d. 1970s

b. 1950s Team nursing with LPN/LVN leadership was introduced in the 1950s as a result of a shortage of RNs and an abundance of auxiliary nursing personnel, whose skills and leadership potential were reevaluated.

A graduating LPN/LVN student is preparing to take the NCLEX-PN examination. The student knows that he or she will have a minimum and maximum number of questions on the examination. What is the minimum number of questions? a. 60 questions b. 85 questions c. 75 questions d. 90 questions

b. 85 questions The minimum number of questions for the NCLEX-PN is 85, with 60 being "real" and 25 being tryout questions.

Sometimes patients communicate by crying, moaning, or laughing. What should this behavior be considered? a. Verbal communication b. Nonverbal communication c. Acting out and seeking attention d. Seeking holistic support

b. Nonverbal communication Emotions are frequently expressed through nonverbal methods.

The role of the LPN/LVN as a team leader has been developed to broaden and improve patient care. Which statement best reflects this role implementation? a. As LPN/LVN team leaders, these nurses are totally and only personally responsible, under the terms of licensure, for personal care actions and the nursing actions of the others assigned on their units and shifts. b. As an LPN/LVN team leader, this nurse, under the supervision and guidance of an RN, is responsible for all aspects of patient care that is assigned to this team. c. As an LPN/LVN team leader, this nurse uses skills and judgments learned in school to guide and direct the team members in what the nurse believes is correct patient care. The LPN/LVN is accountable only to patients for the care provided. d. The team leader LPN/LVN decides on patient care assignments, takes care to promote accident prevention and safety, and is accountable only to self-professionalism for the nursing actions of the team.

b. As an LPN/LVN team leader, this nurse, under the supervision and guidance of an RN, is responsible for all aspects of patient care that is assigned to this team. The LPN/LVN practices under the supervision of an RN but is responsible for her or his own performance and of that of the teams.

An LPN charge nurse decides to delegate the insertion of a urinary catheter in a newly admitted client to a nursing assistant. What important aspect of the delegation process has been overlooked? a. The staff person must be empowered to carry out the activities. b. Delegation requires nursing judgment to be accomplished. c. The needs of the patient must be clearly identified. d. The staff member's understanding must be validated.

b. Delegation requires nursing judgment to be accomplished. The LPN charge nurse can delegate tasks, not nursing processes, to unlicensed personnel. The nursing practice functions of assessment, planning, evaluation, and nursing judgment cannot be delegated. The activity will require nursing judgment that cannot be provided by unlicensed personnel. Although identifying the needs of the patient is important, the paramount need of the nurse to implement an activity requires nursing judgment. Although the unlicensed personnel may have an understanding of the mechanics of the activity, a nursing assistant still lacks the nursing judgment needed to accomplish the catheterization.

A head nurse puts a blank copy of the shift duty schedule on the table in the break room. The staff is permitted to fill in the shifts that they want to work during the next cycle. What leadership style does this reflect? a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-faire d. Participative

b. Democratic Democratic leadership focuses on the individual abilities and problem-solving skills of group members to avoid power struggles. Decisions are made through group consensus.

Management in nursing uses different leadership styles. What style is a people-centered approach allowing employees more control and individual participation in the decision-making process? a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-faire d. Situational

b. Democratic Democratic style is a people-centered approach that allows employees more control and individual participation in the decision-making process. The autocratic leader retains all authority and responsibility and is concerned primarily with tasks and goal accomplishment. The laissez-faire leadership style is often referred to as the "free-run" style or permissive leadership. Situational leadership takes into account the style of the leader, the maturity of the group, and the situation at hand.

A registered nurse (RN) supervisor selects a new LPN charge nurse with a directive to make decisions while allowing input from the group. Based on this directive, what is the best type of leadership for the new LPN charge nurse to use? a. Authoritarian b. Democratic c. Laissez-faire d. Multicratic

b. Democratic The democratic leader allows for a moderate degree of freedom and control, allows decisions to be made by the group along with him or herself, and shares responsibility for actions that occur with the group. The laissez-faire leader permits decision making to occur within the group, rarely takes responsibility for actions that occur, and has little control over the day-to-day functioning of the employees. The authoritarian leader allows for little freedom, has a high degree of control, makes the decisions, and assumes responsibility for actions that occur. The multicratic leader permits little-to-moderate freedom, maintains a moderate-to-high degree of control, makes decisions with input from the group, and assumes primary responsibility for actions that occur.

An LPN hears another nurse tell the patient, "You must lose 20 pounds immediately." Which description most accurately describes the communication style of the other nurse? a. Offered a personal opinion about which the patient should not be concerned b. Directed the patient to do something that creates a power struggle c. Offered advice without first encouraging the patient to explore his or her feelings d. Made a remark that discouraged patient communication

b. Directed the patient to do something that creates a power struggle Commanding means that the nurse directs the patient to do something that creates a power struggle or resistance. False reassurance means that the nurse inappropriately offers a personal opinion about which the patient should not be concerned. Premature advice means that the nurse offers advice without first encouraging the patient to explore his or her feelings fully. The problem must be explored carefully and potential actions considered before the patient can make a good decision. Communication cut-off means that the nurse makes a remark that discourages patient communication.

What is a nurse trying to discern when assessing a patients affect? a. Problem b. Mood c. Orientation d. Needs

b. Mood A patients affect is the patients mood.

Which organization has membership limited to only LPN/LVN students and graduates? a. NLN b. NFLPN c. NAPNES d. ANA

b. NFLPN NFLPN is the National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses. It was founded in 1949 and its membership is limited to LPN students and graduates. NLN is the National League of Nursing that accredits schools of nursing. NAPNES is the National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Service. It was founded in 1941 to promote understanding of practical schools and continuing education for LPNs. ANA is the American Nurses Association.

A patient has just revealed to the nurse, "My doctor says I have emphysema." Which statement or action is an example of therapeutic communication? a. "With that kind of diagnosis, you must quit smoking today." b. Sitting quietly and expectantly when the patient is speaking. c. "Everything will be fine. Don't worry; your doctor is very competent." d. "Try to think positively. New medications are being developed for this."

b. Sitting quietly and expectantly when the patient is speaking. Silence is a therapeutic communication technique. Telling the patient to stop smoking is commanding the patient. Telling the patient everything will be fine is providing false reassurance. Encouraging the patient to think positively is a communication cutoff.

The nurse has just received a new physician's orders on a patient. Which type of order will the nurse transcribe first? a. PRN b. Stat. c. Routine d. One-time-only

b. Stat. A stat. order is one that needs to be followed immediately. PRN orders are carried out only when needed by the patient. Routine orders are schedule orders to be given throughout the day. One-time-only are orders that are carried out only once at a certain time.

An LPN is talking with a patient and chooses to review the subject matter that the patient has discussed. Which therapeutic communication technique is best in this case? a.Reflecting b. Summarizing c. Restating d. Clarifying

b. Summarizing Summarizing means that the nurse reviews the subject matter that the patient has discussed, which ensures common understanding between the nurse and patient. Reflecting means that the nurse "mirrors" back to the patient what the nurse has heard the patient say and allows the patient to confirm whether he or she was understood. Restating means that the nurse repeats information in his or her own words to ensure that the patient can confirm the nurse's interpretation. Clarifying means that the nurse seeks additional information to achieve a better understanding of the patient's meaning.

Quality assurance, continuous quality improvement, and total quality management are terms that are used interchangeably. Which organization sets standards for medical and nursing care? Select all that apply. a. The World Health Organization b. The American Nurses Association c. The American Medical Association d. The Joint Commission

b. The American Nurses Association c. The American Medical Association d. The Joint Commission The American Nurses Association, the American Medical Association, and The Joint Commission are organizations that set standards for nursing practice and medical practice. The World Health Organization is concerned with international public health.

A nurse is assigned to a patient who has been a very close family friend for many years. What statement would be most appropriate for the nurse to maintain a therapeutic relationship under these circumstances? a. Dont worry about a thing. I will see that extra care is given to you on the other shifts, because you are my friend. b. You may feel uncomfortable about my caring for you. Although everything that happens here is considered to be confidential, would you prefer another caregiver? c. This is a very busy unit, but I will make sure that you get lots of attention, and I will come back after my shift to help you. d. Im so sorry that you are hospitalized, but I will tell all my friends to take special care of you for me.

b. You may feel uncomfortable about my caring for you. Although everything that happens here is considered to be confidential, would you prefer another caregiver? Even friends as patients should retain decision-making options about their care.

Why is it important for new graduates to purchase their own malpractice insurance rather than depend on an institutional policy? a.A private policy will not cover them unless they are on their primary job. b.A private policy will carry personal liability coverage. c.A private policy will protect them against all lawsuits. d.A private policy will protect them from losing their license.

b.A private policy will carry personal liability coverage. The new graduate should purchase private malpractice insurance in addition to that of the institution to ensure that there is personal liability coverage. The private policy will cover the new graduate at any nursing job in which they are employed. No malpractice insurance policy can guarantee that there will not be any lawsuit or loss of license.

What is another term for promotion? a.Reward b.Advancement c.Lift d.Bubble

b.Advancement Advancement may result from additional preparation or additional experience. It may be gained by learning the position more thoroughly and by assuming new and greater responsibilities

What is the physical, emotional, and spiritual exhaustion that can occur among caregivers? a.Excessiveness b.Burnout c.Fatigue d.Weariness

b.Burnout Physical, emotional, and spiritual exhaustion among caregivers is sometimes called burnout.

Technical and scientific changes have resulted in a multiplicity and complexity of functions placed on nurses, and sometimes job descriptions have not been rewritten. What is true of the role of the LPN/LVN? a.It is constantly enlarging b.It is constantly changing c.It is constantly improving d.It is constantly growing

b.It is constantly changing The role of the LPN/LVN is constantly changing.

A new graduate who has achieved the goal of getting others to do something that is believed necessary has demonstrated what skill? a.Management b.Leadership c.Influence d.Control

b.Leadership Leadership is the art of getting others to want to do something that is perceived as necessary.

What is the term for the commission of an act that a prudent nurse should not have done, or the omission of an act a prudent nurse should have done, that results in injury or harm to another person? a.Malpractice b.Negligence c.Neglect d.Disregard

b.Negligence To qualify as negligence, it must be proved that a prudent member of the profession would have acted differently.

Which employment setting would likely involve a daytime schedule with weekends off, and would focus on prevention and patient teaching? a.Long-term care b.Physicians office c.Hospice setting d.Adult day care

b.Physicians office Physician offices typically involve a daytime schedule with most weekends off. The setting focuses on prevention and includes opportunities for patient teaching.

In what employment setting does the nurse give total care to one patient; is totally independent; provides care in the home, hospital, or other facility; is paid directly by the patient; and is legally responsible for his or her own actions? a.Home health nursing b.Private duty nursing c.Patient care nursing d.Agency care nursing

b.Private duty nursing The private duty nurse gives total care to one patient and is paid directly by the patient or responsible party. The nurse is legally responsible for his or her own actions.

What type of leadership uses four different stylesdirecting, coaching, supporting, and delegating? a.Autocratic b.Situational c.Democratic d.Authoritative

b.Situational Situational leadership identifies four typical styles for leaders.

Which actions would best aid the new nurse in coping with working the night shift? (Select all that apply.) a.Eat large meals during the night to stay awake b.Use dark shades to block out light when sleeping c.Obtain a prescription for sedatives to aid sleep d.Wear sunglasses on the drive home from work e.Go directly to bed when arriving home from work

b.Use dark shades to block out light when sleeping d.Wear sunglasses on the drive home from work Dark shades or room darkening blinds will block the sunshine and allow for darkness when sleeping during the daytime hours. Wear sunglasses on the drive home from work to reduce the melatonin-reducing effect of sunshine. It is best to eat light, balanced meals during the night. Sedatives and alcohol should not be used as an aid to sleep. Allow time to unwind after work before going to bed, and try to follow the same routine daily.

Leadership is different from management. Which definition best describes this difference? a. The leadership function comes after the manager decides on it. b. Management refers to providing the means to inspire people. c. A leader selects the role, and a manager is appointed. d. A manager selects goals and the means to achieve them.

c. A leader selects the role, and a manager is appointed. As defined in the text, whereas leaders inspire people to strive to accomplish particular goals, management provides the means to achieve these goals.

On returning to the nurses station, a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) discovers that the daughter of a frail but competent resident is reading her mothers chart. The woman says, I am entitled to see my mothers medical record. What is the nurses best response? a. What is it that you believe you need to know? Give me the chart. b. You must understand that only your mother has the right to read the contents of her medical record. Please give me the chart. c. Although the chart itself is not available to you to read, I would be glad to try to answer any questions you have. May I have the chart, please? d. Reading that chart is a very serious violation of your mothers privacy. I cannot allow you to see it. Please put down the chart.

c. Although the chart itself is not available to you to read, I would be glad to try to answer any questions you have. May I have the chart, please? Unless the patient is legally declared incompetent and the person requesting to discuss the chart information is appointed a legal surrogate, the patient has the right to privacy and confidentiality. All of the other options are demanding or aggressive, invite a power struggle, and do not fulfill the daughters need for information.

A new nurse is hired to serve as leader of a unit. The leader clearly identifies the goals that the unit must accomplish and encourages team members to participate in the decision-making process. The leader makes suggestions rather than dominating the group and turns problems over to the group to manage. This is an example of what leadership style? a. Autocratic b. Laissez-faire c. Democratic d. Transformational

c. Democratic Democratic leaders achieve their goals through the participation of group members by focusing on the individual abilities and attributes of each member. Democratic leaders lead by suggestion rather than domination. Instead of power struggles, they turn problems over to the group to manage.

A director of nursing in a long-term care facility appoints an LPN/LVN to be project head to coordinate a review of end-of-shift reporting times and to develop a new, more timely format for the entire agency to use. What is the role of the LPN/LVN? a. Goal-setting organizer b. Organizing leader c. Assigned manager d. Manager-leader

c. Assigned manager The LPN/LVN has been appointed to manage the implementation of a goal set by the leader.

An employee failed to perform the duties listed in the employment contract. What is the term for this failure? a.Lawsuit b.Termination c.Breach of contract d.Reprimand

c. Breach of contract Failure by the nurse or employer to perform contractual duties is known as a breach of contract. A breach of contract may result in a reprimand, termination, or lawsuit.

On the way to the biohazard disposal closet to dispose intravenous (IV) tubing and a bag used on a patient who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus, the LPN/LVN drops the IV tubing and bag on the floor, causing a spill. What is the team leaders most appropriate action? ] a. Quickly pick up the dropped supplies and dispose of them in the biohazard bag in the biohazard room. Ask housekeeping to place a small barricade over the spill until it can be mopped up later. b. Find the floor maintenance person to pick up and dispose of the used equipment and to mop the floor, reminding him or her to wash his or her hands with soap and water. Chart that the IV was infused and discontinued appropriately. c. Call and report to designated personnel to come and cordon off the area from staff and patients; have the spill cleaned with approved infection and chemotherapy spill control procedures. d. Chart the spill in the patients chart, inform the RN when convenient, and have housekeeping mop up the spill.

c. Call and report to designated personnel to come and cordon off the area from staff and patients; have the spill cleaned with approved infection and chemotherapy spill control procedures. Blood and chemotherapeutic agents are biohazards. Each facility has a policy regarding safety issues, which includes immediate reporting to the designated personnel.

A nurse is careful to perform each procedure in the same step-by-step manner. What will this consistency of care accomplish? a. That no step is omitted b. Complete safety c. Confidence in the nurses competence d. Save time

c. Confidence in the nurses competence One of the expectations of hospitalization is to receive competent care. Precise step-by-step procedures build patient confidence that the nurse is competent.

A facility where the LPN is employed must have bilingual individuals throughout the hospital who are trained in interpretation. The facility also needs a roster maintained to enable interpreters to be contacted as needed. Which option for oral language assistance would be best for this facility? a. Remote simultaneous interpretation b. Community interpreter banks c. Employee language banks d. Contract interpreters

c. Employee language banks In employee language banks, bilingual individuals throughout the facility are trained in interpretation with a roster maintained to enable interpreters to be contacted when needed. Remote simultaneous interpretation uses wireless remote headsets by the patient and the health care provider with an interpreter providing simultaneous interpreting. In community interpreter banks, independent agencies maintain lists of trained interpreters in the community with services available to any agency or business. Contract interpreters use professional interpreters who are employed only as needed and are useful for languages that are not commonly encountered in the setting.

A patient asks the nurse who is picking up the breakfast trays, What will happen during the radiology test this morning? The nurse replies, All the necessary explanations are on that sheet of paper on the table. What does this response violate? a. Confidentiality b. Privacy c. Explanation of care d. Continuity of care

c. Explanation of care All patients have the right to an explanation of all aspects of care and treatment.

A nurse is preparing an anxious patient for major surgery and remarks, Everyone feels some anxiety, but you will be asleep during the whole thing. Which communication style does this exemplify? a. Empathy b. Summarizing c. False reassurance d. Premature advice

c. False reassurance False reassurance shows lack of effort to understand and shuts off communication by imposing personal opinion. It may sound empathetic, but false reassurance does not encourage further communication.

A PN/VN student is assigned to a patient who makes homosexual remarks and asks the student to meet after discharge. What is the students best response? a. I am required to report inappropriate sexual behavior to my instructor. b. I am uncomfortable dealing with homosexuals. Lets just forget this conversation and get on with your care as quickly as possible. c. I am here as your nurse to meet your treatment needs. Such provocative conversation is not acceptable to me as part of your care. d. Your chosen lifestyle makes me uncomfortable. I will be back with your medication.

c. I am here as your nurse to meet your treatment needs. Such provocative conversation is not acceptable to me as part of your care. The patient has a right to have the nurses behave respectfully, regardless of sexual orientation. Setting limits without belittling the patient is a professional response. The nurse should be open, honest, and nonjudgmental.

A patient says, I am sick of being sick. What is the most therapeutic response? a. I cant believe you really feel that way. b. I dont think that attitude is very helpful. c. I think you sound pretty frustrated. d. I want you to feel more positive.

c. I think you sound pretty frustrated. I statements are used to confirm that the nurse understands the message from the patient.

A licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN), as a regular staff member, knows all the patients and anticipates many of their needs. Other staff members are comfortable asking for advice. The advice is given freely with a clear explanation or demonstration or both. In what role is this nurse acting? a. Self-appointed teacher b. Management-assigned instructor c. Informal leader d. Designated supervisor

c. Informal leader Informal leaders are not appointed but are recognized by their peers as knowledgeable and skillful.

An LPN is moving through the steps of the decision-making process and has identified the problem and now wants to explore possible solutions. What is the HIGHEST priority nursing action that will allow this to occur for the LPN? a. Go on a fact-finding mission. b. Determine whether an action is realistic. c. Involve other personnel through brainstorming. d. Identify how results will be evaluated.

c. Involve other personnel through brainstorming. Involving other personnel through brainstorming will explore possible solutions. Going on a fact-finding mission should have occurred as part of identifying the problem. Determining whether an action is realistic should occur as part of choosing the most desirable action. Identifying how results will be evaluated will occur as part of the evaluation of the decision.

How does a therapeutic relationship differ from a social relationship? (Select all that apply.) a. Has no limits b. Is always acceptable to the patient c. Is goal directed d. Is nonjudgmental e. Focuses only on the patient

c. Is goal directed d. Is nonjudgmental e. Focuses only on the patient The therapeutic relationship is goal directed and nonjudgmental and focuses only on the patient. The therapeutic relationship does have limits that may be placed on both the patient and the nurse. The therapeutic relationship is sometimes difficult for a patient to accept.

A team leader nurse is attending college classes for a degree after work and spends much of the day reading and writing. As a result, the staff is given few directions. They make their own patient assignments and time schedules and solve problems among themselves. Significant confusion is evident on the unit. What leadership style is being practiced? a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-faire d. Participative

c. Laissez-faire The laissez-faire leader gives no direction to the activities of the staff, allowing them to do what they want.

A nurse is changing an abdominal dressing on a disoriented 89-year-old man when he grabs the nurses breast muttering something about Mary (his wife). What is the most therapeutic response by the nurse? a. Stereotype him as a dirty old man and warn the rest of the staff to stay away from him. b. Get a physicians order for wrist restraints when nurses go near the patient for activities such as dressings, baths, and feedings. c. Maintain eye contact with the patient and then clearly tell him and repeat, I am your nurse. I am coming to help you eat, bathe, and change your stomach bandage. I am not Mary. d. That dressing needs changing. Dont be a naughty boy with me again or I will slap your hands and call Mary to come and do all your care herself!

c. Maintain eye contact with the patient and then clearly tell him and repeat, I am your nurse. I am coming to help you eat, bathe, and change your stomach bandage. I am not Mary. Older, confused patients frequently confuse the nurse with close relations such as a spouse, whom they are accustomed to touching. Nurses should provide understanding and maintain a therapeutic environment.

A team leader is preparing to type the evening shift report. Which comment should be included in the report? a. Patient A complained of a headache until his wife arrived to visit. She was 20 minutes late because of unavoidable traffic. b. Patient B ate everything on her dinner trayroast beef, mashed potatoes, and green beansand the dessert, too, which is her usual pattern. c. Patient C was so restless that the dressing on her sacrum came off and had to be replaced. No change occurred in the assessment of the decubitus. d. Patient D had her usual visitors. She is sleeping after her regular evening medications, which were given as ordered at 2000.

c. Patient C was so restless that the dressing on her sacrum came off and had to be replaced. No change occurred in the assessment of the decubitus. The shift report should contain only clear, concise, and thorough information without extra useless comments.

What is the correct term for a concise, one- or two-page summary of educational and work experience, activities and honors, and concrete skills and interests? a. Introduction b. Review c. Resume d. Composite

c. Resume A resume is a one- or two-page summary of the applicants education and experience.

A licensed practical nurse (LPN) observes another nurse attempting to influence a patient to the nurse's way of thinking. What should be the HIGHEST priority action on the part of the LPN? a. Do nothing. Influencing a patient is an appropriate part of the helping relationship. b. Monitor the nurse and patient closely for evidence of appropriate interaction. c. Speak with the nurse about interacting with the patient on a friend level. d. Encourage the nurse to continue to interact in this manner because doing so is therapeutic.

c. Speak with the nurse about interacting with the patient on a friend level. A friend would appropriately try to influence another in discussing various issues, whereas a nurse in the helping relationship would not attempt to influence a patient to the nurse's way of thinking. Doing nothing, monitoring the nurse, and encouraging the nurse are inappropriate manners of interaction.

Which factor determines whether an LVN/LPN can assume the role of charge nurse? a. Skill level of the nurse b. Years the nurse has been practicing c. State nurse practice act and institutional policy d. Willingness to accept the position of designated charge nurse

c. State nurse practice act and institutional policy The role of the charge nurse can be assumed if allowed by the LVN/LPN's state nurse practice act and institutional policy. The years the nurse has been practicing do not render the nurse qualified to hold a charge position. Although the nurse may possess the skill level and be willing to accept the role, it is not a criterion for the nurse to hold the position.

Which document should be consulted for information on the role and the functions that can be performed by the nurse? a. Nursing journals b. Medical journals c. The state nurse practice act d. The Joint Commission

c. The state nurse practice act The state in which the nurse practices outlines the roles and functions of the said nurse in the nurse practice acts. Nursing journals and medical journals cover a variety of nursing and medical topics, but they do not address roles and functions of the nurse. The Joint Commission is not a document.

A charge nurse is making an assignment on a medical unit that has a severe personnel shortage. Which task should be delegated to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? a. Assessment of a patient with a recent head injury b. Listening to heart sounds on a patient with chest pain c. Turning a patient, with risk for skin breakdown, every 2 hours d. Ambulating a patient who has frequent episodes of dyspnea

c. Turning a patient, with risk for skin breakdown, every 2 hours Task delegation should be made carefully so that the skills of assigned personnel match patient needs. Task delegations are based on patient needs and scope of functions for nursing assistants. Therefore, the patient who needs turning requires skills that the unlicensed personnel can safely provide. The patient with a head injury is at risk for increased intracranial pressure and will need frequent assessment the UAP cannot provide. A patient with chest pain will need care at a level above what the UAP can render. A patient who is experiencing dyspnea will need airway management that the UAP is not qualified to give.

The LPN/LVN is transcribing the physician's orders from her patient's record to the MAR and is having a difficult time reading the orders. What is the most appropriate next step for the LPN/LVN to take? a. Transcribing what she thinks is the order b. Verifying that the chart is for the right patient c. Verifying with another nurse; if still unsure, call the physician d. Skipping the order and coming back when finished with other orders

c. Verifying with another nurse; if still unsure, call the physician If a nurse is unsure of a written order, then he or she needs to clarify the order with another nurse, and if still unclear, to call the physician for clarification. The nurse should never try to guess what an order says. Although verifying the chart is a useful step for ensuring the correct orders are transcribed for the correct patient, the unclear order itself still must be verified before transcribing. If the nurse skips the order, there is a danger that she might forget to come back to it when finished with the rest.REF:

Which task is most likely to be delegated to a certified nurses assistant (CNA)? a. Updating a nursing care plan b. Developing a teaching plan c. Weighing a patient d. Evaluating pain medication responses

c. Weighing a patient Unlicensed persons may weigh a patient when directed to do so.

When staff members complain about being pulled to other areas to work without prior notice, the leader agrees with their request to develop a more effective system and does so with assistance and input from the entire staff. Which leadership theory does this exemplify? a. X b. Y c. Z d. T

c. Z Theory Z involves all workers in every phase of the operation. Theory X assumes that all workers desire direction. Theory Y assumes that all work gives satisfaction.

A nurse working the medical floor reports to his shift feeling tired, complains of feeling emotionally drained, and has trouble meeting the needs of his patients. This is an example of: a. stress. b. laziness. c. burnout. d. being unorganized.

c. burnout. Burnout is the physical, emotional, and spiritual exhaustion of a caregiver. Stress to some extent is a normal part of life, but this nurse's signs and symptoms suggest a larger physical, emotional, or spiritual problem.

When a rsum reflects too many job changes, the employer may question it. How long should an employee remain at the first place of employment? a.6 months b.3 months c.1 year d.2 years

c.1 year Resigning from a position properly is another skill that the LPN/LVN will need to have. Employers will sometimes question a rsum that reflects frequent job changes; therefore, it is best to remain at the first place of employment at least 1 year.

What type of leadership involves a leader who displays little trust or confidence in employees and therefore makes all the decisions? a.Democratic b.Laissez-faire c.Autocratic d.Authoritative

c.Autocratic The autocratic leader displays little trust in employees, and therefore makes all decisions.

What is the best way to resolve most disagreements? a.Agreement b.Argument c.Communication d.Withdrawing

c.Communication Most problems can best be resolved by communication at the most basic level.

A nurse may practice in another state if he or she has passed the NCLEX-PN examination in the nurses own state and meets the other states educational requirements. What is the process of transferring licensure from one state to another called? a.Auxiliary b.Co-licensure c.Endorsement d.Qualified licensure

c.Endorsement This licensure transfer from one state to another is called endorsement.

Which setting provides greater nurse autonomy and continuity of care and is less costly for insurance companies? a.Hospice b.Hospitals c.Home health d.Long-term care

c.Home health The advantages of home health are greater nurse autonomy and continuity of care, as well as less cost to insurance.

What is the name of the licensing law that defines the title and regulations governing the practice of nursing and states the requirements for licensure? a.State practice act b.Nurse regulation act c.Nurse practice act d.Legislative act

c.Nurse practice act The nurse practice act defines the title and regulations governing the practice of nursing.

After transcribing each order in a list of orders, the nurse should ___________ __________ the order.

check off The nurse should check off each order as it is transcribed to ensure that each order is implemented.

What can an interviewer ask you during an interview?

criminal history hobbies community or social activities goals work experience education strengths and weaknesses reason for leaving previous job why they think they are qualified reason for applying

Which statement by the nurse indicates a need for further teaching on self-awareness? a. "I know my strengths and limitations." b. "My past may affect my reactions to certain situations." c. "I need to examine my attitudes, feelings, beliefs, and opinions." d. "Congruency between my verbal and nonverbal communication is not important."

d. "Congruency between my verbal and nonverbal communication is not important." A nurse needs to be self-aware and explore and assess how areas may affect communication. Self-awareness involves knowledge, experience, values, beliefs, perceptions, strengths, and weaknesses. All of these can affect the therapeutic environment. Past unresolved experiences may be emotionally laden. Congruency of verbal and nonverbal communication is important because if they are not congruent, it sends a mixed message.

The nurse is caring for a patient who tells the nurse she just learned she has been diagnosed with terminal cancer. To cultivate a therapeutic relationship, what is the nurse's best response? a. "Oh my; I had no idea." b. "Your husband must be so upset." c. "I will schedule a terminal cancer support group for you." d. "I will sit with you for a while; we can talk if you would like."

d. "I will sit with you for a while; we can talk if you would like." Offering to sit with the patient cultivates a therapeutic relationship by focusing on the patient and offering self. The response, "Oh, my; I had no idea," turns the focus to the nurse. Discussing the husband turns the focus to the husband and away from the patient. Although it may be appropriate at some point to set up supportive services for the patient, it is not appropriate at this time.

A nurse is explaining a pamphlet called the Patient Care Partnership to a patient and family. Who should the nurse indicate created this pamphlet? a. The Joint Commission b. Medicare/Medicaid Act c. Social Security Act d. American Hospital Association

d. American Hospital Association When displayed prominently in care areas, the Patient Care Partnership gives the patient, family, and caregivers a written reminder of the rights of the competent patient for his or her own care decisions and was created by the American Hospital Association.

Which is the most appropriate strategy for conflict resolution? a. Approaching all problems with the exact solution b. Allowing the problem to resolve without interference c. Reporting conflict and allowing outside sources to identify a solution d. Assessing the conflict and implementing the best solution for the problem

d. Assessing the conflict and implementing the best solution for the problem Solutions vary with the situation, so all problems cannot be resolved with the exact solution. Not interfering is inappropriate because some problems are not capable of being resolved without an intervention. Every effort should be made to resolve a problem internally. If this fails, then an outside resource may be used.

A 6-year-old child is brought to the Public Health Clinic Building to receive immunizations for the beginning of school. What is the proper classification for the recipient of this service? a. Patient b. Child c. Customer d. Client

d. Client The term client, in the modern context, refers to one who is not ill and who is a partner in maintaining wellness.

A method of conflict resolution that is used on the LPN's nursing unit leads to a winner and a loser being produced out of the conflict. Based on this outcome, what is the highest priority action that the LPN should use to determine what features exist in this situation? a. Avoidance b. Compromise c. Collaboration d. Competition

d. Competition Competition can lead to bad feelings being generated, the creation of a winner and a loser, and the generation of behaviors that block the actions of the winner. Avoidance can lead to the conflict not being resolved and neither party being satisfied with the outcome. Compromise may result in a solution being produced that is not necessarily the best one. Collaboration can cause time to be wasted if it is used for the resolution of trivial issues or issues in which the outcome has already been decided.

A team leader assigns LPN/LVN A to patient care in rooms 123 and 129 and explains the special higher level care that these patients require. Nurse aides G and F are assigned to the rest of the hall, splitting the numbers of patients needing total care versus partial care. Their care duties are discussed in detail. What does making assignments according to skill level exemplify? a. Planning b. Organizing c. Evaluating d. Directing

d. Directing The management function of directing is evident when the team leader makes assignments according to skill levels and explains what is to be done.

The families of patients expect their hospitalized member to receive holistic care. What characteristic is an example of provision of holistic care? a. Providing safety with the side rails up b. Providing only foods and drinks that are to the patients liking c. Bathing at a time and manner that is specified by the patient d. Including the family in the holistic approach

d. Including the family in the holistic approach The practice of holistic care of patients includes the family, as well as the patient, in meeting physical, emotional, social, economic, and spiritual needs.

A team leader is making out the patient care assignment. A new patient needs several extensive dressing changes for open diabetic wounds, a nasogastric (NG) tube feeding, and irrigation of the Foley catheter as needed. Which member of the care team is best suited for this assignment? a. Nurse aide A, who has had 10 years experience working at this facility, especially because this room is on the hall area where this NA is usually assigned b. Nurse aide B, who has just been employed but has recently been through the state nurse aide certificate program and needs the experience of these treatment modalities c. Nurse aide C, who is always asking for something new to try out and who is attending LPN/LVN school in off-duty hours d. LPN/LVN C because these treatments are covered under the LPN/LVN state practice act

d. LPN/LVN C because these treatments are covered under the LPN/LVN state practice act Invasive procedures may not be carried out by unlicensed personnel.

An experienced nurse has been assigned to direct a special project. The nurse provided no direction or leadership. There was mass confusion, and team members were unclear about the goals and objectives. Which leadership style is this based on the action of the leader? a. Autocratic b. Multicratic c. Democratic d. Laissez-faire

d. Laissez-faire A laissez-faire leader provides little or no directive leadership. Individuals working in this environment are allowed to do anything they want with no direction from administration. The result is people who do not know or care about what they are supposed to do. There is a loss of all sense of initiative and desire for achievement. The organization then disseminates into a muddle of confusion. An autocratic leadership style involves the leader using a great deal of control. A multicratic leadership style involves decision making by the leader with group input. A democratic leadership style involves the leader and the group in decision making.

What can an interviewer NOT ask you during an interview?

financial or credit status sexual preferences marital status age color religious beliefs race creed nationality

A new LPN/LVN is seeking a place of employment. Which type of facility allows an LPN/LVN to advance to charge nurse and supervisory capacity with RN supervision? a. Hospital b. Home health agency c. Physician's office d. Long-term care facility

d. Long-term care facility In long-term care facilities, the LPN is the backbone and has the opportunity to advance to supervisor under an RN direction. In the hospital setting, the LPN provides the majority of the bedside care. The opportunities in home health vary within different parts of the United States. There are opportunities to further education, because there are skills to be done that are not necessarily taught in schooling.

From what source does an LPN/LVN receive authority to delegate care to unlicensed personnel? a. Physician or registered nurse (RN) who hired them b. National Nurse Practice Act c. 1994 Entry Level Competencies Report d. Nurse practice act of the individual state

d. Nurse practice act of the individual state Delegation of responsibilities must be in accordance with the states nurse practice act.

A case conference is called to plan for a patient who has caused stress in the staff with constant calls and trivial requests. The nurse leader expresses personal views when leading the discussion about approaches to the problem and then makes the decision for care based on the discussion. What type of leadership style does this exemplify? a. Autocratic b. Democratic c. Laissez-faire d. Participative

d. Participative Participative leadership encourages group involvement and suggestion, but the decision is made by the leader.

A professional nurse has skills and knowledge to direct the care provided by other staff. What nursing care organization does this indicate? a. Primary nursing b. Functional nursing c. Rehabilitative nursing d. Team nursing

d. Team nursing In a team nursing situation, the skills of each team member are used to best advantage for efficient nursing care.

The LPN/LVN is responsible for giving end-of-shift reports. There are several types of reporting systems. What is the main concept to remember no matter which system is used by an employing facility? a. To pass on the most detailed information b. That you need to be as brief and quick as possible c. To gather all necessary information before beginning d. That confidentiality must be maintained.

d. That confidentiality must be maintained. When passing on information at the end-of-shift report, the main thing for the LPN/LVN or RN to remember is that they must maintain patient confidentiality. An end-of-shift report should include the data necessary for the next shift to continue the quality of the patient's care. End-of-shift reports should be precise, but not so brief as to leave out pertinent information. Time should be allowed for clarification and updates. It is correct to gather the necessary data before beginning the report, but this is not the most important consideration.

Planning, organizing, directing, and controlling are major functions of _____.

management The major functions of management are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling.

Which leadership style allows leadership flow among members of the team according to the task at hand? a. Democratic b. Laissez-faire c. Multicratic d. Transformational

d. Transformational The transformational style allows leadership to flow among the members of the team, based on the task at hand. Such style indicates a well-functioning team.

A nurse, as a unique person, brings to each practice-patient relationship qualities such as knowledge, experiences, strengths, and weaknesses. What is the inclusive term used to describe this phenomenon? a. Personhood experiences b. Physiologic influence c. Sociologic influence d. Use of self in nursing

d. Use of self in nursing The nurse brings all parts of personality into the care setting.

A newly admitted resident to a long-term care facility tells the nurse that he misses his dog. What is the most therapeutic response by the nurse? a. You need to get a stuffed dog to keep you company. b. Have you made friends with Buddy, our facilitys mascot? c. Yes, dogs are a great deal of company. d. What do you miss about your dog?

d. What do you miss about your dog? Open-ended responses encourage discussion. Options that give premature advice or block communication are not therapeutic.

The nurse is caring for a 15-year-old patient who was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis and subsequently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse understands that a major issue that affects the patient's safety is compliance with treatment. What is the best way for the nurse to facilitate the patient's compliance with treatment? a. Send the patient to diabetes education classes while in the hospital. b. Educate the patient's parents on how to control the patient's diabetes. c. Provide the patient with detailed instructions on how to care for diabetes. d. Work with the family and interdisciplinary team to find a suitable time for a care planning meeting.

d. Work with the family and interdisciplinary team to find a suitable time for a care planning meeting. Diabetes is especially dangerous in teenagers because their compliance is often poor. The best way to ensure compliance is to encourage the patient and family to attend the interdisciplinary team's care planning meeting. The team should work with the family to ensure all can attend the meeting. It may or may not be appropriate to send the patient to diabetes education classes while in the hospital. Although the nurse should educate the parents and the patient on how to care for the diabetes, the patient must be empowered to control the diabetes by participating in the planning of care.

In what setting can the LPN/LVNs management and leadership skills be developed best? a.Acute care hospital b.Rehabilitation hospital c.Trauma center d.Long-term care facility

d.Long-term care facility Management and leadership skills of the LPN/LVN can best be developed in long-term care settings with RN supervision.