psych final
Dr. Jackson is often found in class using phrases like "it is similar to and kind of like" Making connections between similar things is an example of an
analogy
a lawyer most likely has
analytical intelligence
A preschool teacher accidentally steps on a pencil that is laying on the classroom floor and it breaks in half. A student gasps and says that poor pencil I bet that hurt him. the student is displaying which of Piaget's concepts
animism
Latisa wanted to take the job because of the good pay but did not like the idea of the long hours. this is an example of ________ conflict
approach avoidance
which division of the peripheral nervous system regulates glands and activities such as heartbeat and respiration
autonomic nervous system
Baby Hoshi's dad could not stop laughing because every time he touched the soles of his feet his toes would fan out. In this scenario the baby exhibited the
babinski reflex
Gael suffers from epilepsy. Which type of drug would most likely be prescribed to treat this
barbiturates
When you are trining a pet you are most likely relying on which of the following psychological perspectives
behaviorist
When you are taking a test, you are awake and alert. this means that your brain is currently generating
beta wave
Sergi is having disturbing thoughts. His therapist suggests during blood work to measure the level of hormones. Which perspective is Sergis therapist using
biological
The ___________ perspective works on the assumption that thought, fantasies, and dream, and the inborn or instinctive behavior patterns of various are made possible by the nervous system and especially the brain
biological
_________ such as pathogens, injuries, age, gender, and a family history of diseases may strike us as the most obvious causes of illness
biological factors
Alex is romantically and sexually attracted to Bothe males and females. they are most likely to be labeled
bisexual
Identify a true statement about prelinguistic vocalizations
blabbing is prelinguistic
which of the following statements is true of approach approach conflicts
both goals involved in these conflicts are attainable
In relation to the question of what determines intelligence, most psychologists agree that:
both hereditary and environment are important in determining intelligence
Peter went out cycling one morning. He was not wearing a helmet. He fell off a ridge and fell into a steep valley. Apart from fracturing his arm and acquiring several bruises, Peter severely injured his head. The doctor noticed a swelling on the right side of his head and suspected that it was a blood clot. Which of the following did the doctor use to obtain a three-dimensional image of Peter's brain for further investigation?
computerized axial tomography
Which brain imaging technology takes several x-rays to reveal deformities in shape and structure that are connected with blood clots, tumors, and other health problems
computerized axial tomography scan
visual acuity is highest when images are focused on the fovea because of the high concentration of _______ in the region
cones
________ is the feeling of being pulled in two or more directions by opposing motives
conflict
Misu attains high grades in her college courses and is always very organized with he materials and time. using the big five model of personality on which trait would miss likely score high
conscientiousness
Osku and Monika are discussing how emotions emerge. osku insists that emotions are only felt after the patterns of body arousal begin. Monika maintains that the brain processes an event with arousal and emotions happening simultaneously. For which theory pf emotion is Monika advocating
cannon-bard
In order to better remember the information from his psych text, Sheldon groups concepts into various categories and then studies those categories one at a time. Sheldon is using what type of memory strategy
categorization
which of the following is true of the nativist theory of language development
children being neurological prewiring to language learning
Which of the following is true about neurotransmitters
"Loose" neurotransmitters are either broken down or reabsorbed by the axon terminal
The average amount of time it takes to complete each cycle through the stages of NREM sleep and Rem sleep lasts about
1 hour
What percentage of genes are shared by monozygotic twins
100 percent
according to research on lying bu Elkman what percentage of individuals are able to successfully hide their emotions
5%
In addition to his normal duties, a professor actively participates in the extra-curricular activities of the college where he teaches. According to Suzanne Kobasa, which of the following characteristics of psychological hardiness does the professor exhibit?
Commitment
Kevin is in the exhaustion stage of Selye's general adaptation syndrome. Which of the following is most likely to occur?
His heart and respiration rates slow down and his muscles become fatigued
who among the following exhibits a characteristic of psychological hardiness
Roanne who sees change as an opportunity to grow
According the the American Psychology Association's Handbooks of Ethics in Psychology. which of the following criteria must be met for psychologists to use deception in their experiments
The participants are debriefed after
Which of the following causes down syndrome
The presence of an extra chromosome on the 21st pair
Paula was out on a date with her boyfriend. the song, "Lucy in the sky with diamonds" bu the Beatles cam eon and Paula and her boyfriend shared their first kiss which she enjoyed very much. Now whenever she hears this specific song, she feel happy and excited. In this instance what is the conditioned stimulus
The song "Lucy in the sky with diamonds"
which of the following is one of the most common concerns about the Cannon- bard theory
The theory says that emotions occur independently from the environment
which best characterizes Howard Gardners view of intelligence
There are multiple intelligences which are influenced by different areas of the brain
In the context of the drive-reduction theory, which of the following is true of acquired drives?
They are developed through experience
which one of these assessments groups test questions into a number of separate subtests where each subtest measures a different intellectual task
Wechsler scale
if you are in a room full of people conversing but can still pick out the speech of a single person you are experiencing which phenomonon
cocktail party effect
according to this theory events and arousal are appraised by the individual. the emotional response stems from the persons appraisal of the situation and his or her level of arousal
cognitive appraisal theory
Aria works at a marketing research firm. Whenever she process information, she disregards information that does not fit in with her ideas to eliminate discrepancies. this behavior is consistent with
cognitive dissonance theory
_________ primarily study how we perceive and mentally represent the world, how we learn, remember the past, plan, problem solve, and use language
cognitive psychologists
Masha, a 13 year old girl is poor at math. ms. Kobes, Mashas math teacher shares with Masha a list of math tips and tricks that she can use to become more proficient in the subject. In the context of Vygotskys sociocultural theory , Ms. Kobes is using what concept to help this child
cognitive scaffolding
infant-centered speech is characterized by all except which of the following
complex sentences to encourage language development
It seems like every day you experience a decrease in your mental alertness around 2 or 3 o'clock each afternoon. This daily occurrence in your mental alertness is an example of
a circadian rhythm
Which of the following terms denotes a trick of perceptual constancies on the eye
a visual illusion
A two-year-olds Childs family has a pet rabbit. When the family visits the zoo the child sees a hamster for the first time and calls it a rabbit because of the physical features that are common to a rabbit and a hamster. According to Piaget, which cognitive process will most likely modify the Childs understanding
accommodation
Dan is unhappy until his tweets get at least 100 likes His desire for this kind of validation is what kind of drive
acquired
Which theory related to dreams sates that acetylcholine and the pons stimulate responses that lead to dreaming
activation- synthesis model
which of the following pituitary hormones regulate the adrenal cortex
adrenocorticotropic hormone
Dr. Nadine Burke Harris and her colleagues have studied how childhood stressors can lead to physical and psychological problems well into adulthood. the stressors are known as
adverse childhood experiences
Bobby was standing in line to purchase a movie ticket. All of a sudden, the man in front of hi took a few steps back and stepped on Bobby's foot, bobby immediately felt pain in his foot. This sensation was transmitted to the spinal cord and the brain through
afferent neurons
Your friend Adelina tells you that she is red-green colorblind . This means she can see things in
all colors except either red or green
which type of brain waves are described as rapid, low amplitude brain waves and have been linked to feelings of relaxation
alpha waves
Rami has just consumed a substance that provided an increase in energy that make it difficult to fall asleep. She has a reduced appetite and is suffering from hallucinations and delusions what did Rami most likely ingest
an amphetamine
In which of these strategies does the problem solver associate freely to the elements of the problem allowing leads to run a nearly limitless course
divergent thinking
Nicotine, alcohol, and many other drugs are pleasurable because they heighten levels of
dopamine
Derris is a research assistant in Dr. Smith's psych lab. When the participant asked him what the conditions of the study were, Derris replied "I do not Know". This is an example of what kind of study
double-blind
sexual desires fall into what category
drive
Rosinha is cold, so she puts on a sweater to return her temp to a comfortable state. Which theory of motivation does this scenario illustrate
drive-reduction
When Angelica studies for her college classes, she actively thinks about the new information, thinks about its applications, and tries to generate her own examples based on her experiences. This could be an example of which concept of memory
elaboration
according to James and Lange which of these are the cognitive representations of autonomic psychological and behavioral responses
emotions
Which chemical messenger intensifies most emotions and is central to the experience of fear and anxiety
epinephrine
which of the following is a feature of Erikson's intimacy versus isolation stage
establishment of close relationships
_______ stress is considered harmful
eustress
which of the following is the sequence of phases for the sexual response cycle
excitement, plateau, orgasmic, resolution
Which of the following is something that parents and educators can do to tone down the impact media violence is having on children
explain the real life consequences of violence
What appears to be responsible for regulating the circadian rhythm?
exposure to sunlight
identify the factors that make up the Big Five factor model
extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness agreeableness, and openness
identify the factors that make up the big five factor model
extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness
Eli is a school student. Her teacher's appreciation motivates her to study well. She also aims to impress her teacher and parents by getting into a good university after she graduates from high school. Eli's performance goals seem to be met through
extrinsic reward
Jerrion was working in his apartment on a very difficult project for work. he decided to take a break and walk outside. It was a bright sunny day and he was squinting a lot because of the light. upon getting back inside to work on the project he felt more excited about it. this behavior is consistent with the
facial feedback hypothesis
according to Weber's law the absolute threshold for all senses is the same for everyone
false
Elijah is a web-content writer. He gets paid $100 for every five articles he publishes. in the scenario on which schedule of reinforcement is Elijahs payment based
fixed ratio schedule
some individuals who use lysergic acid diethyl amide have distorted perceptions of hallucinations that mimic the LSD trip but occur days, weeks, or longer after usage what are the experiences called
flashbacks
Asha has a fear of darkness. To extinguish this fear, she is placed in a dark room ensuring that she suffers no harm in the process. In this scenario, which of the following techniques is being used to reduce Asha's fear of the dark?
flooding
Celia is taking an interest inventory. One of the questions asks her to select her preferred activity from among traveling, reading books, and cooking. The question does not give her a "none of the above" option. What is the format of the interest inventory called?
forced-choice format
Jane is a practicing psychologist who assesses the mental status of people charged with crimes and shares her findings with the courts, Jane is most likely an
forensic psychologist
Lelia's young son has accedientily locked himself in his room. Lelia is trying out how to unlock the door. Unfortunately she doesn't realize that her butter knife could be used to unlock the door. This illustrates
functional fixedness
Mina taught her dog to jump every time she raises her right hand. later, the dog started jumping even if she raised her left hand. In this scenario the dog's action of jumping as a response to a similar stimulus is due to a tendency called
generalization
which of the following represents your full genetic potential
genotype
Amanda has long dreamed of becoming a mother. She tracks her menstrual cycle and tries to have sex with her husband at the most opportune times. what type of factor is Amanda motivation for sex based on
goal attainment
due to repeated exposure to media violence, viewers sensitivity to violence may decrease. this is called
habituation
Being left handed appears to provide somewhat greater than average probability of having
having dyslexia
Steve predicts physical and psychological health problems. Which of the following has it been found to predict
heart disease, cancer, anxiety, and depression
a mental shortcut, or rule of thumb, for solving problems is called a
heuristic
In the context of organization in long-term memory a _______ is an arrangement of items into groups or classes according to common or distinct features
hierarchy
Alicia was recently in a car accident. Since then, she cannot retain memories of events that occurred after the accident. However, she can recall events that took place before the accident. She recognizes her family and friends and important dates, such as her birthday and her marriage anniversary, but has to be constantly reintroduced to the new people in her life. Alicia has most likely sustained damage to her
hippocampus
If the ________ is damaged, a person has difficulty forming new memories
hippocampus
When a child utters the word "mama," it may signify meanings as varied as "There goes Mama," "Come here, Mama," and "You are my Mama." Such single words used by children to express complex meanings are known as
holophrases
Viola has just come back from work and is experiencing hunger pangs. She quickly makes a sandwich which satisfies her hunger. The return to the normal bodily function without the hunger pangs is called
homeostasis
clark hulls drive reduction theory states that
humans learn to engage in behaviors that reduce a state of arousal
in a sudden accident, Stan's hypothalamus is damaged causing him to eat excessively, a condition known as
hyperphagia
which of the following along with receptors in our liver, helps regulate our hunger
hypothalamus
Freud claimed only a very limited part of our mind operates at the level of awareness while the rest seems to be in our unconscious. he compared these levels of awareness to a
iceberg
the flow of visual information seems smooth and continuous because of __________ memory which can hold visual stimuli for up to a second
iconic
how to perform different skill and actions is a component of
implicit memory
knowing how to play a piano without much conscious effort illustrates
implicit memory
Rachel came across a question she did not know while taking her psychology exam. She skipped it and moved on, returning to it when she recalled the answer. which strategy did Rachel use
incubation
In the context of memory and forgetting, one of the explanations for infantile amnesia states that
infants do not make reliable use of language to symbolize or classify events
Ava, a four-year-old girl, combines words to form her own sentences. In this scenario, Ava is demonstrating
infinite creativity
explicit memory
information that can be clearly stated
Which of the following is a principle of critical thinking
insist on evidence
Which of these is a general mental capability that involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly, and learn from experience
intelligence
If you have a ______ locus of control you tend to believe that you can influence when you have reinforcers
internal
Which of the following is a drawback of case studies
interviewers may influence participants to give responses that suit their expectations
Ophelia is in high school. She enjoys studying and does well in school. Her parents encourage her to think and act independently. Whenever she does well in an exam, she feels a sense of self-satisfaction. In this scenario, Ophelia's achievement motivation stems from a
intrinsic goal
Eysenck focused on the relationships between two personality traits, emotional instability and
introversion-extroversion
which structure in the front of the eye fillets and constricts to determine how much light will be allowed to get into the eye
iris
Ever since Michelle failed her biology test, she thinks that she will never be able to find a job when she eventually graduates. She feels that she will end up homeless. This situation best demonstrates __________.
irrational beliefs
the blind spot
is insensitive to visual stimulation
which of the following statements is true about long term memory
it is analogous to a biochemical "hard drive"
which of the following is a feature of a child's motor development
it is dependent on brain maturation of the child
which of the following statements is true of applied research
it is designed to find solutions to specific personal or social problems
which of the following statements is true of the absolute threshold
it is determined by measuring the rate at which a person becomes less sensitive to stimuli of low negative and more sensitive to stimuli that remain the same
which of the following statements is true of classical conditioning
it is involuntary automatic learning
As we age and reach our late 30's to mid-40's, what structure in our eyes tends to have difficulty accommodating?
lens
which of the following are some of the difference between life changes and daily hassles
many life changes are positive and occur less frequently
Which is the oblong area of the hindbrain involved in regulation of heartbeat, blood pressure, movement, and respiration
medulla
which of the following plays a significant role in sleeping, sneezing and coughing
medulla
which hormone promotes sleep
melatonin
Brown and McNiell's experiment on the tip go the tongue phenomenon revealed that
memory storage systems of human are indexed according to both visual and audio cues
according to William masters and Virginia Johnston
men and women have similar biological responses to sexual stimulation
These neurons help explain why behaviors like yawning and laughter seem to be contagious
mirror neurons
Delilah's older sister is swinging. She watches how he older sister pumps her legs forward and then back while swinging. Deliah gets on the swing next to herald starts to copy her sister's behavior. in this scenario the older sister is the
model
In the context of motor development of children, which of the following statements is true of activities like rolling over, sitting up, crawling, creeping, walking, and running?
most infants engage in these activities in the same sequence
satiety signals are sent from which two parts of the body
mouth and digestive tract
Which of these is best defined as a sudden variation in an inheritable characteristic as distinguished from a variation that results from generation of gradual selection
mutation
On his first day as a school psychologist, Daniel took a trip to the school ground and quietly sat in the corner watching the children play. He noticed several patterns in the way children behaved with each other, especially when they were playing games. Daniel is most likely using the method of
naturalistic observation
A mother is playing with her 8 year old son. She places a toy in front of her son and then takes it away. She notices that her son starts searching for the toy. Which aspect of Piaget's sensorimotor stage of development is depicted in the scenario
object permanence
_______ tests are tests whose items must be answered in a specified limited manner and have concrete answers
objective
The _________ conducts sensory input to the brain, where it is relayed to the visual area of the occipital lobe
optic nerve
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of stages in Sigmund Frued's theory of psychosexual development
oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital
Diego is 75 years old and his grandchildren have noticed that he uses a lot of salt and pepper on his dinners lately. what is likely the explanation for this
our sense of smell declines in late adulthood
max' three year old typically says things like "I seed it" and "Mommy sitted down" These examples illustrate
over regularization
In the context of the brain's language functions, identify the correct statement
people with Wernicke's aphasia usually speak freely and with proper syntax
Mariana, a 14-year-old girl, is dating a 19-year-old boy. Her parents disapprove of this behavior and forbid her from meeting the boy. Marina fights with her parents because of this as she believes that she loves him. She also believes that she is unique and is destined to get married to the love of her life at an early age. This scenario best represents the concept of the _____.
personal fable
according to your text, if you have adequate sight you also have what kind of memory
photographic
When a patient insists on having a medical cure but a physician does nor believe that medicine is necessary, the physician may prescribe sugar pills. the fake pills are called
placebos
which of the following is the second phase of the sexual response cycle
plateau phase
traits such as sociability and aggressiveness are thoughts to be
polygenic
Which of Sternberg's types of intelligence could be referred to as "street smarts"?
practical intelligence
Azura decided not tot cheat on the exam because she was afraid of the consequences. this is a characteristic of which stage of moral reasoning
pre-conventional
researchers have shown that sexual orientation is
primarily genetic
food and water are examples of
primary reinforcers
In his clinical practice, dr. lee believes that the draw-a-person is an excellent way to discover some of his patients mental health issues. the DAP requires you to draw a person, for instance, your mother or significant other. this type of test would be considered a
projective test
Because of her poor health, your Aunt B had to take a lot of medication. She usually does a good job remembering to take it but sometimes forgets to do so. This forgetting is a failure of what type of memory?
prospective memory
If college courses would be considered a mental category then PSY 201C could be considered an
prototype
which of the following is true of psychological needs
psychological needs differ markedly from one person to another
Which of the following is true of the scientific method
psychologists are guided by principles of critical thinking as they try to draw conclusions from research evidence collected through the scientific method
which of the following statements about punishment is true
punishment is not another term for negative reinforcement
in th context of the human eye (as well as little kitties) the size of the ______ is sensitive emotions
pupil
essay tests are examples of
recall
Each kind of neurotransmitter has a unique chemical structure, and each can fit specifically tailored harbor, also known as a
receptor site
In the context of operant conditioning, when you keep posting comments in social media to receive more "likes" this is an example of
reinforcement
Sofia does not like eating vegetables. To ensure that she eats vegetables, her mother offers her an extra dessert every time Sofia finishes her vegetables. In the context of behaviorism, this is known as
reinforcement
which theory explains hypnotic events in terms of an individual's ability to act as though they are hypnotized
role theory
Nadine works for an accounting firm. She makes enough money for herself and has bought a house with a top-notch security system. In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Nadine has fulfilled her
safety needs
Jiro is 54 years old and is at a point in his life where he is trying to help take care of his aging parents while also assisting his own children. Jiro is part of the
sandwich generation
cassietta has parents that are very affectionate and reliable. When she cries, her parents are attentive and come to her air. It is likely that cassietta has what type of attachment to her parents
secure
Jonah is reading a book in a crowded bus. Some boys sitting near him are talking and laughing loudly. Jonah focuses on reading his book and ignores the noise around him. This scenario illustrates an aspect of consciousness called
selective attention
_______ refers to our ability to bring about desired changes through our own efforts
self efficacy
Simone has been unbeaten in her sport for years. What motivates her to continue innovating with new moves
self-actualization
which of the following is the correct order of Piagets stages of cognitive development
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operation
exposure to very loud sounds can lead to damage of the auditory nerve or hair cells resulting in
sensorineural deafness
After moving to Nebraska, Bobbi did not notice any distracting sounds. As time passes she became more and more aware of the cicadas in her back yard. what is this an example of
sensory (positive) adaptation
Nafeeza is only a few weeks old her mother and father are both talking to her trying to get a reaction. Whose voice is it likely that Nafeeza will prefer
she will prefer her mother voice
In the context of the general adaptation syndrome which of the following statements is true
short-term stress can enhance the functioning of the immune system
according to behaviorists personality is formed by
situational or environmental influences
Mihail suffers from a sleep disturbance that repeatedly wakes him up during the night. He frequently stops sleeping for up to 60 second at a time, half wakes up, starts breathing again, and the returns to sleep. what would be the best diagnosis in this cases
sleep apnea
it is not uncommon for students to stay awake all night to prepare for an exam. If students do this for more than one consecutive night, they may have trouble learning and remembering information. What are they suffering from
sleep deprivation
Kira, an eight-year old girl, sometimes walks in her sleep. She also responds to questions while she is up and about. However, when she wakes up in the morning, she does not remember the incident. In the context of sleep disorders, Kira is exhibiting symptoms of
somnambulism
Labib has been having severe epileptic seizures since a very young age. His seizures have become less frequent since he underwent an operation. However, he has problems expressing what he feels. When he feels happy, his facial expressions often show anger. Labib has most likely undergone a(n) _______ operation.
split-brain
In classical conditioning the term extinction can be misleading because
spontaneous recovery of extinguished conditioned responses can occur
a hypothesis is
statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research
humor helps people cope with stress by
stimulating the output of endorphins
Visual stimuli can be flashed too briefly below our absolute threshold for conscious perception to enable us to process them. This is an example of
subliminal stimulation
which of the following is one of Ekman's (1980) universal emotions
surprise
Narck is driving home from school when an aggressive driver cuts him off and offers him an obscene gesture. What system makes narck's heart race
sympathetic nervous system
The _________ activates the adrenal medulla causing it to release a mixture of adrenaline and noradrenaline during the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome
sympathetic nervous system
Naomi is afraid of dogs. While she is feeling relaxed, her therapist shows her a dog from a distance. The therapist gradually brings the dog closer until Naomi's fear is completely extinguished. In this scenario, which of the following techniques is being used to extinguish Naomi's fear of dogs?
systematic desensitization
Silas has a cold which has caused him to have a stuffy nose Besides nor being able to sell what other senses may be affected
taste
which of the following hormones can heighten the sex drive in women
testosterone
which of the following best represents the role of testosterone in one's sexual orientation
testosterone may have an activating effect on ones sexual desire
which of the following tests is an example of an objective personality trait
the Minnesota multiphase personality inventory
Amaan is 21 years old. He finished his undergraduate studies and found a job. After a few months he quit and joined another firm with a different job description. In the same year he switched apartments more than once with minimal furniture. Which of Jeffery Aenetts five features of emerging adulthood is best depicted in the scenario
the age of instability
Which of Jeffery Arnett's five features of emerging adulthood is characterized by people having an optimistic belief that the world lies open before them
the age of possibilities
in the context of hunger, adaptive thermogenesis causes which of the following effects when someone goes on a diet
the body to burn fewer calories
which of the following is a focus of the psychodynamic theory
the concept of reward and punishment
Anaya is a teenager who has just started wearing braces. She hates going to school anymore because she thinks that everyone is looking at her and laughing. She believes that she must look her best at all times. Which concept of Piaget's adolescent egocentrism is best depicted in this scenario?
the concept of the imaginary audience
in the context of hunger, which of the following statements is true of the blood sugar level
the drop in blood sugar is communicated to the hypothalamus
which of the following is one of Selye's three stages in the general adaptation syndrome
the exhaustion stage
Emma, a college gymnast has been struggling with several injuries in recent years. She has had several fractures and broken bones. Because gymnastics often emphasize thinness, Emma might be suffering from
the female athlete triad
prior to conditioning, Kofi salivates in response to to lasagna being placed in his mouth. using classical conditioning terms, which is the correct labeling of stimuli and responses in this situation
the food is the unconditioned stimulus, Kofi salivating is the unconditioned response
Tom was trying to increase his fitness so that he could join some friends on a long distance hiking trip. he is trying to determine the best exercise plan to get him to that goal. This is an example of
the means- end analysis
The critical factor in state-dependent retrieval is the influence of
the person's mood at the time a memory is encoded and retrieved
Although Crystal had practiced her presentation several times before class, she struggled in the middle part of the speech when she gave it in class. This pattern of forgetting illustrates
the serial-position effect
In the classic story of Pinochio, Jimmy Cricket acts as Pinicchios conciouce. he helps tell him what he should and shouldn't do, guiding him in positive moral decisions. What part of the Freudian psyche does Jimmy Cricket represent
the superego
Julie's research work requires her to interview a sample of 200 people within two months. She needs to gather data about the samples group attitude toward certain situations through a questionnaire but she has limited time to gather the information . Which of the following methods should be recommended for Julie?
the survey method
Which conditions must be met before an ethics committee will approve an experiment that harms animals
there must be no alternative and the benefits justify the harm
which of the following is true of collectivists
they are more likely to conform to group judgements
what is the term for the habituation to a drug that includes the need for increasingly higher doses of the drug to achieve similar effects
tolerance
Which of the following senses is dominant in human beings
touch
the reasonably stable elements of personality that are inferred from behavior can be called
traits
Jordan does not identify with the sex they were assigned at birth. Which term would be used for Jordan in this case
transgender
a person with normal color vision is labeled a
trichromat
Cochlear implants contain microphones that sense sounds and electronic equipment that transmits sounds past damaged hair cells to stimulate the auditory nerve
true
The difference between sensation and perception is that sensation or the stimulation of our senses is an automated process resulting from sources of energy (light and sound) or the presence of chemicals (as in taste and smell) while perception is an active process in which sensations are organized and interoperated to form an inner representation of the world
true
Erikson labeled the first stage of psychosocial development in his theory of personality development as the stage of __________.
trust versus mistrust
people with ________ find it difficult to surrender control or share power
type A personality traits
Bobbie spilled water accidentally on her fathers computer but contrary to Bobbies expectations they did not get grounded. their fat=rther acknowledged that it was a mistake and assured Bobbie that he still loved her despite the unfortunate incident. Bobbies fathers response is an example of
unconditional positive regard
Professor Schwiesow has four students in her class unexpectedly pop balloons resulting in a startle response in most students. in this situation the sound of the popping balloon would be considered as
unconditioned stimulus
according to the psychoanalytic perspective which part of the mind contains primitive instincts such as sex and aggression
unconscious
which term relates to the degree in which a test measures what it is supposed to measure
validity
Ashton works as a server at a local restaurant and he knows that the more tables that he waits on the better the likelihood of more tips. this schedule is a
variable-ration schedule
If you were having trouble with balance it would most likely be a problem with your _________ system
vestibular
dreams experienced during REM tend to be
vivid
the situation in which a child carries out tasks with the help of someone who is more skilled, frequently an adult who represents the culture in which the child develops is called
zone of proximal development
Which theory offers a possible explanation for why we dream about memories or problems from our day
continuity hypothesis
a dog chews one its toy and with each bite the toy squeaks. If the squeaking sound is the reinforcer the dogs response in biting the toy is reinforced by which type of schedule
continuous reinforcement
A(n) _______ expresses the strength and direction (positive or negative) of the relationship between two variables
correlation coefficient
the ability to generate novel and useful solutions to problems is also known as
creativity
____________ is defined as a way of evaluating the claims and comments of other people that involves skepticism and examination of evidence
critical thinking
Kyra, a history major, likes to talk with her grandfather often. She calls him her human dictionary because he knows the meaning of almost every word she asks him about. She is also surprised at how well versed he is in domestic and international current affairs and how easily he can talk about historical events. In this scenario, Kyra's grandfather is best displaying _________.
crystalized intelligence
David was experiencing a lot of stress because he was experiencing some pain in his right foot, the weather was poor, and he owed money to a friend. These types of stress are considered ___________.
daily hassles
the loudness of a sound is expressed in
decibles
the electroencephalograph is a method of
detecting brain waves by means of measuring the current between electrodes placed on the scalp
The Atkinson-Shiffrin model of stages of memory intends to
determine whether and for how long information is retained memory
During a global meditation session, Rachel was asked to picture a green valley under a clear blue sky. She was asked to feel the wind against her face and hear the birds chirping around her. Although none of these stimuli were actually present, Rachel was conscious of them. this scenario illustrates an aspect of consciousness called
direct inner awareness
_______ is the loss of memory of personal information that is thought to stem from psychological conflict or trauma
dissociative amnesia