psych test review

16. A(n) ________is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another. a) independent variable b) dependent variable c) experimental effec d) correlation

d) correlation

1. The goals of psychology are to _______. a) explore the conscious and unconscious functions of the human mind b) understand, compare, and analyze human behavior test c) improve psychological well-being in all individuals from birth until death d) describe, explain, predict, and control behavior

d) describe, explain, predict, and control behavior

10. What type of statistics summarizes research data and provides a typical score for a particular sample? a) measures of variability b) inferential statistics c) measures of central tendency d) distributive mapping

d) distributive mapping

13. Dr. Jones probably agrees with the _______theory of psychology, since he contends that humans are intelligent species due to the fact that intelligence gives us an advantage in the natural world. a) psychoanalytic b) behavioral c) cognitive d) evolutionary

d) evolutionary

15. Which research method involves watching behaviors as they occur without intervening or altering the behaviors in any way? a) case study b) experiment c) correlational studies d) naturalistic observation

d) naturalistic observation

3. Freud would say that phobias are ________whereas Watson would say that phobias are ________. a) learned; inherited b) repressed conflicts; learned c) sexual; unconscious d) conditioned; unconditioned

b) repressed conflicts; learned

11. The question "What is happening?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology? a) description b) explanation c) prediction d) control

a) description

8. A negative correlation means that ________. a) high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other b) high values of one variable are associated with high values of the other c) low values of one variable are associated with low values of the other d) there is no relationship between the two variables

a) high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other

2. Who was an early proponent of functionalism? a) Ivan Pavlov b) William James c)Wilhelm Wundt d) Max Wertheimer.

b) William James

7. A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a ________. a) representative sample b) case study c) single-blind study d) naturalistic observation

b) case study

18. Unintended changes in participants' behavior due to cues inadvertently given by the experimenter are called ________. a) replications b) experimenter effects c) volunteer biases d) single-blind studies

b) experimenter effects

4. Which perspective focuses on free will and self-actualization? a) psychoanalysis b) humanism c) cognitive perspective d) behaviorism

b) humanism

6. When you watch dogs play in the park or watch how your professors conduct their classes, you are engaging in a form of ________. a) case study research b) naturalistic observation c) survey research d) psychometric study

b) naturalistic observation

17. Adaris has always been drawn to the saying "Absence makes the heart grow fonder," and she decides to incorporate this saying into her research project. Adaris is trying to define absence in a way that can be empirically tested. She is attempting to find an appropriate ________. a) hypothesis b) operational definition c) double-blind study d) theory

b) operational definition

5. The class is playing a game of Jeopardy! and it is your turn. "I'll take Specialties in Psychology for $300." The revealed answer is, "These psychological professionals work with situations in which environmental conditions may have an impact on mental health." What will you say? a) "What is a neuropsychologist?" b) "What is a forensic psychologist?" c) "What is a psychiatric social worker?" d) "What is a developmental psychologist?"

c) "What is a psychiatric social worker?"

12. Who claimed that behavior is affected by reinforcement? a) William James b) Sigmund Freud c) B. F. Skinner d) Wilhelm Wundt

c) B. F. Skinner

9. ________is an experiment in which participants do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group, but the experimenters do know which participants are part of which group. a) The double-blind study b) Field research c) The single-blind study d) Correlational research

c) The single-blind study

20. A(n) ________is a table or graph that shows how often different numbers, or scores, appear in a particular set of scores. a) independent variable b) dependent variable c) frequency distribution d) correlation

c) frequency distribution c) frequency distribution

19. Which of the following is another term for a bar graph? a) polygon b) normal curve c) histogram d) scatter plot

c) histogram

14. "Children who watch violent cartoons will become more aggressive." According to the scientific method, this statement is most likely a ________. a) conclusion b) result c) hypothesis d) fact

c) hypothesis