Psychology 101 test 2

sensory memory

Although _____ is rich and detailed, we lose the information in it quickly unless we use certain strategies that transfer it into other memory systems

Concepts

Are mental categories that are used to group objects, events, and characteristics

Immunosuppresion

Classical conditioning can produce______, which is a decrease in the production of antibiotics that can lower a persons ability to fight disease

Mental processes

Cognitive psychology is the study of

grasping the deeper meaning of ideas

Which of the following describes the trait of a critical thinker?

money

_______ is considered a secondary reinforcer

punishment

____is a consequence that decreases that likelihood that a behavior will occur

short-term

a person is most likely to store a seven digit phone number as

cohort effects

are differences between individuals that stem not necessarily from their ages but from the historical and social time period in which they were born and developed

encoding

attention, deep processing, elaboration, and the use of mental imagery are all partsof _______

a fraction of a second to several seconds

how long does information last in sensory memory

A number of people are assessed at one point in time

in a cross-sectional study related to developmental psychology

Generalization

in classical conditioning is the tendency of new stimulus that is similar tot the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response

Stimuli

in classical conditioning, organisms learn the association between two

attention

in observational learning the first process that must occur is

unconditioned stimulus

in pavlovs experiment the dog automatically salivated to food because food is an

nurture

in the context of human development, _______ refers to an individuals environment and social experiences

a loud noise

in the experiment with little albert conducted by watson_______ was used as an unconditional response for conditioning albert to fear a white rat

humility

is a characteristic of good problem solvers

behaviorism

is a theory of learning that focuses solely on observable actions and responses

divided attention

multitasking is an example of

Inductive reasoning

people often form general rules and concepts based on specific experiences and examples

encoding

refers to the process by which information gets into memory storage

memory

refers to the retention of information or experience over time

a reflex

salivation in response to food is an example of

relationships with other people

socioemotional processes involve changes in an individuals

divided attention

the ability to listen to music while reading a magazine indicates

sustained attention

the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time

the availability heuristic

the fact that we hear about airplane crashes on news more often than automobile accidents may lead us to believe that we are more than likely to die in a plane than a car. example of?

conformation bias

the tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them is known as

finding and framing problems

which of the following is the first step in the problem-solving process

heuristics are shortcut strategies

which of the following is true of algorithms and heuristics used for solving real life problems

Concepts provide clues about how to react to a particular object or experience

which of the following is true of concepts

james surfing the web and texting while doing his homework

which of the following scenarios illustrates multitasking