Question Sets 1-6

the mass of a pet turtle that weighs 10 N is approximately

about 1 kg

a bag of groceries has a mass of 10 kilograms and a weight of approximately

about 100 N

an object travels 5 m east in 6 s, stops for 3 s, and then travels 15 m west in 11 s. Its average speed for the entire trip was

1.00 m/s

a equals

1/2 acceleration

kinetic energy equals

1/2mv^2

what is the power rating when lifting a 1.0 kg mass a height of 2.0 m, if it took 2.0 s

10 W

an object is released to fall freely through the air. What is its speed 5.0 seconds after release?

50 m/s

a baseball is tossed upward with an initial velocity of +24 m/s, rises to some high position, and then falls back down to be caught at its original release position. What is the value of its velocity 4 seconds after release?

-16 m/s

a baseball is tossed upward with an initial velocity of +36 m/s, rises to some high position, and then falls back down to be caught at its original release position. What is the value of its velocity 4 seconds after release?

-4 m/s

an apple weighs 1 N. When held at rest above your head, the net force on the apple is

0 N

a baseball is tossed upward with an initial velocity of +36 m/s, rises to some high position, and then falls back down to be caught at its original release position. What is the value of its velocity at its highest point in the air?

0 m/s

an object travels 5 m east in 6 s, stops for 3 s, and then travels 15 m west in 11 s. The magnitude of its average velocity for the entire trip was

0.50 m/s

how much work is done when a horizontal force of 25 N is applied through a distance of 4.0 m, if it took 5.0 s?

100 J

a tow truck exerts a force of 3000 N on a car, accelerating it at 2 meters per second per second. What is the mass of the car?

1500 kg

if a uniformly accelerating object travels 40 cm in 1 second, how far will it travel in 2 seconds?

160 cm

which takes more work - lifting a 10 lb sack of fertilizer 2 feet in 3 s, or lifting it 2 feet in 2 s?

2 feet in 3 sec

how much work is done in lifting a 1.0 kg mass a height of 2.0 m, if it took 2.0 s?

20 J

calculate the gravitational potential energy with respect to the floor of a 10 kg jar of pickles that rests on a shelf 2.0 m above the floor.

200 J

determine the kinetic energy of a 10.0 kg bicycle that is moving with a speed of 20.0 m/s.

2000 J

how much force is needed to pull a block weighing 12 N at a constant speed if the friction coefficient between the block and the surface is 0.25?

3.0 N

a karate chop delivers a blow of 3000 N to a board that breaks. The force that acts on the hand during this event is

3000 N

a karate chop delivers a blow of 3000 N to a board that breaks. The force that acts on the hand during this event is?

3000 N

if a uniformly accelerating object travels 40 cm in 1 second, how far will it travel in 3 seconds?

360 cm

an object's position (in meters) as a function of time (in seconds) is modeled by the equation x(t) = 5t2 + 4t + 2. What was the initial velocity of this object?

4 m/s

two people in a tug-of war pull a piece of rope, each pulls with 400 N of force. What is the tension in the rope?

400 N

a student with a mass of 50.0 kg runs up two flights of stairs in 8.0 sec. The student has gone a vertical distance or 8.0 m. determine the amount of work done by the student to elevate her body to this height. Assume that her speed is constant.

4000 J

a student with a mass of 60.0 kg runs up two flights of stairs in 10.0 sec. The student has gone a vertical distance of 8.0 m. Determine the amount of power exerted by the student to elevate her body to this height. Assume that her speed is constant.

480 W

a student with a mass of 60.0 kg runs up two flights of stairs in 10.0 sec. The student has gone a vertical distance of 8.0 m. Determine the amount of work done by the student to elevate her body to this height. Assume that her speed is constant.

4800 J

an object's position (in meters) as a function of time (in seconds) is modeled by the equation x(t) = 5t + 4. What was the initial velocity of this object?

5 m/s

a student with a mass of 50.0 kg runs up two flights of stairs in 8.0 sec. The student has gone a vertical distance of 8.0 m. Determine the amount of power exerted by the student to elevate her body to this height. Assume that her speed is constant.

500 W

if a car increases its velocity from zero to 60 km/h in 10 seconds, its acceleration is

6 km/h/s

a student with a mass of 80.0 kg runs up two flights of stairs in 10.0 sec. The student has gone a vertical distance of 8.0 m. Determine the amount of power exerted by the student to elevate his body to this height. Assume that his speed is constant.

640 W

a 1-kg mass at the earth's surface weighs approximately

9.8 N

a kilogram is a measure of an object's

almost equal to its weight

a scientific hypothesis can be defined as?

an educated guess or explanation

newton's first law

an object does not accelerate unless acted on by an unbalanced force

an object that is moving to the right with a constant speed can be modeled pictorially by a series of dots that

are evenly spaced

an archer shoots an arrow. Consider the action force to be exerted by the bowstring against the arrow. The reaction to this force is the ______?

arrow's push against the bowstring

average acceleration

change in velocity/time taken

decreasing the length of the simple pendulum will cause its period to ____?

decrease - take less time

an object is tossed upward. As it rises, its kinetic energy ____________ and its gravitational potential energy ____________.

decreases; increases

you hold a ball motionless in your hand. The force of your hand pushing up on the ball is _________ the force of the ball pushing down on your hand.

equal to

you hold an apple in your hand. As you toss it upward, the force of your hand pushing up on the apple is ______ the force of the apple pushing down on your hand.

equal to

you stand on a weight scale in an elevator as it moves upward at a steady rate. The reading on the scale is

equal to your "normal" weight because there is no net force on your body

when people know how scientists go about their work and reach scientific conclusions, and what the limitations of such conclusions are, they are less likely to react thoughtfully to scientific claims and more likely to reject them out of hand or accept them uncritically.

false

you must follow the steps of the scientific method if you want to practice good science.

false

a player hits a ball with a bat. The action force is the impact of the bat against the ball. The reaction to this force is the __________?

force that the ball exerts on the bat

a player catches a ball. Consider the action force to be the impact of the ball against the player's glove. The reaction to this force is the _________?

force the glove exerts on the ball

you hold an apple in our hand. As you toss it upward, the force of your hand pushing up on the apple is __________ the force of the apple pushing down on your hand.

greater than

you hold the ball in your hand. As you toss it upwards, the force of your hand pushing up on the ball is _________ the force of the earth pulling down on the ball.

greater than

on safeguard against undetected bias in an area of study is to

have many different investigators or groups of investigators working in it

a scientist's creative imagination depends in part on...

his or her past experiences and prior knowledge

increasing the length of the pendulum will cause its period to ____?

increase - take more time

c equals

initial position

y intercept equals

initial position

b equals

initial velocity

when the mass of a moving object is doubled, its kinetic energy...

is doubled

when the mass of a moving object is doubled, its kinetic energy?

is doubled

when the net force on an object is zero, its acceleration

is zero

an object has no net force acting on it. We can correctly conclude that

it is not accelerating

the metric unit for work is the ___________.

joule

weight in newtons equals

kg x 10 m/s

newton's second law

law of acceleration - a net force causes an object to accelerate in the direction of the force and is directly proportional to the acceleration and inversely proportional to the objects mass

newton's third law

law of interaction - for every action, there's an equal and opposite reaction

a force is a vector quantity because it has both

magnitude and direction

weight equals

mass x acceleration

science can be described as the process of?

model building

in which case would you have the largest mass of gold? If your chunk of gold weighed 1 N on the

moon

a positive displacement implies that an object

moved in the positive direction

the spring scales we use in our lab can measure mass accurately

on the earth only

x(t) equals

position

y coordinate

position

joe pushes Bill, who is asleep. Bill_________?

pushes joe equally hard even without waking up

joe pushed Bill when he's asleep. Bill

pushes now equally hard even without waking up

if velocity and acceleration have different signs then

speed is decreasing

if velocity and acceleration have same sign then

speed is increasing

the faster an object travels, the ____________________ its "Distance vs Time" graph will be.

steeper

what does friction not depend on

surface area and how hard you pull it

which of the following is not an aspect of the nature of science

the goal of science is to discover the laws of nature

a sheet of paper can be withdrawn from under a container of milk without toppling it if the paper is jerked quickly. This best demonstrates that

the milk carton has inertia

if more horizontal force is applied to a sliding object than is needed to maintain a constant velocity,

the object accelerates in the direction of the applied force

a rock weighs 30 N on Earth. A second rock weighs 30 N on the moon. Which of the two rocks has the greater mass?

the one on the moon

the attraction of a person's body toward the Earth is called weight. The reaction to this force __________?

the person's body pulling on the earth

a car and a much heavier truck collide. The heavier truck is moving much faster than the car when they collide. Each puts a force on the other one. The force of the car on the truck is __________ the force of the truck on the car.

the same as

a car and a much heavier truck collide. The heavier truck is standing still when the car hits it. Each puts a force on the other one. The force of the truck on the car is _________ the force of the car on the truck.

the same as

a small car breaks down out on the road and receive a push back to town by a large truck. While the truck, still pushing the car, is at cruising speed and continues to travel at the same speed, the force of the truck on the car is __________________ to the force of the car on the truck

the same as

a small car breaks down out on the road and receives a push back to town by a large truck. While the truck is pushing on the car, but not hard enough to make the car move, the force of the truck on the car is__________ to the force of the car on the truck?

the same as

a small car breaks down out on the road and receives push back to town by a large truck. While the truck, still pushing the car, is at cruising speed and continues to travel at the same speed, the force of the truck on the car is _________ to the force of the car on the truck.

the same as

one-way of describing the difference between scientific theories and scientific laws is that __________________.

theories explain and laws describe

x coordinate

time

average velocity

total displacement/total time

average speed

total distance/total time

children should start learning about scientific studies and the nature of science as soon as they enter school

true

it is possible for scientists to look at the same evidence and reach different conclusions regarding its meaning

true

no matter how well one theory explains a set of observations, it is possible that another theory may fit just as well or better, or may fit a still wider range of observations.

true

science as an enterprise has individual, social, and institutional dimensions

true

scientific evidence can be biased in how the data are interpreted

true

scientists assume that there is a way to secure complete and absolute truth.

true

scientists reject the notion of attaining absolute truth and accept some uncertainty as part of nature

true

there are many matters that cannot usefully be examined in a scientific way

true

there is no fixed set of steps that scientists always follow, no one path leads tem unerringly to scientific knowledge

true

when people know how scientists go about their work and reach scientific conclusions, and what the limitations of such conslusions are, they are more likely to reach thoughtfully to scientific claims and less likely to reject them out of hand or accept them uncritically.

true

an object is propelled along a straight-line path by a force. If the net force were doubled, the object's acceleration would be

twice as much

slope equals

velocity

a mack truck and a Volkswagen traveling at the same speed have a head-on collision. The vehicle that undergoes the greatest change in velocity will be the _________?

volkswagen

the metric unit for power is the __________.

watt

what does friction depend on

weight

work (J) equals

weight (N) x height

weight in kg equals

weight in pounds/2.2

when faced with a claim that something is true, scientists respond by asking...

what evidence supports it

power (W) equals

work/time

an object that remains stationary at the 5 m position can be modeled mathematically by which equation?

x(t) = 5