questions

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)

federal agency et up by Congress in 1932 to provide emergency government credit to banks, railroads and other large businesses.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)-

government agency created during the New Deal that insures bank deposits, guaranteeing that depositors' money will be safe.

ennessee Valley Authority (TVA)-

government agency created during the New Deal to build dams in the Tennessee River Valley to control flooding and generate electric power

Bonus Army-

group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington D.C., in 1932 to demand army payment of a bonus promised to them by Congress.

Fireside Chats

informational radio broadcasts in which FDR explained his view of issues at hand (including the Great Depression, New Deal programs, and World War II) to average Americans

two criticisms of FDR's New Deal, from different sides of the political spectrum.

Conservatives complained that it made the federal government too powerful by contending that the government was telling business hoe to operate, spending large sums of money and piling up a huge national debt. They also argued that it destroyed free enterprise and undermined individualism. Some leading socialists charged that the New Deal did not do enough to end the depression and claimed that FDR's only concern was saving the banking system and ensuring profits for big business.

trickle-down economics-

economic theory that holds that financial benefits given to banks and large business will trickle down to smaller businesses and consumers.

Hoover handle the Bonus Army march well? Use primary and secondary sources

He called for General MacArthur and federal troops to "surround the affected area and clear it without delay". MacArthur exceeded his order by using tear gas and fixing bayonets. They were using the Army against THEIR OWN VETERANS.

Hoover prefer to give money to railroads, banks, and large businesses rather than individuals

He resisted using federal resources to provide direct relief to individuals believing it to be unconstitutional. Hoover also opposed public assistance and instead favored "rugged individualism" which allowed people to better themselves through their own effort

assumptions did Hoover have about the people affected by the depression and the forces that caused the depression

Hoover viewed the upswings and downswings of business cycles s natural occurrences and let that the government should not interfere with them, and they will get better on their own. He also believed he could persuade Americans to act in the best interests of the country as a whole, rather than in their own best interests. He thought localism would work, but tons and states did not have enough resources to combat the crisis.

did Roosevelt consider Huey Long a serious political threat, Use evidence from primary and secondary sources to make an inference.

Huey Long was considered a serious political threat because he was a very popular critic of the New Deal who was an expert performer whose folksy speeches delighted audiences. He approached solving the depression with his "Share Our Wealth" program that proposed high taxes on the wealthy and are corporations and the redistribution of the income to poor Americans. In addition, a poll taken in1935 estimated that Long could have attracted up to 4 million votes in the 1936 presidential election. His candidacy could have drawn votes away from Roosevelt, damaging his chances.

How was Franklin D. Roosevelt's approach to fighting the depression different than Herbert Hoover's approach

It was different than Herbert Hoover's approach because he believed that the federal government needed to play an active role in promoting recovery and providing relief to Americans rather than zero involvement, in the case of Herbert Hoover.

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

New Deal agency that promoted economic recovery by regulating production, prices, and wages

Public Works Administration (PWA)-

New Deal agency that provided millions of jobs constructing public buildings as well as airports, dams, and bridges

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

New Deal program that provided young men with relief jobs on environmental conservation projects, including reforestation and flood control

FDR's New Deal established many important, far-reaching programs. List and explain two programs that still impact the U.S. government today

One New Deal program that still impacts U.S. government today is the National Recovery Administration (NRA) which promoted economic recovery by regulating production, prices and wages. Another New Deal program is the Public Works Administration which provided millions of jobs constructing public buildings as well as airports dams and bridges.

the idea behind the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). What were the goals, advantages, and disadvantages of this act

The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) sought to end overproduction and raise crop prices. To accomplish this, the AAA provided financial aid, paying farmers subsidies to cut production and forego planting on some of their land. However, some farmers didn't qualify for this program and the increase in farm prices also raised the price of food. The AAA left many tenant farmers unemployed while large landowners took the land they were farming out of production.

role did Eleanor Roosevelt play as First Lady

Throughout his presidency, FDR suffered from polio and relied heavily on his wife Eleanor. She traveled widely, interacting with the American people and serving as his "eyes and ears."

Roosevelt shaking hands with a farmer and the photo of Eleanor Roosevelt talking to a little girl in this section. How did photos like this affect Americans' perceptions of Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt

approachable and friendly. It gave the American people a sense of friendship or camaraderie unlike the cold withdrawn sense of Herbert Hoover's minimal interaction.

Douglas MacArthur

commanded American troops in World War I, where he developed a reputation for bravery. As supreme commander of Allied forces in the Pacific, he accepted Japan's surrender to end World War II. In 1950, he became commander of UN forces in the Korean War. He retired after his controversial removal from command 1951, following a dispute with President Harry Truman.

Hoover Dam

dam on the Colorado River that was built during the Great Depression.

localism

policy relied on by Herbert Hoover in the early years of the Great Depression, whereby local and state governments act as primary agents of economic relief.

New Deal

programs and legislation pushed by FDR during the Great Depression to promote economic recovery and social reform.

Fraklin D. Roosevelt

served as an assistant secretary the Navy before running unsuccessfully for Vice President on the Democratic ticket in 1920. Stricken with polio the following year, recovered to resume his political career as governor of New York. Elected President in 1932, he lead the nation through the Great Depression and World War II before dying in office in 1945.

Charles Coughlin

served as pastor of Catholic church in Michigan from 1926 to 1966. He won a huge audience in the 1930s for his radio broadcasts, first supporting President Roosevelt's New Deal and later opposing it as he adopted ultraconservative views. Coughlin vocally opposed U.S. entrance into World War II after he begun making anti-Semitic remarks, Catholic officials ordered him to stop broadcasting in 1942.

Huey Long

was elected governor of Louisiana in 1928, where he won a wide following by providing reforms to help the poor during the depression. While serving in the U.S. Senate (1932-1935), he became a vocal critic of Roosevelt's New Deal and called for a redistribution of the nation's wealth. In 1935, he announced his plan to run for President but was assassinated that same year.

Eleanor Roosevelt

was the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. With FDR's election as President in 1932, Eleanor Roosevelt became a public figure in her own right, traveling the country promoting the causes of helping children, and the poor. After her husband's death, she served as a U.S. delegate to the UN, focusing on human rights and women's issues.