Quiz 1 ob

What phrase is used when the ureters pass under the uterine arteries on their way to the bladder ?

"Yellow water under red bridge"

Menarchal uterine size

10 cm cube

What is the length of the fallopian tubes? *hint centimeters

10-12 cm in length

premenarchal uterine size

3 cm cube

Postmenopausal uterine size

6 cm cube

What is the diameter of the fallopian tubes? *hint millimeter

8-10 mm

_____-Longest segment where fertilization occurs. Length: 5 cm​

Ampulla

The most common position of the uterus is _____. (non-distended bladder)

Anterverted Anteflexed

How do you measure the endometrium? (do not include fluid between layer)

Basal to basal (hyperechoic to hyperechoic/ leading ledge to leading edge)

_____-Lies between the fundus and the cervix/neck and is the largest portion containing uterine cavity.

Body (corpus) ​

What 2 ligament anchor down the cervix?

Cardinal ligaments Uterosacral ligaments

_____-Lower cylindrical portion of the uterus

Cervix

List parts of the uterus(5): (refer to ppt slide 28 image)

Cervix​ Isthmus (neck, lower uterine segment)​ Corpus (body)​ Fundus​ Cornua​

_____-Long axis of the uterine Body/Fundus deviated towards the right of the midline​

Dextroversion

What are the 3 types of estrogen?

Estradiol Estrone Estriol​

What are the 2 layers of the cervix?

Exocervix Endocervix

_____-Pair of coiled, muscular tubes

Fallopian tubes

Function:​ The Ovaries or Female Gonads are the primary reproductive organ in the female​ Dual purpose:

Female Gamete production​ Sex hormones production

____-Stimulates follicular growth and maturation

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Where does the right ovarian vein drain?

IVC

List all the names for the imaginary line from the sacral promontory(3):

Iliopectineal Innominated line Linea terminalis

What organs are located @ the false pelvis(2)?

Illeum Sigmoid colon

list the muscles of the false pelvis(3):

Illiopsoas Iliacus Psoas major

_____-Stimulates ovulation of mature follicle

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

_____-Low estrogen and progesterone levels ​caused by ischemia of the spiral arteries​

Menstrual phase (days 1-5)

_____-upper fold that drapes over the Fallopian tubes

Mesosalpinx

_____-posterior reflection that attaches to the ovary

Mesovarium

sexual cells gametes that has ONLY 23 chromosomes

Metosis

_____-somatic cells that has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs of chromosomes/ diploid/ 2n)

Mitosis

Uterus, fallopian tubes and upper third of the vagina are formed by fusion of the _____.

Mullerian ducts

List the muscle of the true pelvis:

Obturator Internus muscles​ Piriformis muscles ​ Pelvic diaphragm muscles​

_____-Serves as tendinous attachment for levator ani muscle​. Found on the anterolateral walls of the true pelvis.

Obturator internus muscle

What organs are located @ the true pelvic(6)?

Pelvic colon Rectum Bladder Uterus Ovaries Adnexae

Most dependant space in the pelvis cavity​

Posterior cul de sac

List the group of muscles for the levator ani(3):

Puborectalis muscles​ Pubococcygeus muscles​ Iliococcygeus muscles

List the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall(4):

Rectus abdominis muscles (anteriorly)​ External Oblique ​ Internal Oblique ​ Transversus abdominis muscles (anterolaterally)

_____-anchor to the labia majora​ Tilt the uterus anteriorly

Round ligaments​

The bony pelvis is composed of 4 bones:

Sacrum & coccyx (forms the posterior wall)​ 2 innominate (coxal) bones

_____-Posterior to the Pubic symphysis and anterior to the urinary bladder​

Space of Retzius

_____-Collapsed muscular tube​

Vagina

Vesico-uterine pouch or vesico-uterine recess​

anterior cul de sac

Adenohypophysis is also known as ____

anterior pituitary gland

Landmark: ovaries are _____to Internal Iliac vessels

anteromedial

The ovarian artery originate from _____.

aorta

rectro-

backward

What layer of the endometrium remains intact during menses​?

basal layer

_____-double fold of the peritoneum. Incompletely divides the true pelvis into anterior and posterior regions​.

broad ligament

At the lateral borders of the fundus are the _____ , at which the fallopian tubes enter the uterine cavity​

cornua

The ovarian and uterine artery anastomose (join) at the _____.

cornua

_____-contains the ovarian follicles

cortex

_____-Innermost layer of the uterus​ Highly vascular, mucous membrane lining the endometrial/uterine cavity

endometrium

_____-stimulates the endometrial growth and proliferation

estrogen

follicle secretes

estrogen

The lower end of the cervix is the _____ cervical os.

external

FSHRF

follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor

What ovarian phase does 3 line sign occur?

follicular phase

ante-

forward

What layer of the endometrium shred with menses?

functional layer

The widest and most superior portion of the uterus?

fundus

______covers the surface of the ovary

germinal epithelium

List the ovary layer outer to inner for

germinal epithelium tunica albuginea cortex medulla

Hypothalamus secretes

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

The false pelvis is also known as _____(2).

greater or major pelvis

Internal iliac is also known as ____

hypogastric artery

The true pelvis is the most _____ portion.

inferior

The upper end of the cervix is _____ cervical os.

internal

Where does the uterine artery arise from?

internal iliac artery

What uterine phase does 3 line sign occur?

late proliferative phase (day 10-13)

Where does the the LEFT ovarian vein drain?

left renal vein

The true pelvis is also known as _____(2).

lesser or minor pelvis

_____-muscle composing the pelvic floor

levator ani

_____-the term used for the isthmus(neck) of the uterus during pregnancy

lower uterine segment

LHRF

luteinizing hormone releasing factor

_____-Contains blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves

medulla

The reproductive and urinary systems are intimately associated in origin, they both develop from _____.

mesoderm

"If an ovary is twice the average volume expected for the age, or twice the size of its contralateral, a _____ should be suspected"

neoplasm

Arcuate artery are located between ______ & _____ layers

outer; intermediate

What is the main source of blood supply for the ovary? What artery is another source?

ovarian artery; uterine artery

The area below to the pelvic floor is the _____.

perineum

Ovaries are not covered by _____.

peritoneum

Vaginal fornices: Anterior, Posterior and 2 lateral.​ The _____ vaginal wall attaches higher on the cervix than the anterior.

posterior

_____-increase after ovulation. Induce the endometrial glands to become secretory

progesterone

corpus luteum secretes

progesterone

What feed the functional layer of the endometrium?

spiral arteries

What feed the basal layer of the endometrium?

straight arteries

The false pelvis is _____ portion.

superior

True/ False: In absence of pathology the fallopian tubes are not visualized with ultrasound​ Only visualized with ultrasound if there is pathology

true

_____-Hollow, pear-shaped muscular organ

uterus

What formula is used to find volume for the ovaries?

volume= length x width x height x 0.523

Deep basal layer also known as ______

zona basalis

​ Superficial functional layer also known as _____

zona functionalis

_____-Widest portion. Ends as fingerlike projections called fimbriae​

Infundibulum

_____-Proximal portion. Enters the cornua. Length: 1 cm​

Interstitial (intramural)

_____-Narrow segment of the Fallopian tube. Length: 1 cm

Isthmus

_____-Long axis of the uterine Body/Fundus deviated towards the left of the midline​

Levoversion