Quiz 13 The Male Pelvis

What disorder of the scrotum presents with increased levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone in patients with a history of adrenal hyperplasia?

Adrenal rests

How does blood drain from the testicles?

The pampiniform plexus empties into the RT and LT testicular veins; then the RT testicular vein drains into the IVC and the LT drains into the LT renal vein.

A 90-year-old patient presents with painless bilateral scrotal swelling over a period of 2 years. What findings should the sonographer anticipate?

Thickened scrotal wall with bilateral hydrocele

Which of the following is not consistent with testicular torsion?

Acute testicular pain localized to the superior pole of the testis is the main clinical finding for testicular torsion.

What is the most inferior structure in the male pelvis?

Bladder

A 65-year-old male patient presents with nocturia, increased urinary frequency, constant feeling of bladder fullness, and elevated PSA. What is most likely demonstrated on ultrasound?

Enlarged diffusely heterogeneous gland with calcifications and cystic changes

A sonogram revealed a heterogeneous mass within the scrotum that demonstrates peristalsis. What pathology does this describe?

Inguinal hernia

Which of the following is a false statement about sonography of the penis?

Peyronie disease can be diagnosed when thickening of the tunica albuginea is filled with anechoic fluid.

What is the endocrine function of the testis?

Production of testosterone

A 60-year-old male patient presents with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA), macroscopic hematuria, and a decrease in the amount of ejaculated fluid. Sonogram demonstrates a hypervascular enlarged prostate gland. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Prostate cancer

What part of the testicle produces sperm?

Seminiferous tubules

What is the most common cancer found in a patient with cryptorchidism?

Seminoma

How is testicular echotexture described?

The testicles are isoechoic to each other and similar to that of the thyroid gland.

A 35-year-old male patient presents with infertility and a palpable extratesticular mass on the LT side. Sonogram demonstrates multiple anechoic tubular structures in the LT adjacent to the testicle. What can the sonographer suggest to help solidify the diagnosis?

Valsalva maneuver will cause the veins to fill with blood and become more dilated with increased blood flow.