Quiz #5 questions

If a biochemist discovers a new molecule, which of the following pieces of data would allow her to draw the conclusion that the molecule is a steroid hormone? I) The molecule is lipid soluble. II) The molecule is derived from a series of steps beginning with cholesterol. III) The molecule acts at a target tissue some distance from where it is produced. IV) The molecule uses a carrier protein when in an aqueous solution such as blood.

I, II, III, and IV

Your sister-in-law never gets sick, while her male neighbor seems to be sick all the time. Although there are several explanations for this, one is that they are genetically different. Which of the following hypotheses concerning genetic inheritance of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is consistent with this observation and your understanding of the immune system?

In the case of MHC, it is beneficial to have as many different alleles as possible, so heterozygous individuals are healthier than homozygous dominant or recessive individuals.

If you were developing artificial B-cell receptors (BCRs) based on the natural version and wanted to change the BCRs' ability to bind certain antigens, which region of the natural receptor would you alter?

amino terminus of light and heavy chains

A patient complaining of watery, itchy eyes and sneezing after being given a flower bouquet as a birthday gift should first be treated with _____.

antihistamines

Where is the vas Deferens located?

comes up from the testes/epididymis (letter D on quiz diagram)

An advantage of asexual reproduction is that it _____.

enables the species to rapidly colonize habitats that are favorable to that species

The hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells, and the organ where this hormone is synthesized, are _____.

erythropoietin and kidney, respectively

Analysis of a blood sample from a fasting individual who had not eaten for twenty-four hours would be expected to reveal high levels of _____.

glucagon

Bat echolocation (sonar) is most closely related to which human sensory system?

hearing

A boy falls while riding his bike. A scrape on his hand almost immediately begins to bleed and becomes red, warm, and swollen. What response is occurring?

inflammatory response

Where is the prostate gland located?

just below the bladder, produces seminal fluid (letter B on quiz diagram)

How does the immune system of vertebrates utilize a chemical concentration gradient?

macrophages release chemokines, which creates a gradient that leads leukocytes to the infection site

The umami receptor in the sense of taste detects _____.

monosodium glutamate

Which of the following statements are correct? I) Hormones often regulate homeostasis through antagonistic functions. II) Hormones of the same chemical class usually have the same function. III) Hormones are secreted by specialized cells usually located in exocrine glands. IV) Hormones are often regulated through feedback loops.

only I and IV

Damage to sensory receptor cells would most likely result in _____. I) hallucinations II) inaccurate integration of sensory information III) an inability to detect sensory information

only III

When antibodies bind antigens, the clumping of antigens results from _____.

the antibody having at least two binding regions

A key part of the humoral immune response is _____.

the production of antibodies by plasma cells

For the successful development of a vaccine to be used against a pathogen, it is necessary that _____.

the surface antigens of the pathogen stay the same

In male mammals, excretory and reproductive systems share the _____.

urethra

The perceived pitch of a sound depends on _____.

which region of the basilar membrane was set in motion