Quiz 8

Which of the following steps can be taken to reduce the impact of stereotype threat on students who are taking a standardized test to determine what college to which they might be admitted to? Select one: a. making sure that difficult questions always come before easy questions b. making sure that easy questions always come before difficult questions c. removing questions that ask students for their race d. adding questions that ask students for their race

C

Kim has an IQ of only 85 but can perform amazing feats of memory, such as memorizing the contents of over nine thousand books. A person like Kim, who has a low IQ but shows extraordinary ability in some intelligent process, is known as a Select one: a. genius. b. savant. c. prodigy. d. cognitive elite.

B

The sound of the word "cow" is aNo __________ for a cow, whereas the sound of the word "moo" is aNo __________ for the sound a cow makes. Select one: a. symbolic representation; analogical representation b. analogical representation; symbolic representation c. exemplar; prototype d. prototype; exemplar

A

Bliss is hooked on a horror television series about serial killers. Based on the number of programs that she has watched, she decides that she is likely to be victimized by a serial killer and purchases an expensive home security system. Bliss is demonstrating Select one: a. the availability heuristic. b. the representativeness heuristic. c. the illusory correlation. d. counterfactual thinking.

A

Coleman has an IQ of 130 and tends to do very well in school. This suggests that which of the following is true about IQ tests as measures of intelligence? Select one: a. IQ tests are valid. b. IQ tests are reliable. c. IQ tests are consistent. d. IQ tests are unbiased.

A

Courtney is a highly intelligent person and also a successful attorney. She is thankful that both of her parents not only had very high IQs but also gave her an experience-filled and educationally rich childhood. Generally speaking, Courtney's high intelligence can be attributed to the Select one: a. contributions of nature and nurture. b. impact of affluence on IQ and on occupational success. c. benefits of having involved parents. d. quality of her childhood teachers.

A

Imani is about 4 miles away from her office when her car gets a flat tire and she has to pull to the side of the road. She now starts thinking of how she can get her car fixed and get to work on time. Imani is engaged in the process of Select one: a. problem solving. b. decision making. c. using an algorithm. d. using a heuristic.

A

Jonah is trying to solve a new word problem in his math class. Instead of using words, he draws a picture to represent the different parts of the problem and then he is able to solve it using the graphic information. Jonah overcame obstacles by __________ to solve this problem. Select one: a. using restructuring b. using insight c. overcoming functional fixedness d. overcoming a mental set

A

Mr. Wong, a high school teacher, tells his class that he thinks boys tend to be less anxious and thus make better speeches than girls do. Afterward, the girls in his class become apprehensive when preparing and giving speeches in his class. The girls are experiencing a Select one: a. stereotype threat. b. mental set. c. schema. d. confirmation bias.

A

Punit is an excellent trumpeter who plays any new music he is given without errors. Punit most likely has exceptional musical intelligence according to which theory of intelligence? Select one: a. multiple intelligences b. general intelligence c. practical intelligence d. fluid intelligence

A

Sarah and Imani strike up a conversation while sitting next to each other on an airplane. Imani thinks Sarah is very intelligent and knowledgeable. When Sarah tells Imani that she works at an elementary school, Imani assumes that Sarah is a teacher, but Sarah is actually the secretary. Imani used which of the following to form her incorrect conclusion? Select one: a. the representativeness heuristic b. the availability heuristic c. an algorithm d. framing

A

Keoh is studying for a test tomorrow, and he knows the teacher will ask for the definition of "intelligence". Which of the following details should he NOT include in his definition? Select one: a. the ability to make sense of events b. the motivation to be successful in life c. the capacity to understand complex ideas d. the tendency to adapt to environmental challenges

B

Charles Spearman viewed intelligence as having one underlying factor, which he called which kind of intelligence? Select one: a. fluid b. general c. crystallized d. practical

B

Rhiannon wants to get a pet. She is considering several options, including a dog, cat, rabbit, ferret, and guinea pig, all of which she thinks would be good pets. Rhiannon's thinking shows that she is categorizing the concept of "pet" in a way that is consistent with the __________ model. Select one: a. stereotype b. exemplar c. framing d. prototype

B

The word "oboe" refers to a woodwind instrument that is played in a band or an orchestra. The letters o-b-o-e, however, do not specifically tell you what an oboe is. The word "oboe" is an example of aNo __________ representation of this musical instrument. Select one: a. heuristic b. symbolic c. algorithmic d. analogical

B

When Lauren visits her grandfather she loves walking with him because he names all of the species of trees and plants that they see. When Lauren's grandfather recalls these facts he is demonstrating __________ intelligence. Select one: a. intrapersonal b. crystallized c. fluid d. analytical

B

Your friend Dave has concluded that the rock band U2 is the greatest band of all time. If you carefully consider the information that would test the validity of this claim, you are engaging in a form of thought called Select one: a. decision making. b. reasoning. c. logic. d. problem solving.

B

uring a trip to the north, Rodrigo wrote to Larissa about the first time he saw snow falling. To do so, he pictured it in his mind to recall the experience. When he wrote to her, he used the word "snowfall" for the first time. Rodrigo picturing the snow is an example of aNo __________ representation. In Rodrigo's letter, the word "snowfall" is aNo __________ representation. Select one: a. symbolic; analogical b. analogical; symbolic c. abstract; concrete d. concrete; abstract

B

According to the notion of general intelligence, if Cici is very good at math, how would you expect her to do in other subjects, such as writing? Select one: a. She will perform worse at writing than math. b. She will perform better at writing than math. c. She will perform relatively as well in writing as she does in math. d. Since they are two completely different subjects, it is not possible to say.

C

Butch was recently rear-ended by a woman in a parking lot. Later his best friend tells him that he, too, was recently in an accident in which a woman driver was at fault. Based on these experiences, Butch develops a __________ about female drivers that includes the belief that __________. Select one: a. prototype; most women are bad drivers b. concept; these two women are bad drivers c. stereotype; all women are bad drivers d. category; all women are bad drivers

C

Lewis completes a test that assesses his current skills and knowledge. Alice completes a test that assesses her ability to learn in the future. In these examples, Lewis has probably completed an __________ test and Alice has completed an __________ test. Select one: a. aptitude; achievement b. aptitude; ability c. achievement; aptitude d. intelligence; ability

C

Pam and Jaquan are going to drive from New York to Los Angeles, where they will attend college, and they have decided to break the trip up into several shorter days of driving instead of trying to drive all the way without stopping. They plan to stop in Chicago, Denver, and Las Vegas, before reaching Los Angeles on the fourth day. If they are successful then Pam and Jaquan will reach their goal by having used the problem solving method of Select one: a. analogies. b. sudden insight. c. subgoals. d. working backward. Feedback

C

Demetrius, a 10-year-old, is taking the original Stanford-Binet intelligence test. If he consistently answers questions correctly at the level of a 12-year-old, then according to Wilhelm Stern's original scoring method, Demetrius's intelligence quotient is Select one: a. 100. b. 110. c. 80. d. 120.

D

Dora scored high on an intelligence test. Further testing will possibly find all of the following except Select one: a. a larger-than-average brain. b. above-average working memory. c. fast reaction times. d. a short attention span.

D

Jasmine is very good at identifying and understanding the emotions of others. These skills make her very good at her job as a therapist. Jasmine is probably high in which kind of intelligence? Select one: a. fluid b. practical c. analytical d. emotional

D

Jason is stuck on a math problem that he can't seem to solve even after going over his computations multiple times. He decides to take a break and come back to it after dinner. While eating, the key to the solution suddenly comes to him. This is called aNo Select one: a. counterfactual conclusion. b. faulty heuristic. c. mental set. d. insight.

D

Karina loves oranges and apples. Both are __________ for the category of __________. Select one: a. exemplars; plants b. prototypes; fruit c. prototypes; food d. exemplars; fruit

D

Marvin feels that all people who wear glasses are very smart and love to read. He does not stop to consider that some people may have medical conditions that contribute to needing glasses. It seems that Marvin's thinking about people with glasses is based on a Select one: a. category. b. concept. c. schema. d. stereotype.

D

Ming's computer crashed suddenly the other day. Ming kept trying the same solution that worked the last few times his computer crashed, even though it did not fix his computer. Ming's failure to solve this problem is most likely due to Select one: a. failure to develop an appropriate analogy. b. restructuring. c. functional fixedness. d. a mental set.

D

When Annaliese takes a job qualification exam to work in a science lab, she becomes aware that she is the ONLY woman in a room of 20 people who are taking the exam. She becomes anxious about women being regarded as less capable in sciences, and then she does not do as well on the test as she otherwise might have. In this situation it is most likely that Annaliese has been impacted by Select one: a. poor reliability of the exam. b. formal reasoning. c. discrimination bias. d. stereotype threat.

D