Quizzes

What would be synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum? a. Nuc. Proteins b. Cytoskeleton proteins c. Transmembrane proteins receptors d. mRNAs

C

Which process is an example of the first law of thermodynamics in action? a. Energy is created by cells during ATP synthesis b. Some energy is released as heat during metabolic processes. c. Light energy is transformed into chemical energy during photosynthesis d. As monomers combine into polymers, the disorder inside the cell decreases

C: Light energy is transformed into chemical energy during photosynthesis.

The language of nucleic acid is converted to the language of amino acids during the process of? a. Replication b. Central Dogma c. Translation d. Transcription

C: Translation

An area of a polypeptide that bends in a particular way, relatively independent of the rest of the molecule, is a folding: a. Segmant b. Domain c. Lariat d. Exon e. Region

B

For a folding domain that forms a sort of "fist" with certain amino acid R groups buried within and other R groups facing out, the hydrophobic R groups mainly face "out" and the hydrophilic R groups mainly face "in." a. True b. False

B

If the first base pair G-C (highlighted) is changed to T-A, what would the resulting nucleotide be in the mRNA? a. C b. A c. T d. G e. U

B

In a protein-coding region of DNA, a mutation that replaces a single nucleotide, but does not change the resulting amino acid, is likely to be: a. at the 5' position in a codon of the transcribed mRNA. b. at the 3' position in a codon of the transcribed mRNA. c. at any position in a codon of the transcribed mRNA. d. None of the other answer options is correct. e. at the middle position in a codon of the transcribed mRNA

B

In a protein-coding region of DNA, any mutation that replaces a single nucleotide for another will replace any amino acid with any other amino acid. a. True B. False

B

Myosin is a motor protein for? a. vimentin b. microfilaments c. Intermediate filaments d. microtubules

B

Purified phospholipids mixed in water will only form membranes if the appropriate enzyme is present. a. True b. False

B

Sequence that describes path traveled by proteins when it first start to be translated to it release from the cell? a. cytosol → Golgi → ER → vesicle → plasma membrane → external environment b. cytosol → ER → Golgi → vesicle → plasma membrane → external environment c. plasma membrane → ER → vesicle → Golgi → cytosol → external environment d. nucleus → ER → Golgi → vesicle → plasma membrane → external environment e. nuclear envelope → ER → vesicle → Golgi → plasma membrane → external environment

B

Two of the main ingredients in plant fertilizer are phosphorus and nitrogen. These elements are found in which classes of biomolecules? a. proteins and carbohydrates b. DNA and proteins c. lipids and carbohydrates d. carbohydrates and DNA

B

Which type of cellular junction permits the movement of substances from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell? a. Adherens b. Gap c. Tight D. Desmosomes

B

You want to translate a polycistronic bacterial mRNA in eukaryotic cells. You remove all stop codons except the last stop codon in the bacterial DNA before inserting it into the genome of a eukaryotic cell. Can you get a functional protein using this method? a. Yes b. No

B

A template DNA strand contains the sequence 5'-ATGCTGAC-3'. The corresponding sequence in the RNA transcript is: a. 5'-GUCAGCAU-3'. b. 5'-UACGACUG-3' c. 5'-TACGACTG-3 d. 5'-GTCAGCAT-3'

A

In the sequence 5'-AGGCCT-3', an available phosphate group would be found at the nucleotide labeled "A." a. True b. False

A

The association of individual water molecules with other water molecules is called _____ and occurs through _____ bonds between water molecules. a. cohesion; hydrogen b. adhesion; hydrogen c. adhesion; polar covalent d. cohesion; polar covalent

A

The poly(A) sequence that is added to RNA during processing: a. helps prevent rapid breakdown of the messenger RNA. b. is needed for ribosomes to attach to messenger RNA. c. aids in the accuracy of translation of the messenger RNA into protein d. helps prevent formation of complex three-dimensional structures in the messenger RNA

A

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is referred to as its primary structure. a. true b. False

A

What is the best characterization of the minus end of a dynamic filament? a. Lengthens more slowly then plus end b. Lengthen quicker but can lose subunits c. Lengthens more quickly d. It loses subunits

A

Which of the following statements about amino acids is correct? a. The bridge between cysteines, which connects parts of a protein, is a stable covalent interaction. b. Every amino acid is asymmetric. c. At typical cellular pH, the R groups of basic amino acids are negatively charged. d. A turn or kink in a protein is more likely to be induced by a glycine than by a proline. e. The more asparagines that are found in a polypeptide's primary sequence, the more flexible the backbone of that polypeptide.

A

Which of the statements is true regarding atomic mass? a. The atomic mass can be used to differentiate between isotopes of the same element. b. The atomic mass is defined as the sum of electrons and neutrons in an atom. c. The atomic mass is synonymous with the atomic number. d. The atomic mass is calculated by adding the total number of electrons, protons, and neutrons in an atom.

A

Whichever DNA strand is transcribed, the RNA polymerase reads the template strand from 3' to 5'. a. True b. False

A

_________ is not a cellular function associated with microtubules. a. Muscle contraction b. Movement of cilia and flagella c. Chromosome segregation d. Organization of organelles

A

You have learned about that mutations can occur in DNA sequence. Are all mutations deadly? a. No, some mutations can have no effect or an beneficial b. No, all mutations are benign c. Yes, because all mutation in DNA disrupt the central dogma d. yes, All mutations are deadly.

A: No, some mutation can have no effect or can be beneficial

Could melanin granules be moved by dynein and kinesin along an actin microfilament? a. Yes, motor proteins all use ATP to cause a conformation change. b. es, melanin granules would be moved by these motor proteins along microfilaments. c. No, these motor proteins are specific to microtubules and cannot move along microfilaments.

C

The interior region of a phospholipid bilayer is characterized as: a. hydrophilic b. Hydrophilic and polar c. hydrophobic d. polar

C

The strength of collagen comes from? a. Amino acids b. Bind to polysaccharides c. Triple helical structure and bundling d. its triple helical structure and bundling, as well as its amino acid sequence.

C

Transcription of RNA from DNA in eukaryotes requires: a. activator proteins. b. a promoter sequence. c. All of these choices are correct d. transcription factors e. RNA polymerase

C

Translation of a protein destined to function in the nucleus occurs: a. ribosomes bound to rough ER b. Ribosomes found to the nuclear envelope c. Free ribosomes in cytosol

C

What is the name of the enzyme complex that forms at the start of transcription? a. DNA polymerase b. RNA helicase c. RNA polymerase d. DNA gyrase

C

What would happen to a cell that depends on motile cilia for movement if it had no actin? a. Cell wouldn't move b. Cell wouldn't move because of dyne and kinesis could not work. c. Nothing; motile cilia contrail tubes not filaments d. Cell might be able to move if it used actin and myosin to change shape

C

Which bonds are covalent bonds? a. glycosidic bonds b. phosphodiester bonds c. All of these choices are correct d. peptide bonds

C

Which of the cell junctions is involved in created a barrier between cells? a. Adherens b. Desmosomes c. Tight

C

Which of the environmental factors affect the interactions between amino acids that in turn determine the shape of a protein. a. Temp b. Ion Concentration c. All of the above d. Temp and ion e. pH

C

You are translating an mRNA in the lab and notice that the protein produced is only two amino acids long when you were expecting a length of forty amino acids. You have checked the sequence of the mRNA and everything appears to be correct. What could be happening in your reaction? a. The peptide bonds are not forming properly. b. The DNA is mutated. c. The E (exit) site of the ribosome is not functioning. d. The acceptor site of the ribosome is not functioning.

C

researcher is studying a population of mutant fibroblasts that fail to flatten and attach to extracellular matrix proteins on a flat surface. This is likely the result of mutations in genes encoding: a. motor proteins b. cytoskeleton c. Cell junctions d. Micovilli

C

Helicase is an enzyme that separates the double helix of the DNA into two separate strands. How do you think helicase does this? a. by breaking ionic bonds b. by breaking phosphodiester bonds c. by breaking peptide bonds d. by breaking hydrogen bonds

D

In a DNA strand, successive nucleotides are linked by a. 2'-5' phosphodiester bonds b. peptide bonds. c. hydrogen bonds. d. 3'-5' phosphodiester bonds. e. base stacking.

D

In the DNA sequence, the bottom strand is a template strand. If the base pair G-C(highlighted) is replaced to A-T, what would the resulting nucleotide be on the mRNA? a. G b. U c. T d. A e. C

D

In which cellular process is RNA involved? a. Translation b. Transcription c. Splicing d. All of the above

D

Lipid compositions option has the least membrane fluidity? a. phospholipids with short-chain, unsaturated fatty acids b. phospholipids with short-chain, saturated fatty acids c. phospholipids with long-chain, unsaturated fatty acids d. phospholipids with long-chain, saturated fatty acids

D

The basal lamina? a. All are correct b. Lins to epithelia cells through tight junctions c. Found at the top of the epidermis of the skin d. Specilized matrix found beneath epithelial tissues e. Cell-rich layer

D

In which of the ribosomal sites does the anticodon of a tRNA pair completely with the mRNA codon? a. P site only b. A site c. P and E site d. A, P, and E site e. A and P site

E

Which of the statement is true regarding elements? a. elements are only found in inorganic substances and not in living organism. b. elements are only found in nature and cannot be created by humans. c. Elements are still categorized according to Aristotle's early classifications. d. Elements are composed of several different types of atoms. e. Elements are composed of only one type of atom.

E