Reinforcement

preference assessment

direct or indirect tests or interviews used to identify potential reinforcers

negative punishment

Occurs when a behavior is followed immediately by the removal of a stimulus that decreases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions.

negative reinforcement

Occurs when a behavior is followed immediately by the removal of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions.

establishing operation

EO: an event that makes a reinforcer more valuable or motivating.

positive punishment

Occurs when a behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus that decreases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions.

positive reinforcement

Occurs when a behavior is followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus that increases the future frequency of that behavior in similar conditions.

removed

The word "negative" in both reinforcement and punishment procedures refers to the stimlulus being contingently _____________ after some behavior of interest.

presented

The word "positive" in both reinforcement and punishment procedures refers to the stimulus being contingently _____________ after some behavior of interest.

positive punisher

a stimulus whose presentation or onset functions as punishment.

positive reinforcer

a stimulus whose presentation or onset functions as reinforcement.

negative punisher

a stimulus whose removal or offset functions as punishment.

negative reinforcer

a stimulus whose removal or termination functions as reinforcement.

contingency

an if then statement or relationship between events and behavior.

premack principle

first _______ then ______. Presenting a contingency statement in which a completion of a non preferred (low-p) task will be followed by a preferred task or access to a specific reinforcer (high-p).

satiation

having access to a reinforcer which results in a decrease in its reinforcing value. example: having free access to a favorite movie at home results in decreased motivation to earn that movie in therapy.

deprivation

restricting access, or time passed without access to a reinforcer that increases its reinforcing value. example: only being able to have skittles during therapy sessions.

reward

something presented after a behavior in attempt to increase the future frequency of the behavior that proceeded it.