repro

The average length of the uterine cycle is 21 days. 28 days. 19 days. 16 days. 35 days.

28 days.

What is the final product of meiosis? View Available Hint(s) 2 haploid cells 2 diploid cells 4 diploid cells 4 haploid cells

4 haploid cells

What is the proper arrangement of the four structures listed below into the order in which sperm pass from the testis to the urethral meatus? 1. ductus deferens 2. urethra 3. ejaculatory duct 4. epididymis 4, 1, 2, 3 4, 3, 1, 2 1, 4, 3, 2 4, 1, 3, 2 1, 3, 4, 2

4, 1, 3, 2

Which of the following interactions is incorrect regarding the reproductive system? The male urethra is a structure shared by the urinary and reproductive systems. A vasectomy is an effective way of preventing ovulation. The endocrine system provides hormones that regulate the gonads. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system are both involved in erection and ejaculation. The gonads produce hormones that influence muscular development.

A vasectomy is an effective way of preventing ovulation.

Which of the following statements concerning oogenesis is false? By the time of their birth, girls have already lost about 80 percent of their oocytes. Oogenesis begins before birth. Ova develop from stem cells called oogonia. An ovum completes meiosis II after it is fertilized. About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty

About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty

Describe the process of spermiation. (Module 26.4B) During spermiation, a sperm loses its tail. During spermiation, a spermatid becomes a sperm. During spermiation, a sperm loses its attachment to the nurse cell and enters the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. During spermiation, a secondary spermatocyte becomes a spermatid. During spermiation, a primary spermatocyte becomes a secondary spermatocyte.

During spermiation, a sperm loses its attachment to the nurse cell and enters the lumen of the seminiferous tubule.

________ arteries supply blood to the functional zone of the endometrium. Straight Spiral Radial Arcuate None of the answers is correct; the functional zone of the endometrium is not vascularized.

Spiral

Which of the following statements about the uterine cycle is false? It often involves painful myometrial contraction. The first occurrence is termed menarche. It is ultimately controlled by GnRH. It continues during pregnancy. It is divided into three phases.

It continues during pregnancy.

Which of the following is NOT produced by meiosis? View Available Hint(s) a sperm cell an egg, or ovum a liver cell All of the given choices are produced by meiosis.

a liver cell

The ________ of a sperm contains the enzymes essential for fertilization. middle piece acrosomal cap flagellum neck None of the answers is correct.

acrosomal cap

What portion of the spermatozoon contains the enzymes necessary for fertilization? View Available Hint(s) acrosome middle piece flagellum head

acrosome

Interstitial cells produce inhibin. nutrients. androgen-binding protein. androgens. sperm.

androgens.

The pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple is the peripapilla. zona pellucida. areola. fornix. zona reticularis.

areola.

Enlargement of the prostate gland, or ________, typically occurs spontaneously in men over age 50. benign prostatic hypertrophy carcinoma prostate cancer testicular cancer fibrocystic disease

benign prostatic hypertrophy

How do recently released secondary oocytes reach the uterine tube? (Module 26.11A) smooth muscle contractions vesicular endocytosis axonal transport ciliary fluid currents vesicular exocytosis

ciliary fluid currents

A rise in the blood levels of follicle-stimulating hormone at the beginning of the ovarian cycle is responsible for menopause. atresia. follicle maturation. ovulation. menstruation.

follicle maturation.

Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces View Available Hint(s) eight haploid cells. two diploid cells. two haploid cells. four diploid cells. four haploid cells.

four haploid cells.

Which of the following is a likely result of meiosis? View Available Hint(s) four sperm, each with 23 chromosomes two eggs, each with 46 chromosomes four sperm, each with 46 chromosomes two eggs, each with 23 chromosomes

four sperm, each with 23 chromosomes

Secondary spermatocytes divide to produce ________ spermatids, each having ________ chromosomes. millions of; 23 millions of; 46 four; 23 four; 46 one; 46

four; 23

During prophase I of meiosis, View Available Hint(s) there are four haploid daughter cells. the homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles. homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs. chromosome pairs are positioned in the middle of the cell. there are two daughter cells, each with 23 chromosomes.

homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.

The primary role of FSH in males is to influence sexual behaviors and sex drive. initiate sperm production in the testes. stimulate the interstitial cells to produce testosterone. stimulate the nurse cells to produce inhibin. develop and maintain secondary sex characteristics.

initiate sperm production in the testes.

The opening connecting the uterus to the cervical canal is the external os. uterine lumen. isthmus. ampulla. internal os.

internal os.

A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during View Available Hint(s) metaphase I. prophase I. interphase. meiosis II. anaphase I.

interphase.

The breasts are attached to the chest superficial to the ________ muscle. serratus anterior pectoralis major rectus abdominis subclavius trapezius

pectoralis major

What are the functions of the gonads? (Module 26.1A) produce and store gametes activate the parasympathetic nervous system regulate body temperature control acid-base regulation secrete digestive enzymes

produce and store gametes

What is the function of gonads? produce gametes produce hormones transport gametes produce gametes and produce hormones None of the answers is correct.

produce gametes and produce hormones

What roles do the ovaries perform? (Module 26.9B) secrete FSH and LH to control female reproductive cycles produce oocytes and provide the site for fetal development produce oocytes, secrete female sex hormones, secrete inhibin produce oocytes, anchor and support the uterus structurally, and act as the site for fertilization secrete female and male sex hormones and secrete catecholamines

produce oocytes, secrete female sex hormones, secrete inhibin

The use of which birth control method often results in the cessation of the uterine cycle? (Module 26.16B) the rhythm method diaphragm with spermicide intrauterine device progesterone-only shots condoms

progesterone-only shots

Sperm develop from stem cells called secondary spermatocytes. spermatozoa. spermatogonia. primary spermatocytes. spermatids.

spermatogonia.

Where does fertilization normally occur? (Module 26.8C) ovary vagina uterine tube labia uterus

uterine tube

The structure that transports the ovum to the uterus is the myometrium. vagina. uterosacral ligament. uterine tube. infundibulum.

uterine tube.

In a(n) ________, each ductus deferens is cut, and either a segment is removed and the ends tied (or cauterized) or silicone plugs are inserted. prostatectomy hysterectomy vasectomy ovariectomy tubal ligation

vasectomy

Compare benign prostatic hypertrophy with prostate cancer. (Module 26.17A) Benign prostatic hypertrophy is an enlargement of the prostate whereas prostate cancer is a malignancy. Benign prostatic hypertrophy affects older men whereas prostate cancer affects young men. Benign prostatic hypertrophy is a malignancy whereas prostate cancer is a shrinkage of the prostate gland. Benign prostatic hypertrophy affects young men whereas prostate cancer affects older men. Benign prostatic hypertrophy affects the seminal glands in addition to the prostate whereas prostate cancer just affects the prostate gland.

Benign prostatic hypertrophy is an enlargement of the prostate whereas prostate cancer is a malignancy.

Explain whether the blockage of a single lactiferous sinus would or would not interfere with the delivery of milk to the nipple. (Module 26.14B) Blockage of a single lactiferous sinus would interfere with the delivery of milk because each gland has only one lactiferous sinus. Blockage of a single lactiferous sinus would interfere with the delivery of milk because although each gland has several lactiferous sinuses, only one can be active at a time. Blockage of a single lactiferous sinus would interfere with the delivery of milk because the lactiferous sinus is where the milk is produced. Blockage of a single lactiferous sinus would not interfere with the delivery of milk because milk doesn't travel through the lactiferous sinuses to exit the nipple. Blockage of a single lactiferous sinus would not interfere with the delivery of milk because each gland has several lactiferous sinuses

Blockage of a single lactiferous sinus would not interfere with the delivery of milk because each gland has several lactiferous sinuses

After DNA replication, each individual chromosome becomes a homologous pair. View Available Hint(s) True False

False

What ovarian cycle changes would result if the LH surge did not occur? (Module 26.15A) If the LH surge did not occur, the secondary oocyte would not complete meiosis I, ovulation would occur around day 7, and the corpus albicans would not form. If the LH surge did not occur, the menstrual phase would continue past day 7, inhibin secretion would not occur, and estrogen secretion would not occur. If the LH surge did not occur, the secondary oocyte would not complete meiosis I, ovulation would not occur, and the corpus luteum would not form. If the LH surge did not occur, oocyte and follicular development would be faster and estrogen and progesterone levels would be higher. If the LH surge did not occur, follicles would not develop, estrogen levels would increase, and the oocyte would not develop.

If the LH surge did not occur, the secondary oocyte would not complete meiosis I, ovulation would not occur, and the corpus luteum would not form.

________ is defined as an inability to achieve or maintain an erection. Sterility Emission Impotence Infertility Benign prostatic hypertrophy

Impotence

What effect would low FSH levels have on sperm production? (Module 26.7C) Low FSH levels would decrease the level of testosterone which increases sperm production. Low FSH levels would decrease the level of testosterone which decreases sperm production. Low FSH levels would increase the level of testosterone which increases sperm production. Low FSH levels would increase the level of inhibin which increases sperm production. Low FSH levels would increase the level of testosterone which decreases sperm production.

Low FSH levels would decrease the level of testosterone which decreases sperm production.

On a warm day, would the cremaster muscle be contracted or relaxed? Why? (Module 26.2B) The cremaster muscle would be contracted so the scrotum would be pulled close to the body. The cremaster muscle would be contracted so the testes can descend into the scrotal cavities. The cremaster muscle would be relaxed so the scrotum would be pulled close to the body. The cremaster muscle would be contracted so the scrotum could descend away from the body. The cremaster muscle would be relaxed so the scrotum could descend away from the body.

The cremaster muscle would be relaxed so the scrotum could descend away from the body.

Cite the similarities that exist between certain structures in the reproductive systems of females and males. (Module 26.13C) The prostate gland in males is similar to the uterus in females and the both the male penis and female vagina contain erectile tissue. The greater vestibular glands in females are similar to the bulbo-urethral glands in males and the both male penis and female clitoris contain erectile tissue. The seminal glands in males are similar to the greater vestibular glands in females and both males and females produce gametes outside of the body. The ductus deferens in males is similar to the vagina in females and both males and females have folds of tissue called hymen. The scrotum in males is similar to the mons pubis in females and the urethra of both males and females travels through the reproductive structures.

The greater vestibular glands in females are similar to the bulbo-urethral glands in males and the both male penis and female clitoris contain erectile tissue.

The clitoris contains erectile tissue comparable to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. is encircled by the mons pubis. is derived from the same embryonic structures as the scrotum in males. is protected by the vesico-uterine pouch. is topped by vestibular glands.

contains erectile tissue comparable to the corpora cavernosa of the penis.

The organ that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra is the corpus cavernosum. ejaculatory duct. seminal gland. epididymis. ductus deferens

ductus deferens

When does the total number of chromosomes get reduced from 46 pairs to 23 individual chromosomes? View Available Hint(s) during meiosis I during metaphase II during interphase during mitosis

during meiosis I

An inability to contract the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus would interfere with which phase of the male sexual response? (Module 26.6B) emission ejaculation erection arousal impotence

ejaculation

Contractions of the bulbospongiosus muscles result in detumescence. ejaculation. erection. emission. impotence.

ejaculation.

All of the following are true of the vagina except that it holds spermatozoa prior to their passage to the uterus. receives the penis during coitus. forms the lower portion of the birth canal. serves as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluids. loses a portion of its lining during menses.

loses a portion of its lining during menses.

Secondary sexual characteristics may develop in response to estrogen. may develop in response to testosterone or estrogen. may develop in response to testosterone. are usually apparent at birth. None of the answers is correct

may develop in response to testosterone or estrogen.

The special type of cell division required to produce gametes is called meiosis. capacitation. fertilization. mitosis. maturation.

meiosis.

Chromosomes can exchange genetic information during a process called "crossing over." This occurs when homologous chromosomes are lined up in pairs. When does this happen? View Available Hint(s) metaphase I anaphase I metaphase II anaphase II

metaphase I

The ligament that attaches the ovary to the uterus is the ________ ligament. suspensory broad ovarian mesovarium inguinal

ovarian

Identify the functions of the vagina. (Module 26.13B) produce mucus, protect the uterus from pathogens, and sheds its inner layer during menstruation passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids, receives the penis during sexual intercourse, and is the site of fetal development produce oocytes, secrete female sex hormones, and secrete inhibin primary site of fertilization, site of fetal development, and sheds its inner layer during menstruation passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids, receives the penis during sexual intercourse, and forms the inferior portion of the birth canal

passageway for elimination of menstrual fluids, receives the penis during sexual intercourse, and forms the inferior portion of the birth canal

The correct order of events during meiosis is View Available Hint(s) prophase I, anaphase I, metaphase I, telophase I, meiosis II, cytokinesis. prophase I, anaphase I, telophase I, metaphase I, meiosis II. metaphase I, prophase I, telophase I, anaphase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II. metaphase I, prophase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II. prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.

prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.

During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur? View Available Hint(s) anaphase I. meiosis II. Metaphase I. telophase I. prophase I.

prophase I.

The nurse cells of the seminiferous tubules do all of the following except secrete androgen-binding protein. secrete inhibin. maintain the blood-testis barrier. secrete testosterone. support spermiogenesis.

secrete testosterone.

What is the function of the ductus deferens? (Module 26.5A) produces alkaline, mucus secretions carry fluid from the seminal gland and ampulla to the urethra produces sperm and secretes testosterone stores sperm and transports sperm to the ejaculatory duct secretes the majority of semen

stores sperm and transports sperm to the ejaculatory duct

The broad ligament does all of the following except enclose the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus. stay continuous with the parietal peritoneum. subdivide the peritoneal cavity. attach to floor of the pelvic cavity. support and stabilizes the position of the ovary.

support and stabilizes the position of the ovary.

On which of the following days would the level of LH be highest in a female? the day of ovulation the day before ovulation 3 days before ovulation the first day of menses 3 days after ovulation

the day before ovulation

Which of the following processes occurs during meiosis II? View Available Hint(s) the formation of tetrads the formation of secondary spermatocytes the formation of haploid cells the formation of diploid cells

the formation of haploid cells

Which of the following is greater? the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries at birth the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries at puberty

the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries at birth

During menses, the old functional layer is sloughed off. the corpus luteum is most active. progesterone levels are high. a new uterine lining is formed. secretory glands and blood vessels develop in the endometrium.

the old functional layer is sloughed off.

The main organs of the female reproductive tract include all of the following except the mammary glands. uterus. urinary bladder. vagina. ovaries.

urinary bladder.