Rock cycle

For weathering and erosion to occur, what process will the rock usually go through first or at the same time?

1) weathering 2) erosion

Deposited sediments may be particles of which types of rock?

All rocks

An igneous rock that cools very slowly has a ______ texture.

Coarse- grained

Which process changes metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock?

Compaction & cementation

Explain how composition and texture are used by scientists to classify rocks.

Composition- minerals that make up rock. Texture- size, shape, and grain position.

The rock _____ illustrates how rocks change from one type of rock to another.

Cycle

Mafic rocks are ... A) light colored rocks rich in. Calcium, iron, and magnesium. B) dark colored rocks rich in aluminum, potassium, silica, and sodium. C) light colored rocks rich in aluminum, potassium, silica, and sodium. D) dark colored rocks rich in calcium, iron, and magnesium.

D

The process in which sediment is removed from its source and transported is called _________.

Erosion

________ involves the transporting of sediment from one place to another.

Erosion

__________ forms plains called lava plateaus.

Extrusive igneous rock

True or false: igneous rocks are only found within the earth.

False

True or false: molten rock found on the surface of the earth is called coral.

False

True or false: moving water is a minor force in transporting sediment.

False

True or false: the rock cycle only flows in one direction.

False

True or false:molten rock is only found close to the surface.

False

A ______ is a common structure found in metamorphic rock.

Fold

__________ metamorphic rock contains minerals that are arranged in plates or bands.

Foliated

Which process changes igneous rock into metamorphic rock?

Heat and pressure

Metamorphism involves the addition of ____ and _______ to pre- existing rocks.

Heat, pressure

Describe two ways a rock can undergo metamorphism.

If the temperature or pressure of the new environment is different and if the rock is being heated by nearby magma.

Soldification of molten materials forms________ rocks.

Igneous

As magma cools, it forms ________ rock by the process of ________

Igneous and cooling

Solid magma forms_____

Igneous rocks

Explain why some minerals only occur in metamorphic rocks.

Large movements within the crust of the earth cause additional pressure to be exerted on a rock.

Molten rock inside the earth is called _____.

Magma

Igneous rock forms when __________________.

Magma cools and solidifies.

In order to form magma, what must happen to sedimentary, metamorphic or igneous rocks?

Melting

Which process changes sedimentary rock into igneous rock?

Melting

Heat and pressure acting on igneous rocks form __________.

Metamorphic

Subjecting sedimentary rocks to extreme heat and pressure forms _________ rocks.

Metamorphic

The three main groups of rocks are sedimentary,_________, and igneous rocks.

Metamorphic

_______ rock solidifies to form igneous rocks.

Molten

Can sedimentary rock form directly from metamorphic rock? Explain your answer.

No, it must turn to sediment first.

Sedimentary rock is classified into all of the following ,main categories except... A) clastic B) chemical C)nonfoliated D) organic

Nonfoliated

Heat and ____ are key factors in the formation of metamorphic rocks.

Pressure

Definition: the process where rocks form, changes,gets destroyed, then forms again.

Rock cycle

______ are made of one or more minerals.

Rocks

Igneous rocks can form_________. ___________, and ____________ rocks.

Sediment, magma, and metamorphic

Sedimentary rocks can form ________, _______, and __________ rocks.

Sediment, magma, and metamorphic

Compaction and cementation of sediments forms __________ rocks.

Sedimentary

Deposition and burial of sediment forms ________ rocks.

Sedimentary

The particles resulting from weathering of rocks may lead to the formation of __________ rock.

Sedimentary

Describe how each type of rock changes as it moves through the rock cycle.

Sedimentary = Heat and pressure metamorphic= melting igneous = weathering and erosion.

Sediments form_________ by the process of _____________.

Sedimentary rock, compaction & cementation

Sedimentary rocks are commonly made of ______ that are compacted and cemented together.

Sediments

The most characteristic property of sedimentary rock is _________.

Stratification

The ______________ of a rock is determined by the size shapes and positions of the minerals the rock contains.

Texture

True or false: Compaction and cementation of sediments are key processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks.

True

True or false: The process of rain wearing down rocks is an example of weathering.

True

True or false: erosion is responsible for transporting sediment.

True

True or false: magma is the result of rocks being heated into liquid rock.

True

True or false: sand once existed as rock.

True

Describe two ways rocks were used by early humans and ancient civilizations.

Used rocks as hammers to make tools and make buildings, monuments, and roads.

_________ involves the breaking down of rocks on the Earth's surface.

Weathering

Sediments form from the process of ____________.

Weathering and erosion