Russia Test 1
Principle of federal division
1. NATIONAL principle (Republics) 2. NATIONAL + TERRITORIAL principle (autonomous okrugs and autonomous oblast) 3. ADMINISTRATIVELY TERRITORIAL principle (krais, oblasts and cities of federal significance)
What are the 4 cities of Federal Significance in Russia ?
1. Moscow 2. St. Petersburg 3. Baikonur 4. Sevastopol
How many official languages are there in Russia?
26
How many cities of Federal Significance are there in Russia?
4
What categories classify the 89 subjects in the Federal structure?
48 Oblasts 24 Republics 9 Krais 4 autonomous Okrugs 3 federal cities 1 autonomous Oblast
What percentage of the people are of Russian ethnicity in Russia?
80%
What percentage of the population in Russia are ethnic Russians ?
80% of the population in Russia are ethnic Russians
How many federal subjects are there in the Federal structure of Russia?
89 These are similar to states in the U.S.
When was the Christianization of Russia (Greek Orthodox)
988
Droog
A close friend
What leader ended serfdom
Alexander II
Who was Ivan the Terrible?
Also known as Ivan IV
Where does Ded Moroz live?
An actual address and residence in the city of Veliky Ustyug
When were women on the throne?
Anna, Elizabeth and Catherine the Great were on the throne in the middle of the Romanov Dynasty. They were of German descent, increased German influence, increased taxation which began the FIRST PEASANT UPRISINGS
What does the two headed eagle on the Russian emblem stand for
Appeared after Ivan III married a Byzantine princess from the Roman Empire which used the two headed eagle. Means an alliance or sovereignty with the Roman Empire
What is the name of the city of Federal Significance in which Russian rents its land from Kazakastan ?
Baikonur
What happened to Alexander II after he got rid of serfdom
He was assassinated in a bombing by a aristocratic terrorist group ( the People's Will)
When are gifts exchanged?
Midnight on New Year's Eve
How many languages are spoken in Russia?
More than 160 languages are spoken in Russia
What is the current capital of Russia?
Moscow
What is the most important winter holiday in Russia
New Year
When does Ded Moroz bring gifts?
New Year's Eve
Who was the last czar of Russia?
Nicholas II of the Romanov Dynasty stepped down during the February Revolution of 1917
How many ethnicities are there in Russia?
Over 190
How many square miles is Russia
Over 6.6 million square miles
24 Republics
Own constitution Own official language Formed by national/ethnically principle Head of the republic is appointed but the Russian president
What is the definition of Russian speaking people
People who speak Russian as their native language but aren't Russian by citizenship or nationality (people from Belarus and Ukraine
Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991) What did he do?
Perestroika=restructuring (introduction of market economy) A set of economic reforms Anti-alcohol campaign
What leader gained access to the Baltic Sea?
Peter the Great
What ruler builder St. Petersburg ?
Peter the Great
Vladimir Lenin (1918-1924) What did he do?
Red Terror and Russian Civil War Moscow is capital again Socialism- reject religion and materialism 1922 USSR-Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Availability and unification of education
What was the last Russian dynasty?
Romanov Dynasty
What were the two Dynasties and how did they end?
Rurik Dynasty (862-1568) Romanov Dynasty (1613-1917) Rurik Dynasty ended when the ruler Fyodor (som of Ivan the Terrible) died without a heir. Romanov Dynasty ended in the 1917 February Revolution. Romanovs eventually executed in 1918
What is the largest country in the world?
Russia is 1.8x the size of the United States
What is the official language of the Federation of Russia
Russian
What is the official name of Russia
Russian Federation since 1991
Who was the first person in space
Russian Yuri Gagarin
What is a Krais?
Same as oblast with Krai at the end of the name Krai=edge At some point in history they marked the edge od the territory
Who was Rurik the Rus?
Scandinavian from the tribe of Rus who the people of Novgorod asked to be their leader in 862
Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Second official Jewish territory after Israel Started in 1928 when 36,000 Jews went there to start their own state within Russia Now only 1.5% are Jewish there
Kaliningrad
Smallest most western oblast Used to be the German city Konigsberg A port on the Baltic Sea
Who helps Ded Moroz with presnts
Snegurochka and a team of Snowmen
Collectivism
Solidarity and loyalty to the group Lack of individualism
What are the revolutions of 1917 ?
The February Revolution, the October Revolution and the Russian Civil War. These revolutions got rid of the monarchy and aristocracy and transitioned to a socialist government. Began as a result of losses and terrible conditions in WWI and pushback by workers and soldiers.
What is the only autonomous oblast in Russia!
The Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Peter the Great (1682-1725) What was he known for?
The Romanov Dynasty czar initiated the westernization of Russian culture and society after traveling to the West Built Petrograd (St. Petersburg) the new Russian capital
Blat
The Russian word for "connections," Getting things done through personal connections
Russian leaders have a close connection to the church
True
Who is the current president of Russia
Vladimir Putin
Fatalism
What is supposed to happen will and you can't change it
What are the colors and design of the Russian flag?
White, blue then red horizontal stripe
What is an Oblast?
a large region or administrative district similar to a state or province Most common federal subject Authority over a specific MULTIETHNIC territory Has a governor Usually named after its capital
What are the cities of federal significance?
1. ST. PETERSBURG (capital 1712-1918) Second largest city on Russia 2. MOSCOW (capital before 1712 and after 1918) Largest city in Russia 3. SEVASTOPOL(in the Crimea and inherited city of federal significance from Ukraine) 4. BAIKONUR (in Kazakhstan, Cosmodrome/spacesport on located there-all spaccraft launched there, Russia rents the land from Kazakhstan)
What are New Year traditions BEFORE midnight
1. Watch IRONY OF FATE movie 2. Watch LITTLE BLUE LIGHT show 3. Watch the NEW YEAR PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS
What are New Year traditions at MIDNIGHT
1. Watch Kuranty bells (equivalent of our ball drop countdown at midnight) 2. Gifts exchanged at midnight 3. Children recite poem or sing song to get gifts from Ded Muroz
How many time zones are there in Russia
11 time zones
When was the Tatar-Mongol Invasion
13-15th centuries (1237-1480)
How many countries does Russia border
14 countries
What is the population of Russia
146 million
When did Russians begin celebrating New Year's Eve on December 31?
1700
When did Perestroika start?
1985
When and what was Perestroika ?
1985-1991 by communist Soviet Union president Mikhail Gorbachev. Means restructuring and was the introduction of the market economy
What does the Russian emblem look like
2 HEADED EAGLE with a small crown on each eagle head and a large third crown above the two heads. The three crowns are linked by a ribbon. The eagle holds a scepter in its right claw and an orb in its left claw. In the center of the emblem is a MOUNTED FIGURE SLAYING A DRAGON
What foods are part of New Year
Champagne, oranges (for good luck), Oliver potato salad( Most traditional New Year staple), caviar sandwiches
What is the definition of Russian people
Citizens of Russia or those with Russian heritage
What did Rurik do?
Considered first founder of the first Russian state Rurik Dynasty of Russia lasted over 740 years
What is the official alphabet of the Federation of Russia
Cryllic
What is the definition of Slavic
Ethnic and linguistic group located in Central and Eastern Europe
In what months did the 2 revolutions of 1917 occur?
February and October
What were the capitals before Moscow
First Novgorud then Kiev then St. Peterburg then Moscow
Where did Rurik move the capital
From Novgorud to Kiev
Who is Ded Moroz ?
Grandfather Frost Like Santa Claus in the U.S. Dresses in Red OR Blue
How did Alexander II die in 1881 ?
He was known for abolishing serfdom and limiting privileges of the nobility. Assassinated by aristocratic terrorists (People's Will). Bombed his carriage he was riding in. First bomb didn't harm him in his bullet proof carriage. Threw a second bomb at him when he got out of the carriage to see the damage.
Who is Snegurochka?
Her name means Snow Maiden Granddaughter and assistant to Ded Moroz
When did New Year become the most important Russian winter holiday?
In 1935 during the Soviet era Christmas was banned because it was a religious holiday
Ivan the Terrible(Ivan the IV) What was he known for?
Ivan IV, who took the throne as tsar in 1547; noted for his tyrannical rule Started Oprichnina-mass repression and execution of Russian aristocrats who were suspected of being unloyal Modernized government Expansion of the empire-conquered 3 tsardoms Created new defensive strategy of buffer zones Ended Rurik Dynasty when he died without an heir
Who was the first Russian tsar?
Ivan the IV-Ivan the Terrible was the first Russian ruler to be crowned as a "tsar"
When is the Old New Year or Russian Orthodox New Year?
January 13-14
When does the Russian Orthodox Church celebrate Christmas?
January 7 because they still use the older Julian calendar which is 13 days behind our modern Gregorian calendar
Sakha= Yakutia
Largest republic is land area Most sparsely populated region Yakutsk is the capital where most live Produces most of the DIAMONDS in Russia and 25% of world's 40% within Arctic Circle World's largest river system Most live ethnically traditional life
Nicholas II )1894-1917) What was he known for?
Last tsar of the Romanov Dynasty 1905 Bloody Sunday 1.5 million soldiers died in WWI Stepped down in the February Revolution of 1917 Romanovs executed in 1918
What is Baikonur known for?
the Cosmodrome is there where all the Russian spacecraft are launched
What is absolute power?
unlimited and unrestrained power Disregard for law Lack of freedom of speech Tough crackdown on opposition Main goal to keep power Blending of person and country
