science exam 3/26/17

In fruit flies, a specific gene mutation causes the wings to become malformed. These wings are called vestigial because they do not function properly. The mutated allele for vestigial wings (v) is recessive to the allele for functioning wings (V). Two fruit flies that are heterozygous for wing shape are crossed, resulting in many offspring.

The majority of the offspring population has functioning wings.

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype

phenotype is your physical appearance and genotype is your genetic make, for example TT

definition of monohybrid cross

a genetic cross between parents that differ in alleles they possess for 1 specific gene

what do the letters on the inside of the punnett square stand for

all the possible out comes of the kids genotypes

different forms of genes for a single trait are

alleles

what are homologous chromosome

chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

the gene that is always expressed is the

dominant trait

what is heredity

the passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring

Which choice below best shows various types of genetic material in order from simplest to most complex?

gene chromosome genome

genotypes mad of two different alleles

heterozygous

genotypes made of the same alleles are

homozygous

definition of allele

one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic such as hair color

what is the definition of gene

one set of instructions for an inherited trait

what types of plants did he study

pea plants

how many alleles do you inherit for each trait

2

one gene gives plants their color, but there are 4 alleles they can inherit- this is an example of

Multiple Alleles

the color black is always seen over the white one- this is an example of

Dominant Trait

Which of the following statements is true? A. Chromosomes make up proteins. B. Chromosomes make up genes. C. Genes make up cells. D. Genes make up chromosomes.

Genes make up chromosomes.

who is the father of genetics

Gregor Mendel

When a red flower is mixed with a white flower, a pink flower is produced because of

Incomplete Dominance

even people with blond hair look different because there are so many shades of blond- this is an example of

Polygenetic Inheritance

In a particular type of cat, coat color follows the dominant/recessive pattern of inheritance. The allele for a brown coat (B) is dominant to the allele for a white coat (b). One of Mariam's cats is homozygous dominant (BB) and the other cat is heterozygous (Bb). Which of the following is true about Mariam's cats?

They have different genotypes but the same phenotype.

definition of mutation

a change in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule

what is genetic characteristics

a feature that has different forms

a gene that is expressed only in the homozygous state

recessive

what is an example of polygenetic traits

skin color

definition of genetic engineering

the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material

what is the definition of trait

the different forms that can be inherited

what do letters on the outside of the punnett square stand for

the parents genotypes