science exam 3/26/17
In fruit flies, a specific gene mutation causes the wings to become malformed. These wings are called vestigial because they do not function properly. The mutated allele for vestigial wings (v) is recessive to the allele for functioning wings (V). Two fruit flies that are heterozygous for wing shape are crossed, resulting in many offspring.
The majority of the offspring population has functioning wings.
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype
phenotype is your physical appearance and genotype is your genetic make, for example TT
definition of monohybrid cross
a genetic cross between parents that differ in alleles they possess for 1 specific gene
what do the letters on the inside of the punnett square stand for
all the possible out comes of the kids genotypes
different forms of genes for a single trait are
alleles
what are homologous chromosome
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
the gene that is always expressed is the
dominant trait
what is heredity
the passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring
Which choice below best shows various types of genetic material in order from simplest to most complex?
gene chromosome genome
genotypes mad of two different alleles
heterozygous
genotypes made of the same alleles are
homozygous
definition of allele
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic such as hair color
what is the definition of gene
one set of instructions for an inherited trait
what types of plants did he study
pea plants
how many alleles do you inherit for each trait
2
one gene gives plants their color, but there are 4 alleles they can inherit- this is an example of
Multiple Alleles
the color black is always seen over the white one- this is an example of
Dominant Trait
Which of the following statements is true? A. Chromosomes make up proteins. B. Chromosomes make up genes. C. Genes make up cells. D. Genes make up chromosomes.
Genes make up chromosomes.
who is the father of genetics
Gregor Mendel
When a red flower is mixed with a white flower, a pink flower is produced because of
Incomplete Dominance
even people with blond hair look different because there are so many shades of blond- this is an example of
Polygenetic Inheritance
In a particular type of cat, coat color follows the dominant/recessive pattern of inheritance. The allele for a brown coat (B) is dominant to the allele for a white coat (b). One of Mariam's cats is homozygous dominant (BB) and the other cat is heterozygous (Bb). Which of the following is true about Mariam's cats?
They have different genotypes but the same phenotype.
definition of mutation
a change in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
what is genetic characteristics
a feature that has different forms
a gene that is expressed only in the homozygous state
recessive
what is an example of polygenetic traits
skin color
definition of genetic engineering
the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material
what is the definition of trait
the different forms that can be inherited
what do letters on the outside of the punnett square stand for
the parents genotypes
