Science Tes

The Hubble Space Telescope is a bus-sized satellite powered by huge ______panels.

solar

How can light speed be used to calculate distances between objects in space?

By using light years.

What is radiation?

Emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles

The universe is composed of about 100 billion___________ grouped into ________________.

Galaxies, clusters.

____________ rays show areas where large quantities of energy are released.

Gamma rays

What do hertz (Hz) measure?

Hertz measures frequency

____________ rays are used to study hot stars.

Infrared

____________ waves show the heat emitted by celestial bodies.

Infrared

____________ measure the temperature variations in the universe.

Infrared telescopes

How can the speed of light help determine distances in space?

It can be easier for humans to comprehend.

What allows the Hubble Space Telescope to take exceptionally clear images?

It is in space, so the pictures aren't distorted by the atmosphere of the Earth

How can space exploration impact the economy and culture of a region?

Marketing; it can boost a region's economy by that region marketing the fact that a space center is located there, such as with the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Our galaxy, the ______________, contains more than 200 billion stars.

Milky Way

Is the universe endless?

No, it was proven by the Hubble Space Telescope that the universe has boundaries.

Solar system:

Planets orbiting around a star

____________ telescopes can reveal the existence of pulsars in space.

Radio Telescopes

What are the different forms of radiation on the electromagnetic spectrum?

Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, UV light, X-Rays, and Gamma Rays.

Earth is one million times smaller than the ________.

Solar System

What astronomical bodies exist in our universe?

Stars, galaxies, clusters, superclusters, black holes, nebulas, planets, neutron stars.

______________ at astronomical observatories capture this light even better, providing a clearer picture of our galaxy.

Telescopes

All existing matter and space are referred to as the _______________.

The Universe

What is a frequency?

The number of waves that pass a single point in one second.

Sun:

The star at the center of our solar system.

What is the relative size and composition of the universe, a galaxy, and a solar system?

The universe includes all matter and space that have existed or will exist. It is everything we can touch, see, feel, smell, measure, or detect. The Universe is all matter in existence. A galaxy is a collection of stars, solar systems, and black holes and a solar system is a bunch of planets orbiting a central star.

What are the various types of technologies used for exploring and understanding space?

There are various detectors to detect different types of radiation.

Why are different units of measurement used for distances in space?

To make distances on either a larger or smaller scale visually easier to comprehend.

___________ waves are the only waves, besides visible light, to reach Earth's surface.

UV light

____________ rays can detect the presence of interstellar gas clouds.

UV rays

What hierarchy exists in the universe?

Universe, supercluster, cluster, group, galaxy, solar system, star, planet, and sometimes moon, but most often planet.

How do wavelength and frequency compare on the electromagnetic spectrum?

Wavelength increases when frequency decreases, and vice versa.

What do we still not know about the size of the universe? Distances in space?

We don't know the exact size of the universe.

How is the electromagnetic spectrum used to examine astronomical objects?

We use the electromagnetic spectrum to see things in space that we can't see using visible light.

Comet:

a celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust and, when near the sun, a "tail" of gas and dust particles pointing away from the sun.

Moon:

a small, rounded body in orbit around a planet

How have advances in space exploration led to technologies adapted for personal use?

advances in space exploration have helped make many commonplace items you see nowadays. An example is the internet, which would not have been possible if it weren't for the new inventions made for space exploration

Cosmic ray:

detects very energetic particles found in radiation fields around planets and stars

Photopolarimeter:

determines the physical properties of planet atmospheres and the texture and compositions of planet surfaces

Radiation on the _____________ is measured in wavelengths and frequencies.

electromagnetic spectrum

High-gain antenna:

high frequency radio antenna that sends data back to Earth

A _________ is the distance light travels in one year. How many miles is this?

light-year is 5.879 trillion miles

Magnetometer boom

measures magnetic fields produced by astronomical bodies

Low-energy particle detector

measures the charged particles of solar wind

A _________ is a satellite or other spacecraft designed to explore space and transmit data back to Earth.

probe

The Hubble Space Telescope is equipped with a mirror 2.5 meters in diameter, which senses cosmic rays from ___to ____.

ultraviolet to infrared

A _____________ is the distance between the crests of successive waves.

wavelength

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency of radiation on the electromagnetic spectrum?

wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional.

What are the purposes of these items aboard the Voyager probes?

(Keep going for the next flashcards. The definitions is what I'll have to explain).

Our solar system is more than _________ in diameter.

12 billion km

___________ miles per second is the speed of light as it travels in space.

186,282 miles per second

What and how long is an astronomical unit (AU)?

91,181,000 miles or 149, 597, 871 kilometers.

Galaxy:

A collection of stars, solar systems, and black holes all grouped together.

Planet:

A relatively small spherical object made out of solid rock.

Star:

A spherical object of intense heat which is made up of gas and produces its own light.

When is it useful to use astronomical units and light years for measuring distances?

AUs for measuring distances in our solar system, and light years for outside our solar system.