science unit 2 test

Subtract the time of P wave arrival from S wave arrival.

1

This fault can create features like scarps, horsts and grabens, and fault-block mountains.

1

tensional stress

1

Scientists can now predict when an earthquake will occur.

False

Which of the following features are types of folds?

anticlines and synclines monoclines domes and basins

Granite Peak is a well-known exposed _____ in the Teton Mountains. It is a mass of granite that originally formed beneath layers of sedimentary rock.

batholith

Geologic maps are most recognized by their _____.

colors

Mr. Goldsmith described the eruption of Mt. Mayon in the Philippines. He discussed great explosions very high into the air of both lava and pyroclastic flow. What type of volcano, magma, and eruption was most likely involved?

composite volcano, rhyolitic magma, and plinian explosion

"Look! That volcano is emitting smoke! Grab your _____ and measure the sulfur dioxide content."

correlation spectrometer (COSPEC)

A fault is a _____ in the earth's crust, and a fold is a _____ of the earth's crust.

crack, bending

Besides lava setting fire to combustible materials, what other natural hazards can occur from a volcanic eruption?

earthquakes landslide and mudslides flooding

"The _____ records P waves first, then S waves."

seismograph

Basaltic magma is very fluid. What type of volcano and eruption would basaltic magma most likely produce?

shield, a lava flow with no explosion

Review the following map and answer questions 31 through 34.

south

What does this symbol represent on a geologic map?

strike and dip

If a fault line is dotted or dashed, this means _____.

the fault is under the surface

Find the point where all 3 circles intersect, and you've found the earthquake's epicenter.

2

Review the following map and answer questions 31 through 34.

2

This fault occurs when a hanging wall block has risen relative to its footwall block.

2

compressional stress

2

Draw circles representing the distances from at least three seismograph stations to the epicenter on a map.

3

This fault is where two rock blocks can grind past each other in a parallel direction.

3

shear stress

3

Review the following map and answer questions 31 through 34.

3180

See what the time difference is equal to in distance on a seismic wave chart.

4

"If you want to measure the earthquake based on the level of damage incurred, use the _____."

Mercalli intensity scale

"Us in the cafeteria felt the quake, but those in the conference room didn't. The earthquake magnitude must've been around 3 on the _____."

Richter scale

The boundary around the Pacific plate is called the _____ because many volcanoes are produced as the Pacific plate subducts under continental plates.

Ring of Fire

According to the contour lines, which side of this hill is the steepest?

Side A

The basic structure of a volcano consists of _____.

a magma chamber, central vent, and crater

Scientists can now predict when a volcanic eruption will occur.

True

Review the following map and answer questions 31 through 34.

Y=3250, Z=2900

At high noon, it's hard to tell which way the Sun is going to set. To distinguish east from west, what can you use?

a compass

The Old Faithful geyser found in Yellowstone Park is an example of _____.

a feature resulting from hot volcanic rock

What are dikes, sills, and laccoliths?

intrusions of igneous rock in sedimentary layers beneath Earth's surface

Some say the benefits of volcanic activity outweigh its hazards in the long-term. What are some of the benefits?

land formation fertile soil geothermal energy construction materials

Which of the following are hazards from volcanic activity?

lava and pyroclastic flow tephra lahars climate alteration

What feature forms over the vent of a volcano when very thick lava builds up?

lava dome

The Columbia Plateau exposes dark rock that spans the states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. What made this vast plateau?

layers of continuous basaltic lava flow that cooled and hardened

A _____ tells you what the different symbols and lines represent on a map.

legend

"I would use a _____ to measure the magnitude of earthquakes that occur over large areas."

moment magnitude scale

Earthquakes occur along _____.

plate boundaries and faults

The earth's interior heat and pressure drive mantle convection. This is the power that drives _____, the main force behind earthquake and volcanic activity.

plate tectonics

Which of the following cause volcanic eruptions?

pressure and heat built up in the magma chamber plate tectonics and subduction

Earthquakes produce two types of body waves that flow through the interior of Earth. They are _____.

primary and secondary waves

Use the Richter scale to indicate the _____ an earthquake and the Mercalli intensity scale to indicate the _____.

the strength of, damage produced

"The _____ suggests that the ground has risen about 2 inches."

tiltmeter

Mountain climbers can use a _____ map to tell them the _____ of their climb.

topographic, elevation and steepness

Which of the following are other natural disasters that earthquakes produce?

tsunamis landslides liquefaction