Scientific Method
d) form a hypothesis based on the data
Make an observation and prediction. A hypothesis is one possible answer to the question why?
g) explain the meaning of the term THEORY with reference to examples from the subject content
A theory is a hypothesis that was consistently supported by other observations and experiments. New information is constantly added a new observations and experimental data is collected. Large amounts of evidence have to support an initial hypothesis.
e) explain how inherent variations and limitations in the measurement of the experimental data lead to uncertainty in the results
Uncertainty occurs due to measures varying in some extent. If an experiment is reliable the experiment can be repeated by others and obtain similar results. Measurements sometimes are not taken accurately due to using wrong testing tools and being able to read results correctly.
f) demonstrate an understanding that a hypothesis that is consistently supported by experimental testing and observation can become a theory
A hypothesis that is supported by many sets of observations and experimental results may become a theory. When large amounts is found to support the theory it becomes accepted globally as a theory.
h) use the knowledge and understanding gained in this section in new situations
Be able to form an experiment Know the term theory Know how observations, formation, testing, and evaluation of hypothesis connect to each other Know whether results support or refute a hypothesis Know how hypothesis and observations become theories Know how to form a hypothesis in the data
b) design experiments to test a given hypothesis, in which variables are controlled and quantitative results are collected.
Hypothesis will be based on prediction and information given. Dependent variable- is the one being measured (number of eggs) Independent variable- the variable being changed(concentration of oxygen) Quantitative data- numerical data giving quantity, amount or range of variable (ex: concentration of oxygen or number of eggs laid)
c) interpret experimental data to determine whether they support or refute a hypothesis being tested
If results match the prediction the the results support the hypothesis. If prediction was not supported by results the results can be used to refute the hypothesis. You may need to generate new questions by observing data and making a new hypothesis with the new data.
a) describe how scientific method involves interplay between observations and the formation, testing and evaluation of hypotheses.
Observations are made 1st and help form the hypothesis. Hypothesis is to try to explain the observation. Prediction is linked to the hypothesis but it includes what you think will happen. The experiment is test the hypothesis with quantitative data that can evaluated and used to support or refute the hypothesis. Results from testing match the prediction, they support the hypothesis and if it does not support prediction the results can be used to refute the hypothesis.