section 9

considering the fact that many of the health problems of older adults are chronic rather than acute which of the following is likely to be a concern about the medical system

The medical system is still based on a "cure" rather than a "care" model.

prejudice against others because of their age, especially prejudice against older adults is known as

ageism

the term baltes uses to describe the hardware of the mind meaning the neurophysiological architecture of the brain that was developed through evolution is

cognitive mechanics

According to Baltes, _____ becomes relevant when life tasks require a level of capacity beyond the current level of the older adult's performance potential.

compensation

Life _____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.

expectancy

cross-sectional study by Ursula Staudinger found that for adults from 55 to 65 years of age, __________ was most important in terms of personal investment

family

_______ memory is memory without conscious recollection

implicit

the "latino health paradox" refers to the fact that

latinos have a life expectancy 5.7 years above non latinos

a _______ is a living document that reflects the patients advance care planning

living will

according to a cross-sectional study on self-esteem, who among the following have the highest self-esteem

middle aged adults

______ theory states that aging is due to the decay of ______

mitochondrial; mitochondria

older adults characterized by _______ do not live as long as those who display more ________

negative affect; positive affect

According to Baltes, which of the following factors suggests that it is possible to maintain performance in some areas through continued practice and the use of new technologies?

optimization

identify the possible double jeopardy for elderly ethnic minority individuals

racism and ageism

according to evolutionary theory, natural selection is linked to ________ which is present in the earlier part of adulthood

reproductive fitness

what do studies say of the american attitude toward euthanasia after the terri shiavo case

there is a trend toward accepting passive euthanasia in cases of terminally i'll patients

The concept of _____ emphasizes that changes in cognitive functioning may be linked more to distance from death or cognition related pathology than to distance from birth

terminal decline

which of the following is true of socioemotional selectivity theory

It challenges the stereotype that the majority of older adults are in emotional despair because of their social isolation.

brain death occurs when

all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time

an advance directive such as a living will must be signed when

an individual is able to think clearly

in 1900 most people died

at home, cared for by their family.

______theory states that cells can divide a maximum of about 75-80 times and that as we age our cells become less capable of dividing

cellular clock

_____ is the global term for any neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms involve a deterioration of mental functioning.

dementia

According to erikson, the _______ stage of development involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one's life has not been well spent

integrity vs despair

selective optimization with compensation theory states that successful aging is related to three main factors

selection, optimization, and compensation

______ attention is focused and extended engagement with an object, task, event, or some other aspect of the environment

sustained

Hospice advocates emphasize

the advantages of controlling pain for dying individuals.

______ which is closely linked to short-term memory allows children and adults to manipulate and assemble information when making decisions solving problems and comprehending written and spoken language

working memory

_____ illness often follows a pattern of an acute period that may require hospitalization, followed by a longer period of remission, and then repetitions of this pattern.

chronic

prolonged grief disorder is also known as _____ grief

complicated

according to kubler ross which of the following is the first stage of dying

denial and isolation

_______ refers to extended verbal expression in speech or writing

discourse

Euthanasia is otherwise known as

easy death

which of the following concepts have distinctions similar to the ones between cognitive mechanics and cognitive pragmatics

fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence

_______refers to the view that our aging society is being unfair to its younger members because older adults pile up advantages by receiving an inequality large allocation of resources

generational inequity

_____ is the emotional numbness, disbelief, separation anxiety, despair, sadness, and loneliness that accompany the loss of someone we love.

grief

most psychologists emphasize that _____ is the best strategy in discussing death with children

honesty

in the context of socioeconomical development in late adulthood, which of the following is true of life review

it is set in motion by looking forward to death

which of the following is true of activity theory

it suggests that adults who cannot continue their middle adulthood roles into late adulthood should find substitute roles that keep them engaged

in the context of economic security which of the following is true regarding older adults

poverty is linked to lower levels of physical fitness in older adults

Cognitive ________ are the culture-based "software programs" of the mind.

pragmatics

______ theory focuses on the types of goals that individuals are motivated to achieve as they approach the end of life

socioemotional selectivity

Voletta believes that older adults become more selective about their social networks as they age. She is a proponent of:

socioemotional selectivity theory

one of the challenges in the health care given to elderly patients is that elderly patients

take a less active role in their own treatment.

The concept of _____ emphasizes that changes in cognitive activity patterns might result in disuse and consequent atrophy of cognitive skills.

use it or lose it

_____ is expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits practical judgment about important matters.

wisdom

according to eriksons developmental stages which of the following is the resolution an individual is most likely to experience

wisdom