Section Three: Self- Efficacy Theory

oWhy is the dimension of generality so important? What does the research tell us about how strong the effect of generality is

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•What are the five sources of self-efficacy? Be able to give practical exampled.

1. mastery/performance experiences, the experience of carrying out a task successfully 2. vicarious experiences, behavior of others that serves as a reference for our own personal capabilities, enjoyment and/or understanding 3. verbal persuasion, the act of providing participants with considerable information about the why, what, and where of physical activity 4. physiological states, bodily sensations such as increased HR, increased sweating, and increased respiratory rate can provide a signal to the individual about his or her current level of efficacy. 5. emotional states,

•Be familiar with the five practical strategies we discussed for enhancing a person's self-efficacy for exercise/physical activity

1.Interview patients about their history of mastery experiences and expose them to the recommended activity in gradually increasing doses. 2.Arrange for them to see similar others performing the activity 3.Have respected health care providers offer encouragement by emphasizing the patients accomplishments 4.Develop an exercise buddy system 5.Arrange the setting of the activity so as to induce a relaxed but upbeat mood

•Be able to give examples of the three dimensions of SE.

1.Level of self- efficacy- belief in personal ability to accomplish a particular task or component of a task. 2.Strength of self- efficacy- degree of conviction that a particular task or component of a task can be carried out successfully (ex, an individual might hold the belief that he/she can complete a 30-minute aerobics class (level of SE) however, he or she might also be only 75% (not 100%) confident about this belief (the strength of self- efficacy). 3.Generality of self- efficacy- degree to which efficacy beliefs transfer to related tasks (ex, an individual who has high self-efficacy for an aerobics class may also have similarly high efficacy in all activities requiring aerobic fitness.)

•Be able to draw Social Cognitive Theory, as well as explain the three implications of SCT that we discussed in class.

Behaviors Environmental factors Personal factors (Cognitive affective & biological events)

what are the 3 categories of self-efficacy related to exercise/PA.

Exercise efficacy - beliefs about the capability of successfully engaging in incremental bouts of PA. Barriers efficacy- beliefs about possessing the capability to overcome obstacles to PA Scheduling efficacy- confidence that PA can be scheduled into a daily or weekly routine