Social Psychology Chapters 9,10,11

Popular wisdom is often contradictory, as with the following two sayings: 1)Opposites attract and 2)birds of a feather flock together. Research on the relationship between similarity and liking suggest?

#2 is more accurate; people tend to be more attracted to those who are dissimilar from themselves.

The bystander effect refers to the tendency for

A greater number of bystanders to reduce probability that a victim will receive help.

Rita has a strong desire to establish and maintain social contacts with others. Rita has

A high need for affiliation

Research on the link between media violence and aggression has demonstrated that

All forms of media violence appear to increase aggressive behavior.

Lorenz argued that aggression is common in most animal species because it

All of the above

Which of the followoing has not been offered an explanation for the bystander effect. ?

An individuals level of moral reasoning.

Sid is mildly attracted to Nancy. If his parent forbid him to see Nancy, Sid is likely to

Become more attracted to Nancy

Herman and flora have been married for 40 years. They still have a strong relationship and say they are each others best friends. Their relationship seems to be an example of??

Compainonate Love

Renaldo is driving out a beautiful national park that is having some financial trouble. There is a box for donations by the park exit, and no one around. Which of the following would most likely encourage Renaldo to leave a donation???

If he observed the person in the car in front of him to leave a donation

Jerry is a mets fan, and stopped for a motorist stranded wearing a mets jersey as well. There was a man who was standed also with a yankees jersey. Which of the following could account for Jerry's behavior?

Jerry felt more empathy for the Mets fan than the Yankees fan.

Who of the following is likely to be lonely?

John, who is an adolescent

Karen and Rob are talking to a mutual friend who suddenly breaks downs and asks if one of them can stay and talk about an important problem. Who is more likely to help??

Karen is more likely to help.

Which of the following is true regarding gender differences in romantic relationships?

Males fall in love more easily and quicker

Which of the following has been demonstrated in research?

Peoples attachment styles relate to the type of romantic relationships they have.

Walster et al. (1966) randomly matched student for a dance, the strongest predictor of couples who countinued to see eachother was

Physical Attractiveness

One of the most important prerequisites for the development between two people is

Proximity

All of the following is not a characteristic of romantic love?

Raised in a culture that believes in and teaches the concept of romantic love

All of the following are considered the basic components of a relationship except?

Reproductive compatibility

Carol determines that if she helps her co-worker with a report that it will take time that she was planning on using on her own project. However, she decides to offer her help because she believes her boss will be impressed and perhaps offer a raise. Carol is using the _____ approach to helping behavior

Rewards and punishment

Conchita has good relationships with her boyfriend and with her parents. She is also able to form caring and supportive friendships. Conchita probably has a(n)

Secure Attachment Style

Which of the following is consistent with the mere exposure effect?

The more we see someone, the greater the attraction.

Two people are placed in a room and are provoked to behave aggressively toward one another. Which of the following is most likely to happen if there is a weapon in the room?

There is a greater likelihood that they will behave aggressively toward one another than if there was no weapon.

All of the following are true of physically attractive individuals except

They have higher self-esteem

Diffusion of responsibility can be reduced if

a bystander's training is relevant to the emergency at hand.

A psychoanalyst believes that her patient's aggressive patterns of behavior are probably due to an unconscious impulse toward self- destruction. The psychoanalysts's thinking is most consistent with the concept of

a death instinct

Many researchers maintain that there is a positive relationship between exposure to violent media and real-life aggressive behavior. The claim that exposure to violence actually causes an increase in aggression would be best supported by which of the following?

a study in which participants who are randomly assigned to play violent video games later administer greater levels of electric shock to a confederate then participants who are assigned to play neutral games.

Stimuli associated with a source of frustration or aggressive behavior in general is the definition of

aggression cues

In experiments, male participants who view violent erotic material

are more accepting of interpersonal violence againsts women.

All of the following have been demonstrate din research on physical attractiveness except?

attractive employees earn approximately the same salaries as unattractive employees

Sears (1593) showed that children who are physically punished for aggressive behavior

become more aggressive, especially outside the home

Asuni hears her neighbors burgular alarm go off in the middle of the night, but she doesn't call the police because she assumes that one of the other neighbors will do so. Asuni's failure to call the police is the result of

diffusion of responsibility

On his way from work, Orin nearly collided head-on with another car. After swerving out of the way at the last minute. Orin could feel his heart racing and his hands shaking. A few minutes later he arrived home and just as he walked in, received a phone call from a salesperson. Orin then became verbally abusive toward the salesperson. This outcome is most consistent with the concept of

excitation transfer

Though women are more likely than men to aggress in a intimate relationship, men's aggression in such relationships differs in that it typically

has more severe consequences

Persons who have _____ levels of moral reasoning are ___ likely to help those in need.

high; more

Research suggests that self-disclosure reciprocity is more important

in the early stages of a relationship

Both Freud and Lorenz argued that aggression is

instinctual behavior

Of the following, the frustration-aggression hypothesis would probably be least effective as an explanation for

instrumental aggression

Rex belittles Pyeton's abilities in interviews with the media and spreads rumors about him in the hope that doing so will disrupt Peyton's fragile psyche and lead him to play poorly in the championship game. Rex's behavior illustrates

instrumental aggression

The defining characteristics of aggression is that the aggressor

intends to injure another living being

Mark refuses to give money to a beggar because he believes that the beggar is lazy and refuses to work for a living. Mark is

making a dispositional attribution for the beggar's need

The finding that people often help similar other can be explained by the tendency to

more easily empathize with such individuals.

Compared to passionate love, companionate love is

more likely to remain constant over time

Mary was routinely hit by her mother when she was a child and now she routinely hits her own children. This is most consistent with the ____ theory of aggression

social learning

One reason that people often react negatively to recieving help is

that it obligates them to the helper.

Kuo's 1939 study of domestic cats demonstrated

that while aggression may be partly biological, learning is also involved.

While outside enjoying the sunshine, Claudia happily gives directions to a lost tourist. Claudia's willingness to help a stranger is most likely due to

the good mood effect

Someone who argues that the preference for physically attractive partner is simply a function of wanting to have a health offspring probably endorses?

the theories of evolutionary psychology

Research on attractiveness and helping indicates that

we are more likely to help attractive people than unattractive people

The belief that physically attarctive individuals also possess desirable personality characteristics is called the

what-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype

Research suggest that negative moods tent to enhance helping

when helping is thought to improve a negative mood