SocioCultural evolution of society
Human capacity for population growth
According to Lenski, this has been a "profoundly destabilizing force throughout human history and may well be the ultimate source of most śocial and cultural change" (alphabetical)
irrigation metallurgy Numbers wheel writing
Agricultural societies initiated civilization as the invented the following: (alphabetical)
Hunting & Gathering Societies
At this level of sociocultural evolution, food production is relatively inefficient;
Industrialism
At this stage, societies begin to change quickly.
Industrialism
Demands for political participation also escalate.
Inequality
During the Agricultural Societies, this phenomenon becomes much more pronounced.
Religion
During the Agricultural Societies, what underlies the expanding power of the state?
Genes Individual Experience Signs Symbols
Four Stages of Human Development (According to Lenski) (alphabetical)
Genes
Four Stages of Human Development (According to Lenski): * In the first stage, information is passed by __________? (fill in the blank)
Logic
Four Stages of Human Development (According to Lenski): . In the third stage, humans begin to develop _______? (fill in the blank)
Signs
Four Stages of Human Development (According to Lenski): . In the third stage, humans begin to use _______? (fill in the blank)
Symbols
Four Stages of Human Development (According to Lenski): In the fourth stage, humans created these.
language writing
Four Stages of Human Development (According to Lenski): In the fourth stage, humans developed __________(fill in the blank) (alphabetical)
Individual Experience
Four Stages of Human Development (According to Lenski): In the second state, with the development of agriculture, humans are able to pass information through _________? (fill in the blank)
Less
Gerhard Lenski claims that members of a society are united by a shared culture, although cultural patterns become less diverse as a society gains __________ complex technology and information. (fill in the blank)
More
Gerhard Lenski claims that members of a society are united by a shared culture, although cultural patterns become more diverse as a society gains __________ complex technology and information. (fill in the blank)
advances in the history of communication
Gerhard Lenski's four stages of human development was based on?
Technology
Has the ability to shapes other cultural patterns.
Industrialism
In it's early stages, social inequality increases.
Postindustrialism
In this phase, industrial production declines while occupations that process information using computers expand.
Agricultural Societies
Inequality becomes much more pronounced.
Postindustrialism
It's emergence dramatically changes a society's occupational structure.
human populations
Lenski concludes that these are limited by their capability of food production
Agricultural Societies Horticultural & Pastoral Societies Hunting & Gathering Societies Industrial Societies Postindustrial Societies
Lenski's Five (5) Types of Societies: (alphabetical)
Horticultural & Pastoral Societies
Material surpluses develop, allowing some people to become full-time specialists in crafts, trade, or religion.
technologically complex
More __________ societies reveal striking cultural diversity. (fill in the blank)
Agricultural Societies
Occupational specialization increases, money emerges, and social life becomes more individualistic and impersonal.
Industrialism
Prosperity and health improve dramatically. Occupational specialization and cultural diversity increase.
Agricultural Societies
Religion underlies the expanding power of the state.
Horticultural & Pastoral Societies
Social inequality started
Simple
Societies __________ in technology tend to resemble one another (fill in the blank)
Hunting & Gathering Societies
Society is built on kinship, and specialization is minimal, centered chiefly around age and gender.
cultural evolution social evolution
SocioCultural Evolution is an umbrella term for theories of? (alphabetical)
SocioCultural Evolution
The changes that occur as a society gains new technology.
Industrialism
The family loses much of its importance and appears in many different forms.
Faster
The greater amount of technology a society has within its grasp, the __________ cultural change wil take place. (fill in the blank)
Industrialism
The growth of factories erodes many traditional values, beliefs, and customs.
Gerhard Lenski
The person who first developed the Sociocultural evolution
population production
The relationship between these two is the central thought of Gerhard Lenski (alphabetical)
Hunting & Gathering Societies
These societies are quite egalitarian and rarely wage war.
Gerhard Lenski
This person claims that members of a society are united by a shared culture, although cultural patterns become more diverse as a society gains more complex technology and information.
SocioCultural Evolution
This theory was first developed by Gerhard Lenski
Hunting & Gathering Societies
Until about twelve thousand years ago, all humans were hunter-gatherers.
Hunting & Gathering Societies
Use simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation.
Gerhard Lenski
an American sociologist known for contributions to the sociology of religion, social inequality, and ecological evolutionary social theory.
Agricultural Societies
are based on agriculture
Postindustrialism
are based on technology that supports an information-based economy.
Agrarian societies
can build up enormous food surpluses and grow to an unprecedented size. (other word for Agricultural Societies)
Horticultural & Pastoral Societies
employ a technology based on using hand tools to raise crops.
Hunting & Gathering Societies
groups are small, scattered, and usually nomadic.
SocioCultural Evolution
is an umbrella term for theories of cultural evolution and social evolution, describing how cultures and societies have changed over time
environment population production
lt is the relationships between these things that drive SocioCultural evolution (alphabetical)
Agricultural Societies
societies initiated civilization as they invented irrigation, the wheel, writing, Numbers, and metallurgy
Industrialism
the production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery.
Agricultural Societies
the technology of large-scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or more powerful sources of energy was formed
Horticultural & Pastoral Societies
these strategies encourage much larger societies to emerge.
Industrialism
while poverty continues to be a serious problem, most people's standard of living rises.