Sociology Exam 3

11. Mohit spent his days combing through garbage in Mumbai, India with his brothers and sisters. Sometimes he would find food, or something to sell for money. He never tried to overcome his lower-class status because he had seen his friends try and fail. So, he accepted his fate, and tried to live life as best he could in a closed society. Mohit is an example of someone living under: A meritocracy A dictatorship A caste system An oligarchy

A caste system

4. Gender Dsyphoria is: A condition of people whose gender at birth is contrary to the one they identify with

A condition of people whose gender at birth is contrary to the one they identify with

14. When Jeanette's parents find out her twin brother, Rex, had been sexually atice, theytell him to use prtection. When they found out Jeanette has beeen sexually active, hey ground her for a month. This is an example of: A double standard A misunderstanding Homophobia Gender identity

A double standard

15. Which of the following is NOT a product of gender stereotyping? A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter's eighth birthday

A father buying a basketball hoop for his daughter's eighth birthday

17. Elisa graduated from college with a double major and was inducted into the Phi Beta Kappa society. She was then offered a job in New York where she worked 12 hours a day and produced excellent results. Within two years she had over 100 employees working under her. Elisa's hard work was rewarded with a raise and a bonus. This form of promotion is based on the principles of: A meritocracy A democracy A caste system A closed stratification system

A meritocracy

7. The term sexuality is defined by the test as: A person's capacity for sexual feelings

A person's capacity for sexual feelings

3. The term sexual orientation can be defined as: A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a paticular sex.

A person's emotional and sexual attraction to a paticular sex.

10. What is the Kinsey Scale? A six-point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation.

A six-point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation.

4. 88 million people live on less than $1.00 a day. These people are said to be living in _____________. Subjective poverty Marginal poverty Absolute poverty Relative poverty

Absolute poverty

17. Which continent has the greatest number of impoverished nations in the world? Asia Africa South America North America

Africa

2. Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living? Income Employment Class All of the above

All of the above

15. 1967's Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia, a case which legally allowed interracial marriage, is an example of: Racism Stereotyping Amalgamation Assimilation

Amalgamation

18. In the United States, where outsourcing is almost always addressed negatively, companies still get away with outsourcing. How do they do this? Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to lower prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers.

Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to lower prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers.

1. Which continent has the largest number of people living in poverty in the world? Asia Africa South America North America

Asia

12. Angela believes that race relations in America are poor because the white ruling class has enacted various laws and regulations to keep other racial groups from achieving equality. With which sociological perspective does Angela's view best align? Functionalism Conflict theory Feminism Symbolic interactionist

Conflict theory

14. In recent times, scholars have been trying to sort out why the countries on the continent of Africa, as a whole, have trouble competing to today's global, capitalist economy. While an answer to this question is complex and carries with it many ambiguities, most scholars point to European colonialism as a key to understanding the current state of Africa. A sociologist studying this topic, would ascribe to which theoretical paradigm? Structural functionalism Symbolic interactionism Conflict theory Feminist theory

Conflict theory

20. When thinking about gender, Jeff sees men as the dominant social group and women the subordinate group. This exploitation of the suborfinate group has created social problems, such as high rates of poverty among singe mothers. Which sociological perspective best fit Jeff's views? Conflict theory Structural funtionalism Cyberfeminism Symbolic interactinoism

Conflict theory

3. Hope is desperate for the new designer purse that she saw while window shopping at her local mall. She knew every girl in school would covet her bag and wish to be like her. When she walked in, she whipped out her credit card, and purchased the $5,000 bag. This kind of purchasing is called Conspicuous consumption Popular consumerism Designer consumerism Credit card consumerism

Conspicuous consumption

8. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was created by: Third world countries Core nation countries Middle-income countries Asian and American countries

Core nation countries

6. Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms?

Core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

15. Areas that once had vast economic growth and large amounts of industry, but are now suffering from the effects of outsourcing are going through a period of: Industrialization Deindustrialization Post-industrialization Industrialization transition

Deindustrialization

5. In 2008 the United States, as well as the rest of the world, felt the effects of the recession. After the collapse of the housing market, people lost their jobs and they quit spending money. Many people could not afford their mortgages anymore and their homes went into foreclosure. For many people, it was a time of __________. Social stratification Social inconsistency Horizontal mobility Downward mobility

Downward mobility

13. In 2010, what did controversial Senate Bill 1070 propose, causing a series of protests and legal battles? During a lawful stop, detention, or arrest, Arizona police officers may establish the immigration status of anyone they suspect may be here illegally.

During a lawful stop, detention, or arrest, Arizona police officers may establish the immigration status of anyone they suspect may be here illegally.

18. It was time for Oli to marry. He had finished school and was starting a job. His parents chose a bride for him whose parents had the same amount of wealth and belonged to the same class as they did. Oli and his bride will have a(n) _________ marriage. Exogamous Endogmous Traditional Unconventional

Endogmous

1. Cate is the daughter of a Senator and the former CEO of a Fortune 500 company. Harry grew up on a farm, tilling the land for a living. They are planning a June wedding. They will have a(n)___________ marriage. Exogamous Traditional Endogamous Unconventional

Exogamous

14. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's executive order 9066, which authorized the establishment of internment camps for anyone with as little as one-eighth Japanese ancestry following Pearl Harbor, is an example of: Racial steering Communism Expulsion Genocide

Expulsion

2. An example of slavery, according to Anti-Slavery International, is: Factories employing adults at salary level Factories using child labor Children attending school Children playing with friends

Factories using child labor

19. What is the first agent of socialization? The law Family Friends School

Family

10. Cedric's uncle believes that racism and discrimination have made a positive impact on society - but only in the lives of those who are members of the dominant group. Which sociological perspective is Cedric's uncle coming from? Functionalism Conflict theory Feminism Symbolic interactionist

Functionalism

7. How is global stratification different from social stratification?

Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice and inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.

12. Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation? Gross National Income per Capita

Gross National Income per Capita

5. When Wendy's sorority sisters discover that Wendy is a lesbian, they hold a secret meeting to decide if Wendy should still be allowed to pledge. A handful of the sisters vote "no." This is an example of: Doing gender Bisexuality Homophobia Social imperialism

Homophobia

12. What seems to be the key (although not the rule) to upward social mobility? How well off your parents are How much education you have How many jobs you work How much you spend on your personal appearance

How much education you have

14. Charlotte was born to a lower class family in rural Pennsylvania. After taking a job in the mail room of a large corporate office, Charlotte is slowly promoted through the ranks and becomes CEO of the company by the age of 50. Compared to her parents, Charlotte's story demonstrates what type of social stratification? Structural mobility Intergenerational mobility Intragenerational mobility Downward mobility

Intragenerational mobility

10. What is particularly unique about the United States middle class?

It is broken into subcategories, upper and lower middle class.

13. Whose work do conflict theorists rely on to help form their arguments surrounding social stratification? Auguste Comte Durkheim Rene Decartes Karl Marx

Karl Marx

9. Which is an effect of absolute poverty that also contributes to its cyclical nature? Lack of education Home foreclosures Massive credit card debt Excellent healthcare

Lack of education

18. Arizona Senate Bill 1070, often referred to colloquially as the "papers, please" law, was aimed widely at those of: Irish descent Middle Eastern descent Chinese descent Mexican descent

Mexican descent

5. Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies? Upper class Middle class Lower class The amount of people in each class has been about the same for the past 10 years

Middle class

19. Which trend has the World Bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations? More women live in poverty than men.

More women live in poverty than men.

9. Symbolic interactionists have come to the conclusion that: Most people do not care about social rank and standing Only lower class people drink beer Only upper class people can enjoy a good game of polo Most people only socialize with people in their same social class

Most people only socialize with people in their same social class

11. Women's employment outside the agricultural sector remains under 20 percent in all of the following EXCEPT: Northern Africa

Northern Africa

3. According to the social construction of race school of thought, race is: Based only on geographic regions No longer in existence A product of the media Not biologically identifiable

Not biologically identifiable

16. Which statement would you find in the analysis of poverty by Neckerman and Torche? Once poverty has entered a geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of.

Once poverty has entered a geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of.

6. Asad's first grade class is diverse: there are two students from Korea, five students from South America, two students from the United States, three students from Kuwait, a student from Mexico, two students from England, and five students from western Europe. Asad's class is: Segregated Pluralistic Assimilated Profiled

Pluralistic

17. The term discrimination is defined in the text as: Prejudiced action against a group of people.

Prejudiced action against a group of people.

11. Which of the following is an example of racial steering? Real estate agents directing white clients to look for housing in certain neighborhoods, and non-white clients to others.

Real estate agents directing white clients to look for housing in certain neighborhoods, and non-white clients to others.

13. What is the difference between sex and gender? Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

12. Peggy accepts a job offer as an advertising copywriter. Her boss immediately assigns her campaigns for products such as makeup and cleaning products. Peggy asks for different clients, but her boss tells her she should stick to what she and "her kind" know best. Peggy is experiencing: Sexual orientation Sexism Masochism Homophobia

Sexism

7. One main issue in studying global social inequality is: Social inequality is relative and therefore, difficult to compare across cultures Other term not included in Study Filler for multiple choice questions This might be the right answer?

Social inequality is relative and therefore, difficult to compare across cultures

18. Jenny is given a doll for her 2nd birthday, while her brother, Tyrone, is given a fire truck. This is an example of gender ___. Bending Indifference Socialization Stratification

Socialization

16. Tasha believes that gender is about the division of labor in the family. In the pre-industrial era, men were the hunter-gatheres and bread-winners, and women were keepers of the home. After World War II, changes in the family structure allowed women to become breadwinners also, altering the roles of the family. From what sociological perspective do Tasha's thought come? Conflict theory Structural functionalism Cyberfeminism Symbolic interactionism

Structural functionalism

10. The two regions with the highest risk of social unrest are:

Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East-North Africa region

11. In which country is sex education required in public schools? The United States Sweden England Nigeria

Sweden

6. In 1973, the American Psychological Association (APA) declassified homosecuality as an abnormal or deviant disorder. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in the statement the (APA) made to society? Exchange theory Structural functionalism Cyberfeminism Symbolic interactionism

Symbolic interactionism

7. Max believes that most people's racial beliefs are based on images conveyed in popular media since many people never meet members of certain races for themselves. Max's perspective is: Funcionaist Conflict theorist Feminist Symbolic interactionist

Symbolic interactionist

4. The Davis-Moore Thesis states:

That the more society values a particular profession, the more the people in that profession will make

19. Which group within the United States has been stereotyped as the model minority? The Asian American community The African American community The Arab American community The Hispanic American community

The Asian American community

16. Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today? World War I The Fall of the British Empire The French Revolution The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution

8. Biological deterninism is: The belief that men and women behave differently due to differences in their biology

The belief that men and women behave differently due to differences in their biology

8. Speedy Gonzalez is a popular cartoon character, but is widely considered an inappropriate stereotype. Many children are raised watching Speedy Gonzalez cartoons, unaware that such stereotypes are negative. This is a product of: Genocide Intersection theory The culture of prejudice The scapegoat theory

The culture of prejudice

19. What is the most significant threat to the relatively high standard of living people are accustomed to in the United States? The decline of the middle class The feminization of poverty The growth of the upper class The stagnation fo wages for workers

The decline of the middle class

16. The term segregation is defined in the text as: The physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions.

The physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions.

4. The term assimilation is defined by the text as: The process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture.

The process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture.

1. Adolf Hitler blaming Germany's pre-war problems on the Jewish population is an example of: The scapegoat theory The social construction of race White privilege Pluralism

The scapegoat theory

8. GNI PPP, or gross national income divided by purchasing power parity, helps measure: The standard of living in a country The average level of education per person in a country The amount of inflation affecting a country's currency The average global interest rates fo loans

The standard of living in a country

17. What is the purpose of queer theory? To question the ways society perceives and experiences sex, gender and sexuality.

To question the ways society perceives and experiences sex, gender and sexuality

2. Chase grew up wanting to wear his sister's dresses over his brother's pants and button up shirts. When Chase turns 18, he decides to being living as a woman. Chase is sexually attracted to women. He decides he doesn't want to undergo surgery. Chase is... Transgender Bisexual Transexual Homophobic

Transgender

5. The majority of American citizens are descendents of immigrants? True False

True

9. A person's sex, as determined by his or her biology, does not always correspond with his or her gender. True False

True

15. A person's position in a country's social stratification is determined by: Wealth, power, income, race, education Other term not included in Study Filler for multiple choice questions This might be the right answer?

Wealth, power, income, race, education

9. In the United States, which race would be considered the dominant group? Hispanic White Black Asain

White

2. When Alexander, who is white, drives his car over the speed limit, a police officer lets him off with a warning. When Christopher, who is Hispanic, drives his car at the same speed as Alexander on the same road, the officer gives him a ticket, even though his record is clean. This is an example of: Affirmative action White privilege Intersection theory The social construction of race

White privilege

6. With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State's wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people? ⅓ (1/3) ¼ ⅛

⅓ (1/3)

3. Maria babysits as a form of income while she is in college. Because the amounts she gets per job are not huge, Maria never bothers to report her earnings to the IRS. Maria is a part of the _____________. Underground economy Under-reported economy Under-earning economy Under-paid economy

Underground economy

20. Since the social classes in the United States do not have any clear boundaries, how is a sociologist supposed to determine whether their subjects are in the upper class or the upper-middle class? Question that is definitely on study guide Upper middle is often defined as having control over ones life and the live of people around you, while the upper-middle class only has control over one's own life. The obvious answer Not the right answer

Upper middle is often defined as having control over ones life and the live of people around you, while the upper-middle class only has control over one's own life.

20. Which statement explains why Immanuel Wallerstein's classification is preferred by sociologist? Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric.

Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric.

13. Child labor and sweatshops have existed since the Industrial Revolution and even before that. Many products sold today are created in these sweatshops, even though, living in the 21st century, we like to think we are above such practices. What is one practical way we can try and stop multinational companies from using such labor? We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.

We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.

1. The term doing gender can be defined as: When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves.

When people perform tasks based upon the gender assigned to them by society and, in turn, themselves.