Sociology Exam #4

Power

Max Weber defined it as the ability to exercise or impose one's will over others

internal migration

Migration within a country

Disfranchisement

When a government bars an individual, either temporally or permanently from voting

white flight

Whites moving out of cities to suburbs to avoid mandatory busing or other integration measures imposed on school systems.

Women

Who is more likely to return home after a full day of paid labor and then have to put in a "second shift" at home taking care of domestic work?

immigration

entering another country from another

emigration

exit home country to enter another

care work

face-to-face activity in which one person meets the needs of another who cannot fully care for themselves

how symbolic interactionism sees family

family relations are mad with interactions between one another

direct displacement

forcing one to leave by raising prices

Monarchy

headed by a king or a queen (passed down)

Political Action Committee (PAC)

organization designed to raise money to support the interest of a particular group

urban/suburban sprawl

outside boundaries blur with one another

Special interest groups

people who think alike on an issue and mobilized for action

rural rebound

population increase in rural counties

Dictatorship

power held by an individual or entity (seized)

oligarchy

power seized by a small group of individuals

exogamy

practice of marrying someone from another social group

polygamy

relationship with multiple people

monogamy

relationship with one person

indirect displacement

sense of isolation, do not feel comfortable in their own town

simulated cities

social spaces designed to give the impression of a city

Political Action Committee (PAC)

solicit and spend funds form groups of donors to influence

gentrification

spatial expression of economic inequality

representative democracy

voters elect representatives to govern and make decisions on their behalf

Force, influence, and authority

what are the three basic sources of power within any political system?

the second shift

Arlie Hochschild's study of two-income families found that women are much more likely to do the majority of the unpaid labor after paid labor

Power Elite

C. Wright Mills; small networks of individuals who hold concentrated power in modern societies

True

Candidates from both major political parties in the U.S. spend a lot of money to try to win an election

two or more individuals related by blood, marriage, or adoption who share the same household

How does the US Census Bureau define "family"?

through a sexual division of labor within the home

according to conflict theory, how does the nuclear family facilitate exploitation?

revitalization

city planners have redesigned their central cities to make them more amenable to people moving in, especially higher income residents.

edge cities

clusters of large buildings away from the central business district

endogamy

cultural pressure to marry someone of the same social group as you

legal-rational

derived from written rules and regulations

direct democracy

eligible voters meet to discuss issue and make decisions

lobbyists

employed by special interest groups

Endogamy

in the US today, very few people marry outside of their own socioeconomic class, suggesting that their is a high degree of...

Traditional authority

legitimated because of customs or practice

charismatic authority

legitimated by leader's exceptional personal appeal

migration

movement of people from one place to another

Democracy

system of government in which authority derives from the people

social institutions

systems and structures that organize our group life, such as school, religion, and the government

homogamy

tendency to chose mates of the same social group

propinquity

tendency to chose people who live close to us

how structural functionalism sees family

the family does many things that are good for society

how conflict theory sees family

the family exploits women and inequality

centralized socialism

the means of production and distribution are collectively rather than privately owned

capitalism

the means of production are largely in private hand

urbanization

the moving of people from sparsely populated areas such as farms to densely populated areas such as large metropolitan areas

suburbanization

the shift of large core to the edges of a city

Demography

the study of the size, composition, distribution, and changes in human population

Mixed Economy

this is when both the state and individuals produce and distribute goods and services