T2
To help corporations, the courts ingeniously interpreted the 14th Amendment, which was designed to protect the rights of ex-slaves, to
Avoid corporate regulation by the states
233. During the late 19th Century, "open range" ranching existed in areas where ranchers
Allowed their cattle to graze on public lands
During the late 19th Century, "open range" ranching existed in areas where ranchers
Allowed their cattle to graze on public lands
Which of the following was IKE not involved in?
Building of the Berlin Wall
Which third party played an important role in the election of 1912?
Bull moose party
Which of the following historians is most closely associated with the idea that economic factors have shaped American History?
Charles Beard
1. The United States army supported Panama's 1903 war of independence against Colombia primarily because
Colombia was asking too high a price for control of the projected Atlantic-Pacific canal
Henry George argued that the unearned windfall profits of those who did not work for them should be
Confiscated by government taxation
Which of the following is not correctly paired?
Cyrus McCormick-Commonwealth vs. Hunt case
1. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following?
Declared the United States to be the "policeman" of the Western Hemisphere.
From 1830 to 1860, the percentage of white southern families owning slaves
Declined steadily
The Philippine nationalist who led the insurrection against both Spanish rule and United States occupation was
Emilio Aguinaldo
The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 guaranteed a substantial measure of public control over the American banking system through the final authority given to the
Federal Reserve Board.
All of the following contributed to the growth of the free African American population in the United States in the early nineteenth century EXCEPT
Federal constitutional provisions for emancipation
The symbolic end to Reconstruction occurred in 1877 when
Federal troops were withdrawn from the South
Role of African Americans in World War II
Fight in integrated combat units
1. What was the reaction of most Filipinos when they were liberated from Spanish control and occupied by American forces following the Spanish-American War?
Filipinos, angered at American actions, declared themselves independent and launched a violent rebellion that killed thousands and took two years to quell.
1. William Randolph Hearst's alleged quote, "you furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war," refers to
Frederic Remington's assignment to report on Spanish mistreatment of Cubans in 1898
Of the following, the one least related to the other three is
Frederick W. Taylor
1. Which of the following is most closely associated with the Populist movement?
Free coinage of silver
The principal foreign policy issue confronting the Wilson administration between the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 and the United States involvement in the conflict in 1917 was the
Freedom of the seas
President Washingtons neutrality proclamation of 1793 was issued in response to
French diplomatic overtures to invoke the Franco American alliance
Which of the following contributed most to the American victory in the revolution?
French military and financial assistance
Which of the following colonial powers exercised the least amount of control over the commercial and political practices in their colonies?
Great Britain
The North's advantages over the South at the outbreak of the Civil War included all of the following EXCEPT
Greater agreement over war aims
President Nixon's chief foreign policy advisory was
Henry Kissinger.
232. Hardships endured by farm families who settled on the Great Plains during the 1870s and 1880s included all of the following EXCEPT
Interference by the federal government
239. Which of the following 19th Century labor organizations had a firm policy accepting black workers as members?
International Workers of the World
Which of the following 19th Century labor organizations had a firm policy accepting black workers as members?
International Workers of the World
1. How did the U.S. government initially react toward movements to establish trade unions in businesses and factories in the latter half of the nineteenth century?
It actively supported business efforts to destroy unions before they could effectively establish themselves.
1. The creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913 did which of the following?
Made currency and credit more elastic.
1. What best accounts for the sharp increase of immigrants during the period 1880-1910?
Many southern and eastern Europeans turned to America for financial gain and political freedom.
During the Civil War, one aspect of the Southern economy was that
Many women became heads of households
Under the crop lien system, a farmer
Mortgaged his next harvest to a merchant in order to buy seed and support his family
The graph above refutes which of the following statements?
Most southern families held slaves.
The Hartford convention was a manifestation of
New England federalist opposition to the war of 1812
Slave owners drew on the African skills of their slaves in all of the following areas EXCEPT
Plantation management
Wilson's Fourteen Points incorporated all of the following except
Recognition of allied economic and territorial agreements made during the war
The direct primary was first pushed by
Robert La Follette
The religious denomination that responded most favorably to the New Immigration was
Roman Catholics
243. During the last quarter of the 19th Century, all of the following sports were popular EXCEPT:
Soccer
During the last quarter of the 19th Century, all of the following sports were popular EXCEPT:
Soccer
1. "The price which society pays for the law of competition... is great; but the advantages of this law are also greater... [W]hether the law be benign or not, we must say of it: It is here; we cannot evade it; ...it is best for the race, because it ensures the survival of the fittest in every department." The above passage is characteristic of
Social Darwinism
In 1860, the Republican Party attracted large numbers of voters from all of the following constituencies EXCEPT
Southern Democrats
18. Which of the following statements is true about immigration to the United States during the last two decades of the nineteenth century?
Southern and Eastern Europeans came in larger numbers than earlier in the century.
Which of the following statements is true about immigration to the United States during the last two decades of the nineteenth century?
Southern and Eastern Europeans came in larger numbers than earlier in the century.
Fullest extent of Hitler's advance in Europe and USSR
Stalingrad
The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 provided for
Temporary Union military supervision of the ex-Confederacy
1. Which of the following acts of Congress best exemplify the aims of the progressive era?
The Pure Food and Drug Act
1. Which of the following regulatory laws was passed as a result of Upton Sinclair's The Jungle?
The Pure Food and Drug Act
1. Which of the following constitutes a significant change in the treatment of American Indians during the last half of the nineteenth century?
The division of the tribal lands among individual members
The Radical branch of the Republican Party was able to influence decisions of Congress during much of Reconstruction because
The actions of President Johnson and the Democrats encouraged Radical Republicans and moderate Republicans to work together
As originally ratified, the United States Constitution provided for
an electoral college
The battleship Maine was sunk by
an explosion on the ship.
1. One of the major effects of the Industrial Revolution of the late nineteenth century in the United States was
an increased emphasis on speed rather than quality of work.
In an effort to overturn Jim Crow laws and the segregated system that they had created, African Americans used all of the following methods EXCEPT
appeals to foreign governments to pressure the United States to establish racial justice.
The Plains Indians were nearly exterminated
by the virtual extermination of the buffalo.
During Coolidge's presidency, government policy was set largely by the interests and values of
conservative New Englanders.
1. During the last decade of the nineteenth century, the primary use of the Sherman Antitrust Act was to
curb labor unions
1. The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 was aimed primarily at
curbing abusive pricing and hauling policies by the nation's railroads.
Black leader Dr. W.E. B. Du Bois
demanded complete equality for African-Americans.
1. All of the following account for nativist sentiment against the "new immigrants" of the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that the immigrants
dominated the professions of law, medicine, and engineering
The Social Security Act of 1935 provided all of the following except
health care for the poor.
1. During the closing decades of the nineteenth century, farmers complained about all of the following EXCEPT
high storage costs
Which of the following provided sources of revenue for the federal government in the period form 1800 to 1860?
iii. Customs duties iv. Land sales
Settlement houses such a s Hull House engaged in all of the following activities EXCEPT
instruction in socialism
Which of the following was primarily responsible for the declining death rate in American cities at the end of the nineteenth century?
interlocking directorate.
1. All of the following are true concerning the women's suffrage movement EXCEPT
it first met success in the New England states
All of the following were prime goals of earnest progressives EXCEPT
opposition to Prohibition.
When the Soviet Union denied the United States, Britain, and France access to Berlin in 1948, President Truman responded by
organizing a gigantic airlift of supplies to Berlin.
As a result of America's insistence that war debts be repaid,
nearly all U.S. allies repaid their loans
At first, John F. Kennedy moved very slowly in the area of racial justice because he
needed the support of southern legislatures to pass his economic and social legislation.
1. The Open Door policy of the early twentieth century called for
open access to China for American investment and commercial interests
Hoover's attempts to end the Depression
The establishment of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
240. During the late 19th Century, the nation's major cities demonstrated all of the following EXCEPT:
The expansion of most cities was carefully planned
During the late 19th Century, the nation's major cities demonstrated all of the following EXCEPT:
The expansion of most cities was carefully planned
In the presidential campaign of 1860, which of the following positions was asserted by the Republican party platform with respect to slavery?
The extension of slavery to United States territories should be prohibited by the federal government, but slavery should be protected in the states where it already existed.
6. Of the following, which was the most importance cause of agrarian discontent in the Unites States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
The feeling that the railroads were exploiting the farmers.
Of the following, which was the most importance cause of agrarian discontent in the Unites States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
The feeling that the railroads were exploiting the farmers.
Which of the following best describes the situation of freedmen in the decade following the Civil War?
The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters.
96. Which of the following was true of most Puritans who emigrated to seventeenth-century New England?
They considered themselves non-Separatists
1. Which of the following best characterizes the muck-rakers of the early twentieth century?
They were leading critics of urban boss politics.
Which of the following was LEAST involved in the struggle for women's rights? a) Elizabeth Cady Stanton b) Alice Paul c) Lucretia Mott d) Carrie Chapman Catt e) Dorothea Dix
e) Dorothea Dix
Immigrants to the United States in the last quarter of the 19th century came primarily from a) Latin America b) Asia c) Canada d) middle-class backgrounds e) European farms and villages
e) European farms and villages
Which of the following conditions in England motivated Puritans to migrate to New England in the 1630s? I. political repression of dissident Protestants II. an economic recession III. restrictions on Puritan religious practices a) I only b) II only c) III only d) I and II only e) I, II, and III
e) I, II, and III
The 1979 incident at Three Mile Island had which of the following effects? a) it intensified criticism of the Supreme Court b) it intensified American Indian political activism c) it forced the United States to reconsider the policy of "massive retaliation" d) it increased public pressure to free the United States from dependence on foreign energy sources e) It increased support for the movement against nuclear power
e) It increased support for the movement against nuclear power
What was the main reason for the major decrease in the number of Europeans immigrating to the United States in the 1920s? a) there was widespread prosperity in Europe after the First World War b) Most European countries passed laws forbidding immigration to the United states c) a significant increase in emigration from Latin America left fewer jobs for European immigrants d) fear of political persecution after the Palmer raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case discouraged many Europeans from emigrating e) The United States passed the Nation Origins Act
e) The United States passed the Nation Origins Act
"Let Southern oppressors tremble....I shall strenuously contend for immediate enfranchisement....I will be as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as justice." The author of the statement above was a) John C. Calhoun b) Stephan A. Douglas c) Henry Clay d) Abraham Lincoln e) William L. Garrison
e) William L. Garrison
The most unpopular and least successful of President Thomas Jefferson's policies was his a) advocacy of territorial expansion b) handling of the Barbary Coast pirates c) reduction of the size of the military d) reduction of the national debt e) adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France
e) adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France
In which of the following British North American colonies was slavery legally established by the early 1700's? a) the southern colonies only b) the middle and southern colonies only c) the tobacco and rice growing colonies only d) all the colonies except Pennsylvania and the New England colonies e) all the colonies
e) all the colonies
In the last quarter of the 19th century, American agriculture was characterized by a) a decline in the number of tenant farmers b) a decline in foreclosures on midwestern farms c) a decline in the number of farm cooperatives d) an increase in wholesale prices for farm products e) an increase in acres under cultivation
e) an increase in acres under cultivation
Theodore Roosevelt was the first President to a) use troops without congressional approval b) balance the federal budget c) advocate an antilynching bill d) pursue an imperialistic foreign policy e) arbitrate a labor dispute
e) arbitrate a labor dispute
http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist111/WilsonTalkToTheBoss.jpg The cartoon above portrays President Wilson trying to a) conceal from the public the true reason for United States entry into the First World War b) arouse public support for United States entry into the First World War c) assess the public's support of his bid for a third presidential term d) warn the public that Germany had not been treated fairly at Versailles e) arouse public support for the Treaty of Versailles
e) arouse public support for the Treaty of Versailles
From the 1880's to the beginning of the New Deal, the dominant American Indian policy of the United States government sought to a) strengthen traditional tribal authority b) relocate all American Indians to the Oklahoma territory c) encourage American Indian emigration to Canada d) encourage American Indians to preserve their languages and religions e) break up tribal landholdings
e) break up tribal landholdings
Which US action is NOT correctly paired with an event in international politics?
Troops sent to Korea-Churchill's Iron curtain speech
The "new right" movement that helped to elect Ronald Reagan was spearheaded by
evangelical Christians.
"Spoilsmen" was the label attached to those who
expected government jobs from their party's elected officeholders...
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act
explicitly legalized strikes and peaceful picketing.
the social gospel movement was largely guided by
Women
The Seneca Falls "declaration of sentiments and resolutions" dealt with
Women's rights
1. The settlement-house movement drew its workers primarily from which of the following groups?
Young, affluent, college-educated women
The Sixteenth Amendment provided for
a personal income tax.
The 1968 Democratic party convention witnessed
a police riot against antiwar demonstrators outside the convention hall.
1. In the cartoon shown above, Thomas Nast presents Boss Tweed as
a politician ruled by greed.
Theodore Roosevelt can best be described as
a poor politician with a commanding personality.
1. The Haymarket Incident involved
a riot between striking workers and police.
. President Roosevelt organized a conference in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1905 to
extend a grant of independence to the Philippines.
Throughout the first half of the 19th century, women reformers were most active in the cause of a) temperance b) woman suffrage c) pacifism d) immigrants' rights e) workers' rights
a) temperance
France negotiated a treaty of alliance with the new American nation in 1778 following a) the defeat of the British General Burgoyne at Saratoga b) American naval victories on the Great Lakes c) the dispatch of an American peace mission to Britain d) an ultimatum by American diplomats e) a personal plea by George Washington
a) the defeat of the British General Burgoyne at Saratoga
http://www.oah.org/pubs/nl/2005nov/Venerate-the-Plow.gif The illustration above was most likely meant to symbolize which of the following? a) the principles of republican agrarianism b) improvements in agricultural technology c) popular sovereignty d) large-scale Plains farming e) the cult of domesticity
a) the principles of republican agrarianism
Which of the following was a characteristic of colonial Pennsylvania? a) there was no established church b) founder William Penn endorsed a policy of removing American Indians to the western region of the colony c) poor farmland in the backcountry aggravated the colony's economic woes d) all white males could vote e) the office of governor was an elective post
a) there was no established church
When the Emancipation Proclamation was issued at the beginning of 1863, its immediate effect was to
strengthen the moral cause of the Union
President Truman's Marshall Plan called for
substantial financial assistance to rebuild Europe.
The American Protective Association
supported immigration restrictions.
1. The Palmer Raids of 1919 were conducted against
suspected communists and anarchists
The Pendleton Act required some appointees to public office to
take a competitive examination
The Farmer's Alliance was formed to
take action to break the strangling grip of the railroads....
1. The following is from Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives, an exposé of immigrant life in New York in the 1880s: "Six months of the year the cloakmaker is idle, or nearly so. Now is his harvest. Seventy-five cents a cloak, all complete, is the price in his shop. The cloak is of cheap plush, and might sell for eight or nine dollars over the store counter. Seven dollars is the weekly wage of this man with wife and two children, and nine dollars and a half rent to pay per month. A boarder pays about a third of it. There was a time when he made ten dollars a week and thought himself rich." According to the passage, an immigrant family was able to make ends meet by
taking in boarders to share the rent
After the Italian surrender in August 1943,
the German army poured into Italy and stalled the Allied advance.
1. "Now, a word about the whole Bible. I believe it is a master stroke of Satan to get us to doubt any portion of the Bible. If he can get us to doubt just one thing in that book, he has accomplished a great point, and it is going to be the overthrow of many a man's and woman's faith." The passage above, from the nineteenth century, expresses the viewpoint of the proponents of
the Gospel of Wealth
Conscription policies in the First and Second World Wars differed significantly in that in the Second World War
the draft began before the United States entered the conflict.
1. The farmers' protest movement lost momentum at the end of the 1890's for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
the absorption of the populists by the AFL (American Federation of Labor)
The major factor in draining country people off the farms and into the big cities was
the advent of new housing structures known as dumbbell tenements.
1. The "White Man's Burden" referred to
the belief that it was the duty of Whites to "civilize" non-white people through colonization or economic dominance of non-white lands.
1. The most important factor in the destruction of the Plains Indians' societies by Whites in the late nineteenth century was
the destruction of the Buffalo herds by Whites.
To President Reagan, "the focus of evil in the modern world" was
the federal bureaucracy.
Late-nineteenth-century farmers believed that their difficulties stemmed primarily from
the federal government
1. In the late nineteenth century, all of the following encouraged American jingoism EXCEPT
the flooding of American markets by foreign producers
1. The Niagara Movement resulted in
the formation of the NAACP
The American armed forces in Vietnam were composed largely of
the least privileged young Americans.
By the time of the American Revolution, most patriots had come to believe that, in republican govt, sovereignty was located in
the people
Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT
the right of nullification
The greatest single factor helping to spur the amazing industrialization of the post-Civil War years was
the steel industry
1. U.S. presidents between 1876 and 1900 were considered among the weakest in American history. A major reason for this was that
they considered themselves caretakers, not dynamic initiators of new legislation.
1. Thomas Nast achieved fame and influence as a
political cartoonist.
1. The political machines such as Tammany Hall which ran American cities at the turn of the century derived their strongest support from
poor immigrants and ethnic communities in the inner city.
The Virginia Resolves
protested against the Stamp Act of 1756
1. Someone who emigrated to the United States during the nineteenth century probably chose his or her new hometown based on where
relatives already lived
1. In its decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court held that
separate but equal facilities for different races were constitutional
1. The American Federation of Labor under the leadership of Samuel Gompers organized
skilled workers in craft unions in order to achieve economic gains
The Roosevelt Corollary added a new provision to the Monroe Doctrine that was specifically designed to
stop European colonization in the Western Hemisphere.
The North American colonies took advantage of Great Britain's policy of salutary neglect to
work out trade arrangements to acquire needed products from other countries
The Dred Scott decision held that a slave
was private property even in a free territory
In the 1896 case of Plessey v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that
"separate but equal facilities were constitutional.
All of the following occurred in 1876 EXCEPT the
Completion of the first transcontinental railroad line
The central part of President Lincoln's plan for post-war Reconstruction was that
10% of those who voted in 1860 must take a loyalty oath
In which year would the population of an Atlantic seacoast city most likely have appeared as follows?
1850
17. Which of the following would have been most likely to support the presidential campaign of William Jennings Bryan in 1896?
A Kansas farmer
The second Sioux War (1875-1876), which saw the defeat of Custer at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, was caused by all of the following EXCEPT
A concentrated effort on the part of the major Protestant denominations to convert the Sioux to Christianity
1. Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South?
A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers
Which of the following would most likely have said, "...children should be children as long as they can"?
A mid-nineteenth-century educational reformer
As Secretary of State for President Lincoln, William H. Seward pursued a foreign policy that promoted
A worldwide American empire
Impact of Bakke v Board of Regents of California
Affirmative action
1. ". . . the United States is woefully unready, not only in fact but in purpose, to assert in the Caribbean and Central America a weight of influence proportional to the extent of its interest. We have not the navy, and what is worse, we are not willing to have the navy, that will weigh seriously in any disputes with those nations whose interests will conflict there with our own. We have not, and we are not anxious to provide, the defense of the seaboard which will leave the navy free for its work at sea." This passage was most likely written by
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Provisions of the Paris Accords of 1973. Which of the following was not included?
America had to stop military and financial aid to South Vietnam
1. Which of the following led immediately and directly to Theodore Roosevelt's issuance of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine?
American fear that financial instability in the Dominican Republic would lead to European intervention
98. In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, American agriculture was characterized by
An increase in acres under cultivation
In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, American agriculture was characterized by
An increase in acres under cultivation
As a result of U.S. support for Israel in 1973 when it was attacked by Egypt and Syria,
Arab nations placed an embargo on oil to America
Which of the following statements about American cities between 1890 and 1930 is correct?
Area of residence increasingly became an indicator of social class
1. Which of the following statements about American cities between 1890 and 1930 is correct?
Area of residence increasingly became an indicator of social class.
25. All of the following were considered legitimate functions of the federal government in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT
Assuring the welfare of the poor and unemployed
All of the following were considered legitimate functions of the federal government in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT
Assuring the welfare of the poor and unemployed
1. In the period 1890-1915, all of the following were generally true about African Americans EXCEPT:
Back-to-Africa movements were widely popular among African Americans in urban areas.
Which of the following was not associated with our foreign relations with France in the 1790s?
Barbary pirates
The United States government's outlawing of the Indian Sun (Ghost) Dance in 1890 resulted in the
Battle of the Little Big Horn
The individual who best represented the Enlightenment in colonial America was
Benjamin Franklin
Speech about island of hope among communism referring to where?
Berlin
1. The United States Open Door policy in Asia did which of the following?
Bolstered American commercial interests in China.
Which of the following is a correct statement about the Gilded Age?
Business activity expanded and contracted frequently
President Jimmy Carter's most spectacular foreign policy achievement was the
Camp David agreement between Israel and Egypt.
At the time of the Gold Rush, the richest land in California was owned by
Californios
248. During the late 19th Century, the increase in population due to the New Immigration spurred the growth of
Catholic parochial schools
During the late 19th Century, the increase in population due to the New Immigration spurred the growth of
Catholic parochial schools
1. Which of the following was primarily responsible for the declining death rate in American cities at the end of the nineteenth century?
Cities began to provide free medical care to those who needed it.
Which of the following was primarily responsible for the declining death rate in American cities at the end of the nineteenth century?
Cities began to provide free medical care to those who needed it.
Which of the following was primarily responsible for the declining death rate in American cities at the end of the 19th century?
Cities built sewers and supplied purified water.
237. Between 1880 and 1900, the number of women who worked as
Clerks increased substantially
During the First World War, the Committee on Public Information issued propaganda to persuade the American people of all of the following EXCEPT:
Congress should reject the League of Nations.
during the first world war, the committee on public information issued propaganda to persuade the American people of all of the following except
Congress should reject the League of nations
1. Which of the following best characterizes the "Square Deal" of Theodore Roosevelt?
Conservation, trust-busting, consumer protection
Describe the economy of the 1970s
Consumeristic and prosperous. Can't remember the question
92. The precipitating factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman's
Cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents
Why did Nixon win the presidency in 1968?
Cordial relations with media
1. What did the Sherman Anti-Trust Act use as a rationale for breaking up large corporations?
Corporations had to be in restraint of trade.
Little houses song.
Criticism of suburban growth
77. In 1890 the most important source of revenue for the federal government was
Customs taxes/duties
The Spanish American War spurred building of the Panama Canal by
Demonstrating the need to shift forces quickly from the Atlantic to the Pacific
Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) V-J Day, (B) V-E Day, (C) D-Day, and (D) Invasion of Italy:
DCBA
1. Which of the following was used as "scientific evidence" by wealthy American industrialists in the latter half of the nineteenth century to prove that they deserved the wealth they had accumulated?
Darwin's theory of natural selection
Hoover's ideology
Deficit spending
All of the following account for nativist sentiment against the "new immigrants" of the late 19th century EXCEPT that the immigrants
Dominated the professions of law, medicine, and engineering
1. Which of the following reformers fought for the rights of the mentally ill?
Dorothea Dix
One characteristic of the nation's economy during the period from 1800-1860 was that per capita income
Doubled and the price of goods fell
The horizontal integration of American industry (i.e. one firm acquiring control of other firms that produce the same product) that occurred at the end of the nineteenth century was primarily a response to
Economic competition
One of the most prominent ideas associated with the Grange movement of the 1870s was
Economic cooperatives
The official government investigation of John F. Kennedy's assassination was led by
Earl Warren
245. All of the following examples of popular literature were products of the second half of the 19th Century EXCEPT:
Edgar Rice Burrough's Tarzan of the Apes
All of the following examples of popular literature were products of the second half of the 19th Century EXCEPT:
Edgar Rice Burrough's Tarzan of the Apes
How did the Korean War end?
Ended in a stalemate
During the Civil War, the United States Congress adopted a policy towards banks designed to
Establish a national banking system
Fascist aggression in the 1930s included Mussolini's invasion of ________, Hitler's invasion of ________, and Franco's overthrow of the republican government of _________.
Ethiopia; Czechoslovakia; Spain.
70. The Dutch settled New Netherland primarily to
Expand their commercial and mercantile network
236. During the late 19th Century, vertical integration specifically allowed businesses to
Expand their control over production and distribution as well as manufacturing
During the late 19th Century, vertical integration specifically allowed businesses to
Expand their control over production and distribution as well as manufacturing
Which of the following statements about African American soldiers during the Civil War is correct?
For most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank.
In its Declaration of Causes of Secession of December 1860, South Carolina charged that fourteen states "have deliberately refused for years past to fulfill their constitutional obligations." The part of the Constitution to which the South Carolina Declaration referred was the
Fugitive-slave clause
Describe the containment philosophy
General MacArthur's letter to Congressman Joseph Martin kennan's article "sources of societ conduct"
President Wilson insisted that he would hold_______ to "strict accountability" for ________.
Germany; the loss of American ships and lives to submarine warfare.
Which of the following beliefs was central to eighteenth-century Deism?
God created a universe governed by natural law
1. Which of the following is true of the American rail system in the nineteenth century?
Government subsidies and land grants played a major role in its expansion.
The immediate concern that prompted the announcement of the Truman Doctrine was related to events in
Greece and Turkey.
The question of the annexation of ___________ touched off the first major imperialistic debate in American history.
Hawaii
The United States gained a perpetual lease on the Panama Canal Zone in the
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty.
1. Which of the following is true of W. E. B. Du Bois?
He founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
In part, President Lincoln refrained from taking action to emancipate slaves until the Civil War had been in progress for almost two years because
He sought to retain the loyalty of border states
Trace Gerald Ford's rise to the presidency
He was neither President or VP
. A Century of Dishonor (1881), which chronicled the dismal history of Indian-white relations, was authored by
Helen Hunt Jackson
1. As a direct result of the Spanish-American War, the United States gained control over: i.the Philippines ii.Cuba iii.Puerto Rico iv. Hawaii
I and III only
Which of the following accurately describes the Harlem Renaissance
I and III only
1. Most immigrants arriving in the United States between 1890 and 1925 came from i.Russia ii.Great Britain iii.China iv.Italy
I and IV only
The hostility of the Know-Nothing party was directed primarily against
Irish and German Catholic immigrants
"I am in earnest—I will not equivocate—I will not excuse—I will not retreat a single inch—and I will be heard." The quotation expresses the sentiment of which group interested in the subject of slavery?
Immediate abolitionists
The Republican Party originated in the mid-1850s as a sectional party committed to which of the following?
Immediate emancipation of the slaves
241. During the last quarter of the 19th Century, the most significant source of population growth in American cities was
Immigration from abroad
During the last quarter of the 19th Century, the most significant source of population growth in American cities was
Immigration from abroad
Dr. Francis Townsend's contribution to the New Deal
Implementing of federal program of old-age benefits
1. Which of the following were the most persistent problem facing municipalities in the United States throughout the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
Inadequate water and sewer systems
All of the following statements about indentured servitude in colonial America are true EXCEPT:
Indentured servants could not be sold as property
178. In Democracy in America, Alexis de Tocqueville described the growth of an aristocracy in the United States based on
Industrial wealth
In Democracy in America, Alexis de Tocqueville described the growth of an aristocracy in the United States based on
Industrial wealth
Which of the following held that those living in US territories are not accord the same constitutional rights as US citizens
Insular Cases
the first federal regulatory agency designed to protect the public interest from business combinations was the
Interstate Commerce Commission
1. Of the following policies pursued by President Theodore Roosevelt, which was NOT a main objective of American progressives?
Intervention in the affairs of Central American governments
. During the 1950s, the Central Intelligence Agency engineered pro-American political coups in both
Iran and Guatemala.
1. Which of the following statements regarding the American Federation of Labor is true?
It considered the strike its strongest weapon.
1. Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large corporations.
Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large corporations.
Which of the following statements about the Emancipation Proclamation is NOT accurate?
It immediately freed all slaves living in the united states
1. Which of the following is true of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887?
It was an attempt to assimilate the Indians into American society through individual land grants.
Which of the following statements about the "American System" is correct?
It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency
1. Which of the following was true of the American labor movement in the late nineteenth century?
It was involved in a number of violent strikes.
Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in the late 1800's ?
Its policy of organizing skilled craftsmen
1. Which of the following muckraker's work dealt with the misery of tenement life?
Jacob A. Riis
The four slave states which remained in the Union during the Civil War were
Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland and Delaware
1. Which of the following was the most broadly based labor organization in the late nineteenth century?
Knights of Labor
Which of the following was the most broadly based labor organization in the late 19th century?
Knights of Labor
1. The only dominant, broad-based labor union in the United States from 1870-1890 was the
Knights of Labor.
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was primarily used to curb the power of
Labor unions
Factors contributing to the Great Depression
Lack of credit to help consumers sustain economic growth
1. What part of the world was targeted by the Good Neighbor Policy?
Latin America
The Alliance for Progress was intended to improve the level of economic well-being and create non-communist allies in
Latin America.
Between 1870 and 1900,farmers did all of the following in an attempt to better their conditions EXCEPT
Limit production of crops
185. The American Renaissance is a phenomenon best described as
Literary
The American Renaissance is a phenomenon best described as
Literary
Which statement accurately reflects the status of manufacturing by 1860?
Manufacturing accounted for one-third of the nation's total production
The first proprietary colony was
Maryland
The chief cause of farm protest in the late 19th century was
Middlemen, trusts, and railroads
1. Which of the following best accounts for the fact that Slavic immigrant in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries settled principally in Midwestern cities like Pittsburgh, Detroit, and Chicago?
Midwestern steel, meatpacking, and other mass production industries offered many unskilled jobs.
In which Supreme Court decision did the Court rule that as long as property was "devoted to public use," states could place regulations on the railroads for the good of the public?
Munn v. Illinois
Components of FDR's legislative agenda
Nationalization of the banks
1. Which of the following was the intended result of the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887?
Native Americans would be coaxed off reservations by land grants and would thus assimilate into Western culture.
1. What late nineteenth-century thesis is associated with Captain Alfred Mahan?
Naval power is the key to international influence.
Issues surrounding the second front in Europe
Of British reluctance and lack of adequate shipping
At the Hampton Roads Conference of February 1865, President Lincoln
Offered generous terms to the South for a post-war settlement
Causes of American victory in the Battle of the Atlantic
Organized allied "w+3s" to chase down German U-Boats
During Reconstruction in the South, the political impact of what conservatives called "Negro rule" was that African-Americans
Participated in politics but they did not dominate events
When Lincoln met Harriet Beecher Stowe he reportedly said "So you're the little lady who stated the war." Actually an earlier female could also lay claim to that honor. She precipitated a crisis in Jackson's cabinet that forced Vice-President Calhoun out of office, and cemented him more deeply into a position as spokesman (or the slave South. Who was the earlier woman who also "started the war"?
Peggy Eaton
The principle of separate but equal facilities for blacks and whites was set down in
Plessy vs. Ferguson
In the election of 1844,
Polk narrowly won on a platform of expansion, a lower tariff, and the independent treasury system
Causes of the recession of 1937
Premature tightening of credit and cutback in spending of new deal programs
In 1861 the north went to war with the south primarily to
Preserve the Union
Goals of the American Indian movement (AIM) during the 60s and 70s
Pretty sure it had to do with redistributing land to different tribe. Previous legislation tried to put all the tribes in the same area. (?)
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, enunciated by president Theodore Roosevelt in his annual message to congress in May 1904, did all of the following EXCEPT
Proposed massive foreign aid program to stabilize the governments of Latin America
The "initiative" provides a method of
Proposing legislation by the voters
The principal motivation for drafting the bill of rights was the desire to
Protect rights not specified in the constitution
238. In 1894, President Cleveland sent United States troops to Chicago to end a strike at the Pullman Palace Car Company, citing the responsibility of the federal government specifically to
Protect the mail
All of the following elements of the Radical Republican program were implemented during Reconstruction EXCEPT
Provision of 40 acres to each freedman
244. During the last quarter of the 19th Century, Americans show business flourished in all of the following mediums EXCEPT:
Radio
During the last quarter of the 19th Century, Americans show business flourished in all of the following mediums EXCEPT:
Radio
1. What issues did farmers have with railroads in the late nineteenth century?
Railroads fixed prices and charged discriminatory freight rates.
The primary purpose of the Stamp Act was to
Raise revenues to support British troops stationed in America
Which of the following stressed the importance of individual inspiration, self-reliance, dissent, and nonconformity?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
1. Mark Twain's classic stories, such as Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn, typified a trend toward which of the following themes in turn-of-the-century American literature?
Realistic
57. In the late nineteenth-century controversy over the social and religious implications of Darwinian theory, all of the following popular beliefs were felt to be threatened by Darwin EXCEPT the
Reality of change in the world
In the late nineteenth-century controversy over the social and religious implications of Darwinian theory, all of the following popular beliefs were felt to be threatened by Darwin EXCEPT the
Reality of change in the world
President Johnson was impeached by Congress following his attempt to
Remove Secretary of War Stanton
Impact of Roe v Wade
Reproductive rights is in Constitution
The proclamation of 1763 did which of the following?
Set a boundary along the crest of the Appalachians beyond which the English colonists were forbidden to settle
Which of the following was true of a married woman in the colonial era?
She generally lost control of her property when she married.
In the United States v. E.C. Knight Company, the Supreme Court ruled that
Since the company was involved in production and not commerce, it fell under state jurisdiction
242. The Social Gospel movement of the late 19th Century emphasized
Social responsibility as a means to salvation
The Social Gospel movement of the late 19th Century emphasized
Social responsibility as a means to salvation
Results of the Tet Offensive
South/America actually won the battle, not North. However, there was general disapproval of the battle in America 10
When abolitionists warned the nation about "Slave Power," they referred to a group of
Southern slave holders intent on controlling the nation
Radical Republicans opposed President Johnson's approach to Reconstruction for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
Southern states were slow to repudiate secession
Describe the demographic movements of the 1950s
Southwest
Which of the following has NOT been offered by historians as an explanation of the United States entry into the war with Spain in 1898
Spain was blatantly interfering with United States maritime rights as a nonbelligerent power
1. The primary cause of the Spanish-American War was
Spanish occupation of the Panama Canal.
1. The cartoon above refers to the results of which war? (Fat, striped pants)
Spanish-American War
134. One of the most important long-term political activities of the Daughters of the Liberty was
Spinning their own cloth
One of the most important long-term political activities of the Daughters of the Liberty was
Spinning their own cloth
"In 1800 schoolchildren (ages 5-19) spend an average of only fourteen days in school each year. By 1850 this figure had nearly doubled, going to twenty-six days, and by 1860 it had risen to forty days per year, almost triple the figure for 1800. By 1860 the literacy rate at age twenty had attained modern levels, exceeding ninety percent among Whites." This passage describes results brought about chiefly through
State and local efforts on behalf of public schools
In the Emancipation Proclamation, President Lincoln announced that as of January 1st, 1863, he would free slaves in
States in rebellion against the United States
235. In the Civil Rights Cases of 1883, the Supreme Court
Struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875
The early nineteenth-century Native American leader who urged the Indian tribes in the Old Northwest Territory to unify to protect their lands was
Tecumseh
1. Which of the following statements about the American Federation of Labor (AFL) is NOT accurate?
The AFL opposed restrictions on immigration into the United States.
1. Which of the following labor organizations endorsed the philosophy of "bread and butter" unionism by concentrating on demands for higher wages, shorter hours, and improved working conditions?
The American Federation of Labor
Which of the following labor organizations endorsed the philosophy of "bread and butter" unionism by concentrating on demands for higher wages, shorter hours, and improved working conditions?
The American federation of labor
1. Which of the following occurred during Taft's presidency?
The Ballinger-Pinchot Affair
The earliest successful blockade of the South by the Union navy during the Civil War was off the coast of
The Carolinas
1. What event in the late nineteenth century helped encourage urban planning in the United States?
The Chicago World's Fair
1. Which of the following acts was the most beneficial to labor?
The Clayton Antitrust Act
1. What strike in the 1890s led to violence and death in the steel industry?
The Homestead strike of 1892
1. What radical labor organizers gained workers' rights in the textile industry in the early twentieth century?
The IWW, or Wobblies
Between 1800 and 1860, the region with the fastest growing urban population was
The Middle Atlantic states
1. As a result of the Spanish-American War, Spain relinquished to the United States control of Puerto Rico, Cuba, and which of the following?
The Philippines
During the year 1860, all of the following occurred EXCEPT:
The Supreme Court issued its decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford
The Pendleton Act was enacted in response to
The assassination of president James Garfield
Failure of the American government to help German Jews
The belief that most Jews would be better off migrating to Israel
Which of the following best describes the administrations of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge?
The business of government is business
Results of the Korean War
The containment principle was repudiated as a viable policy
1. What made the federal intervention in the 1902 coal strike different from previous labor conflicts?
The government was more impartial and did not support management.
All of the following were factors in the failure of the United States to join the League of Nations after the First World War EXCEPT
The influence of the soviet union within the league
In the seventeenth century, which of the following was true of slavery in British North America?
The number of slaves officially accounted for more than thirty percent of the colonial population
1. Which of the following statements about woman suffrage is true?
The only states with complete woman suffrage before 1900 were west of the Mississippi.
1. What helped cause the Panic of 1873?
The overexpansion of American railroads led to speculation.
Which of the following was a serious constitutional question after the Civil War?
The political and legal status of the former Confederate states
1. What era is referred to as the Gilded Age?
The post-Civil War Era
When Thomas Jefferson said in 1801, "We are all republicans--we are all federalists," he meant that
The principles of the American govt were above party politics
1. All of the following were reasons for the failure of the People's (Populist) party EXCEPT:
The prosperity of the early 1890's undermined popular support for Populist economic reforms.
The greatest single factor helping to put the amazing industrialization of the post Civil War years was
The railroad network
The "trail of tears" refers to
The removal of the Cherokees and other Native American tribes to Oklahoma
The progressives attacked a number of social, political and economic evils in the American system EXCEPT
The rights of African - Americans
Which of the following statements best describes the clothing industry in the late 19th century?
The sewing machine made mass manufacturing of clothing possible and clothing more affordable
1. Which of the following statements best describes the clothing industry in the late nineteenth century?
The sewing machine made mass manufacturing of clothing possible and clothing more affordable.
246. The Civil Service movement of the 1880s was designed specifically to challenge
The spoils system
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the impact that industrialization had on the American worker
The standard of living for most workers improved by the late nineteenth century, but workers had become mere mechanisms in the production process
1. All of the following statements about higher education in the United States from 1865 to 1917 are correct EXCEPT:
The teaching of religion became increasingly important at major northeastern institutions.
All of the following statements about higher education in the United States from 1865 to 1917 are correct EXCEPT
The teaching of religion became increasingly important at major northeastern institutions.
60. The anticombination laws passed by numerous states in the late 1880's were a response to which of the following organizational innovations?
The use of stockholding trusts to create business oligopolies
1. In what way did the muckrakers contribute to the rise of Progressivism in the early years of the twentieth century?
Their exposés of government and business corruption, abuse, and mismanagement led to widely supported public demands for effective reform.
Which of the following was true of the Northeast American Indian tribes at the time Europeans first began colonization?
Their political and linguistic differences hindered their united opposition to the Europeans
Which of the following accurately describes the Chinese population in the United States in 1860?
There were almost twenty times as many Chinese men compared to the number of Chinese women
1. Which of the following was true of the settlement-house workers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
They included large numbers of middle-class, college-educated women.
The vision of America as a country of yeoman farmers is most often associated with
Thomas Jefferson
During Reconstruction, Southern Blacks typically did which of the following?
Tilled farms as renters and sharecroppers
Impact of the following on soviet-us relations?
U-2 spy plane incident
Under William Howard Taft's "dollar diplomacy,"
Wall Street bankers were encouraged to invest their money in foreign areas.
When President Lincoln first advocated an end to slavery, he recommended all of the following EXCEPT:
United States citizenship for freed slaves
The two critical battles of July 1863 which signaled defeat for the Confederacy were
Vicksburg and Gettysburg
1. Which of the following had integration rather than Black separatism as a goal?
W. E. B. Du Bois and the Niagara movement
Politically the decade of the 1920's
Was dominated by conservative presidents
Beginning in the late 1860s, the influence of African-American voters and black officials decreased largely do to
White violence against black political activists
"Let Southern oppressors tremble...I shall strenuously contend for immediate enfranchisement...I will be as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as justice." The author of the statement above was
William L. Garrison
The crop lien system which influenced southern agriculture within twenty years after the Civil War was based on the idea that farmers
Would purchase supplies using a portion of a future crop as collateral
1. What trend in news reporting became popular in America near the beginning of the twentieth century?
Yellow journalism
1. Theodore Roosevelt's mediation in the Russo-Japanese War reflected his belief that United States interests were best served by
a balance of power between Russia and Japan
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine expanded America's role in a) Central America and the Caribbean b) the Philippines c) North Africa d) Asia e) Europe
a) Central America and the Caribbean
The Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case in 1857 effectively repealed the a) Missouri Compromise b) Fugitive Slave Act c) Ostend Manifesto d) Wilmot Proviso e) the 11th amendment to the Constitution
a) Missouri Compromise
Which of the following civil rights groups is NOT correctly matched with one of its leading figures? a) Southern Christian Leadership Conference...Marcus Garvey b) Black Panthers...Huey Newton c) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People...Roy Wilkins d) Black Muslims...Malcolm X e) Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committe...Stokely Carmichael
a) Southern Christian Leadership Conference...Marcus Garvey
Which of the following is an example of Progressive Era legislation? a) The Pure Food and Drug Act b) The Hawley-Smoot Tariff c) The Comstock Law d) The Pendleton Act e) The Dawes Severalty Act
a) The Pure Food and Drug Act
Which of the following emerged during the Progressive Era as the most influential advocate of full political, economic, and social equality for Black Americans? a) W. E. B. DuBois b) Frederick Douglass c) Booker T. Washington d) Ida B. Wells e) Langston Hughes
a) W. E. B. DuBois
Influential critics of the 1950's, such as David Riesman, were most concerned with which of the following aspects of life in the United States following the Second World War? a) alienation and conformity in modern society b) schooling for the baby-boom generation c) the economic responsibilities of being a world superpower d) the threat to the nation from communist subversion e) the spread of political corruption
a) alienation and conformity in modern society
Pinckney's Treaty with Spain is considered a diplomatic highlight of Washington's administration because it a) allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans b) ceded Florida to the United States c) invited Americans to settle in Texas d) opened Spanish Caribbean ports to American trade e) withdrew Spain's military forces from the Caribbean
a) allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans
During the Gilded Age, which of the following groups generally voted Republican? a) black northerners b) southern Protestant farmers c) Roman Catholic immigrants d) unskilled wage earners e) confederate war veterans
a) black northerners
All of the following have been cited as reasons for the dropping of atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 EXCEPT the need to a) block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States b) keep the Soviet Union out of the war against Japan c) save American lives d) demonstrate American superiority in weaponry to the Soviet Union e) force the unconditional surrender of Japan
a) block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States
The policy of containment, justified by George Kennan's 1947 analysis of the international situation, called for a) blocking the expansion of the Soviet Union's influence b) curbing United States foreign investment to limit involvement in world conflict c) liberating Eastern Europe from communism d) destabilizing the Soviet Union e) dividing Germany into zones administered by the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union
a) blocking the expansion of the Soviet Union's influence
The major objective of the antipoverty programs of Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society was to a) break the cycle of poverty among poor people through education and job training b) provide temporary benefits to the "new poor" during times of recession c) transfer the federal government's responsibility for welfare back to the states d) simplify welfare by replacing job programs with cash grants for the poor e) build a socialist society in the United States
a) break the cycle of poverty among poor people through education and job training
By the 1750's, the British colonies on the North American mainland were characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a) disdain for British constitutional monarchy b) many religious denominations c) a society without a hereditary aristocracy d) a growing number of non-English settlers e) acceptance of slavery as a labor system
a) disdain for British constitutional monarchy
Which of the following best characterizes the writings of American authors F. Scott Fitzgerald, e. e. cummings, and Sinclair Lewis? a) disillusionment with modern American society b) glorification of modern American capitalism c) celebration of Black culture d) glamorization of war e) reaffirmation of traditional American values
a) disillusionment with modern American society
The Dawes Act (1887) did which of the following? a) divided Native American tribal lands into individual holdings b) promoted the preservation of Native American cultural identity c) granted immediate citizenship to Native Americans d) set up the reservation system e) forbade the use of Native American languages in public schools
a) divided Native American tribal lands into individual holdings
Which of the following groups was LEAST likely to respond with enthusiasm to the religious fervor of the Great Awakening in the 1730s and 1740s? a) established merchants in cities like Boston and Philadelphia b) Presbyterians in the southern colonies c) backwoods farmers isolated on the colonial frontier d) landless sons in New England communities e) itinerant preachers unable to find permanent parishes for themselves
a) established merchants in cities like Boston and Philadelphia
http://www.ets.org/Media/Tests/PRAXIS/taag/0089/img/VB541294.gif Which of the following generalizations can be supported by the information provided in the map above? a) frontier life tended to promote the acceptance of greater political equality for women b) fewer women lived in the southeastern states than in other parts of the country; therefore, suffrage was less of an issue c) none of the states of the Confederacy granted votes to women before 1920 d) the Seneca Falls Movement resulted in gains in the area of political and legal rights for women e) states that made free public education a priority led the way in extended the vote to women
a) frontier life tended to promote the acceptance of greater political equality for women
The primary power granted to the Civil Rights Commission created in 1957 was the authority to a) investigate and report on cases involving discrimination b) issue writes to enforce its decision after a hearing c) initiate court cases to challenge gender discrimination d) fine employers found guilty of discriminatory hiring practices e) grant monetary awards to victims of discrimination
a) investigate and report on cases involving discrimination
Which of the following is true of the 1935 Social Security Act? a) it legislated a tax that transfers money from workers to pensioners b) it provided health insurance for anyone who needed it c) it created benefits for the needy by using taxes on corporate profits d) it made the United States the first industrialized country to provide a social welfare system e) it was ended during the first hundred days of the New Deal
a) it legislated a tax that transfers money from workers to pensioners
Which of the following was true of the United States Constitution as adopted at the Constitutional Convention? a) it was built on a series of compromises b) it provided exact specifications covering all aspects of government c) it was a revised version of the English Constitution d) it included a Bill of Rights e) it allowed all male citizens over the age of 21 to vote
a) it was built on a series of compromises
Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in the late 1800s? a) its policy of organizing only skilled craftsmen b) its organization of all workers within a single industry into one union c) its policy of racial inclusiveness d) its campaign for a minimum wage e) its active recruitment of immigrant workers
a) its policy of organizing only skilled craftsmen
Under the Articles of Confederation the United States central government had no power to a) levy taxes b) make treaties c) declare war d) request troops from states e) amend the Articles
a) levy taxes
All of the following contributed to discontent among soldiers in the Continental Army EXCEPT a) most soldiers were draftees b) the soldiers feared for the welfare of families back home c) the army had inadequate arms and ammunition d) the army paid soldiers in depreciated paper money e) the army was inadequately fed and clothed
a) most soldiers were draftees
http://historyscoop.files.wordpress.com/2007/01/tweed.jpg The cartoon above is a commentary on late-ninteenth-century a) municipal corruption b) imperialism c) labor unrest d) business monopolies e) civil-rights campaigns
a) municipal corruption
The Republican party originated in the mid-1850's as a sectional party committed to which of the following? a) opposition to the further extension of slavery into the territories b) immediate emancipation of the slaves c) repeal of Whig economic policies d) restriction of immigration e) acknowledgement of popular sovereignty as the basis for organizing federal territories
a) opposition to the further extension of slavery into the territories
Under Chief Justice John Marshall, Supreme Court decisions tended to a) promote business enterprise b) restrict federal powers of taxation c) restrict corporate development d) expand state control of economic activity e) reduce federal control of the economy
a) promote business enterprise
The goal of the American Colonization Society was to a) return freed slaves to Africa b) recruit immigrant labor for American factories c) assimilate recent immigrants into American society d) extend United States influence to overseas colonies e) promote western expansion by funding internal improvements
a) return freed slaves to Africa
one reason early 20th century muckrakers were able to have a significants impact on society was because a) sales and circulation of newspapers and magazines increased b) most citizens of the United States were already convinced that Jim Crow laws must be overturned c) they had the sympathy and support of industrialists like Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller d) drought conditions in the Midwest drew attention to social problems e) radio programs devoted to the problems in cities attracted wide listening audiences
a) sales and circulation of newspapers and magazines increased
Which of the following best explains why Massachusetts Bay officials banished Anne Hutchinson? a) she challenged gender roles and Puritan orthodoxy b) she was found guilty of practicing witchcraft c) she preached the doctrine of predestination d) she gave birth to a child out of wedlock e) she opened an unlicensed tavern
a) she challenged gender roles and Puritan orthodoxy
The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late 19th and early 20th centuries generally did which of the following? a) strengthened the position of big business b) strengthened the regulatory powers of the federal government c) strengthened the position of organized labor d) protected the civil and political rights of African Americans e) protected the civil and political rights of women
a) strengthened the position of big business
Which of the following best describes the position on slavery of most northerners during the sectional crises of the 1850s? a) they were willing to accept slavery where it existed but opposed further expansion to the territories b) they were active supporters of complete abolition c) they favored continued importation of slaves from Africa d) they advocated expansion of the slave system to provide cheap labor for northern factories e) they advocated complete social and political equality for all races in the United States
a) they were willing to accept slavery where it existed but opposed further expansion to the territories
Which of the following transportation developments opened the West to settlement and trade between 1790 and 1830? a) turnpikes and canals b) railroads and steamships c) turnpikes and railroads d) clipper ships and turnpikes e) canals and railroads
a) turnpikes and canals
The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson did which of the following? a) upheld segregated railroad facilities b) declared civil rights legislation unconstitutional c) upheld literacy testing as a condition of voting in federal elections d) outlawed segregation in public schools e) restricted the right to purchase or sell land
a) upheld segregated railroad facilities
After the Revolution, the concept of the "republican mother" suggested that a) women would be responsible for raising their children, especially their sons, to be virtuous citizens of the young republic b) voting would soon become a privilege granted to educated and/or married women c) the first duty of mothers was to serve the needs of the government d) wives and mothers would be welcome in the emerging political parties e) women's virtues had been the inspiration for the ideals of the Revolution
a) women would be responsible for raising their children, especially their sons, to be virtuous citizens of the young republic
How did the US intervene in Iran and Guatemala during the Eisenhower administration?
a. Iran - Contra controversy grew distrust for congress in public opinion (?)
In the antebellum period, free African Americans were
able to accumulate some property in spite of discrimination
Jefferson's purchase of Lousiana had its origins in his desire to
acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops
By the 1890s, the United States was bursting with a new sense of power generated by an increase in
all of the above
Which of the following best describes the message of this cartoon? (Join, or Die)
an appeal to the colonies to unify against the threat from France
1. A member of the Social Gospel movement would probably
argue that Christians should work to reorganize the industrial system and bring about international peace
In the early 1920s, the United States' ___________was a glaring exception to its general indifference to the outside world.
armed intervention in the Caribbean and Central America
1. The United States took control of the Philippines in 1898
as a result the Spanish-American War
1. The intent of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to
assimilate American Indians into the mainstream of American culture
The intent of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to
assimilate American Indians into the mainstream of American culture.
"In the new Code of Laws which I supposed it will be necessary for you to make I desire you would Remember the Ladies." The appeal quoted above was made by a) Judith Sargent Murray b) Abigail Adams c) Philip Freneau d) Mercy Otis Warren e) Thomas Pain
b) Abigail Adams
"I have come to this country to introduce an entire new state of society; to change it from an ignorant, selfish system to an enlightened social system which shall gradually unite all interests into one and remove all causes for contest between individuals." The statement above was made by which 19th century Utopian reformer? a) John Humphrey Noyes b) Robert Owen c) Karl Marx d) Andrew Carnegie e) Ann Lee
b) Robert Owen
Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in the New World, was founded by a) three aristocratic proprietors seeking private gain b) a joint stock company anxious to return a profit to investors c) Sir Walter Raleigh, wishing to gain favor with Elizabeth I d) King James I, eager to gain a base for expeditions against Spanish shipping e) John Smith, seeking to spread Christianity
b) a joint stock company anxious to return a profit to investors
When war broke out in Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson established a policy that called for a) immediate American aid to the Allied powers b) acknowledgement of American neutral rights on the high seas c) American trade with Europe on a cash-and-carry basis only d) a strict embargo on trade with all warring nations e) strict prohibition of American travel on the ships of belligerents
b) acknowledgement of American neutral rights on the high seas
The immediate effect of Andrew Jackson's attack on the Second Bank of the United States in 1834 was a) the creation of the "independent treasury" b) an expansion of credit and speculation c) the failure of state bank d) the establishment of modern banking regulations e) the creation of a federal deficit
b) an expansion of credit and speculation
The primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763 was to a) encourage westward colonial migration b) avoid conflict with the trans-Appalachian Indians c) gain much-needed revenue d) drive out French colonists e) provide a haven for Catholics
b) avoid conflict with the trans-Appalachian Indians
Although Congress accepted most of Alexander Hamilton's economic proposals, it rejected his a) report on the Public Credit b) call for direct subsidies to manufacturers c) plans for a Bank of the United States d) call for a whiskey tax e) call for a tariff
b) call for direct subsidies to manufacturers
The National Organization for Women (NOW) was founded in 1966 in order to a) encourage women to believe in the "feminine mystique" b) challenge sex discrimination in the workplace c) oppose the proposed Equal Rights Amendment d) advocate restrictions on access to abortion e) advocate equal access for women to athletic facilities
b) challenge sex discrimination in the workplace
Shay's Rebellion frightened many Americans when a) city mobs raided flour supplies in Philadelphia b) debt-ridden farmers attacked courts in western Massachusetts c) Indians raided frontier settlements in Virginia d) squatters terrorized proprietors in New York e) vigilantes in South Carolina patrolled the frontier
b) debt-ridden farmers attacked courts in western Massachusetts
Daniel Webster's address to the Senate in 1830 in reply to Senator Hayne is best remembered for its a) attack on the Tariff of Abominations b) defense of the principal of national union c) assertion of the idea of States' rights d) apology for New England's disloyalty in the War of 1812 e) praise for President Andrew Jackson
b) defense of the principal of national union
The first massive migration of Black Americans from the South occurred during which of the following periods? a) immediately following the Civil War b) during and immediately after the First World War c) during the Great Depression d) in the decade after the Second World War e) during the civil rights movement of the 1960's
b) during and immediately after the First World War
Marcus Garvey's prominence during the 1920s arose from his a) establishment of a political party focusing on civil rights issues b) emphasis on the importance of Black pride and Black nationalism c) development of a national network of Black-owned businesses d) financial and literary contributions to the Harlem Renaissance e) service as an unofficial adviser to Presidents and cabinet members
b) emphasis on the importance of Black pride and Black nationalism
Which of the following achievements of the "carpetbag" governments survived the "Redeemer" administrations? a) participation by both Whites and African Americans in local government b) establishment of a public school system c) election of American American majorities to state legislatures d) establishment of a vigorous Republican Party in the South e) opening of public facilities to African Americans
b) establishment of a public school system
Perfectionism in the mid 19th century is best defined as a) improvement in the manners of the lower classes b) faith in human capacity to achieve a better life on earth through conscious acts of will c) the rewards of church membership and regular attendance at Sunday services d) allegiance to the political tenets of Jacksonian Democracy e) belief in the inevitability of economic progress
b) faith in human capacity to achieve a better life on earth through conscious acts of will
President Jackson resisted the admission of Texas into the Union in 1836 primarily because he a) acknowledged the legitimacy of the Mexican government's claim to Texas b) feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery c) was ideologically opposed to territorial expansion d) could find no support within his own party for admitting Texas e) believed that admitting Texas would violate international law
b) feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery
All of the following contributed to the decline of open-range cattle ranching at the end of the 19th century EXCEPT a) excessively cold winters b) federal recognition of American Indian land claims c) a drop in cattle prices at stockyards d) overgrazing e) production of crops for distant markets
b) federal recognition of American Indian land claims
http://www.worldofstock.com/slides/PHI2364.jpg the purpose of the Liberty Loan Campaign illustrated in the drawing above was to a) encourage young men to enlist in the army b) finance American involvement in the First World War c) support the establishment of Boy Scout troops throughout the nation d) aid in the implementation of New Deal programs e) support funding for Franklin Roosevelt's Lend-Lease program
b) finance American involvement in the First World War
The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it a) represented the Union's deepest thrust into southern territory b) forestalled the possibility of European intervention c) resulted in the border states joining the Confederacy d) marked the first use of Black troops by the Union army e) confirmed George McClellan's status as the leading Union general
b) forestalled the possibility of European intervention
All of the following accurately describe Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France EXCEPT: a) it opened the Mississippi River permanently to western farmers b) it ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements c) it was made possible by the failure of Napoleon's forces to suppress a slave revolt in Haiti d) it showed Jefferson's considerable flexibility in dealing with foreign policy e) it violated Jefferson's own views concerning the strict construction of the Constitution
b) it ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements
Which of the following is a true statement about the Treaty of Paris that ended the American Revolutionary War? a) it resulted in the return of all property confiscated from Loyalists by individual American states during the war b) it recognized United States sovereignty over territory east of the Mississippi, between the Great Lakes and Florida c) it led to the speedy withdrawal of all British troops from American soil d) American negotiators consistently followed the guidelines specified by the Continental Congress e) the only parties to the treaty were Great Britain and the allied nations, the United States and France
b) it recognized United States sovereignty over territory east of the Mississippi, between the Great Lakes and Florida
Which of the following was true of women in the five years following the Second World War? a) those working outside the home demanded equality in pay and promotion opportunities b) large numbers left their industrial jobs to make room for returning soldiers c) they contributed to a sudden decline in the birth rate by employing new family planning techniques d) large numbers were elected to high office because of their contributions to the war effort e) young women participated in a revolution in manners and morals that challenged the values of their parents
b) large numbers left their industrial jobs to make room for returning soldiers
Between 1870 and 1900, farmers did all of the following in an attempt to better their condition EXCEPT a) seek state regulation of railways b) limit production of crops c) organize cooperative marketing societies d) form a third political party e) advocate inflation of the currency
b) limit production of crops
Which of the following principles was established by the Dred Scott decision? a) Congress could abolish slavery at will b) national legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories c) the rights of all people are protected by the Constitution d) slaves residing in a free state automatically became free e) through squatter sovereignty, a territory had the sole right to determine the status of slavery within its territorial limits
b) national legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories
In adopting the 14th amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with a) protecting the powers of the southern state governments established under Andrew Johnson b) protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves c) ending slavery d) guaranteeing all citizens the right to vote e) establishing the Freedman's Bureau
b) protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves
The "Three-Fifths Compromise" originally contained in the Constitution referred to the a) proportion of states permitted to practice slavery b) rate at which one slave counted toward congressional representation c) number of African Americans who could vote d) number of adult women who could vote e) number of American Indians allowed citizenship
b) rate at which one slave counted toward congressional representation
The Jefferson administration advocated which of the following changes as a means of restoring republican ideals? a) abolishing the Bank of the United States b) reducing the scope of activities of the federal government c) discontinuing the funding of state debts d) increasing the size of the United States military e) adopting the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions at the national level
b) reducing the scope of activities of the federal government
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) did which of the following? a) denounced business combinations in restraint of trade b) sanctioned separate but equal public facilities for African Americans c) declared that the 14th amendment applied principally to the protection of corporations d) defined the Constitution as color-blind e) empowered Congress to cancel treaties with American Indian tribes unilaterally
b) sanctioned separate but equal public facilities for African Americans
The Republican Presidents of the 1920's favored a) membership in the League of Nations b) tax cuts for wealthy Americans c) stringent federal regulation of American business d) reduced American tariffs on foreign imports e) forgiveness of European war debts from the First World War
b) tax cuts for wealthy Americans
Major domestic developments in the United States during President Eisenhower's two terms included all of the following EXCEPT a) a rise in the gross national product (GNP) b) the dismantling of New Deal welfare programs c) the peaking of the postwar baby boom d) the exodus of Black families from the rural South e) the beginning of construction of an interstate highway system
b) the dismantling of New Deal welfare programs
One means by which President Hoover attempted to fight the Great Depression was a) the establishment of the Tennessee Valley Authority b) the establishment of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation c) a lowering of barriers to free trade d) the early payment of bonuses to veterans e) direct government aid to the needy
b) the establishment of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
The Supreme Court ruling in Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of a) flag burning as a form of free speech b) the internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity c) prohibiting Japanese workers from immigrating to the United States d) private prayer in public schools e) excluding Japanese American children from California public schools
b) the internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity
All of the following were considered lower class pastimes in the Gilded Age EXCEPT
bicycling
"The problem lay buried, unspoken, for many years in the minds of American women. It was a strange stirring, a sense of dissatisfaction, a yearning that women suffered...Each suburban wife struggled with it alone. As she made the beds, shopped for groceries, matched slipcover material, ate peanut butter sandwiches with her children, chauffeured Cub Scouts and Brownies, lay beside her husband at night-she was afraid to ask even of herself the silent question-'Is this all?'" The author of the statement above most likely was a) Angelina Grimke b) Susan B. Anthony c) Betty Friedman d) Angela Davis e) Phyllis Schlafly
c) Betty Friedman
Prior to the Civil War, a transformation occurred in the workforce of the New England textile mills as New England farm girls were replaced by a) French-Canadian immigrants b) freed African Americans from the South c) Irish immigrants d) German immigrants e) Italian immigrants
c) Irish immigrants
The first attempt to apply the doctrine of popular sovereignty in determining the status of slavery occurred in a) Texas b) California c) Kansas d) Missouri e) Oregon
c) Kansas
"We believe that the time has come when the railroad corporations will either own the people or the people must own the railroads...We demand a national currency, safe, sound, and flexible...We demand a graduated income tax...We demand a free ballot" Which of the following groups included the passage above in its platform? a) American Federation of Labor b) Union-Labor Party c) People's Party (Populists) d) National Grange e) Democratic Party
c) People's Party (Populists)
Which of the following is a correct statement about college-level education in the 20th century United States? a) state universities increased scholarship aid during the Depression b) private universities raised admission standards during the 1940's c) The GI Bill financed the education of male students during the post-Second World War era d) the "baby boomers" finished college in large numbers in the 1950's e) there was a sharp decline in college enrollment during the Vietnam War
c) The GI Bill financed the education of male students during the post-Second World War era
Which of the following best describes the situation of freedmen in the decade following the Civil War? a) Each was given 40 acres of land and a mule by the Union government b) All were immediately granted political equality by the Emancipation Proclamation c) The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters d) They were required to pass a literacy test before being granted United States citizenship e) They supported the passage of Black Codes to ensure their economic and political rights
c) The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters
http://newoldage.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/21/new-lives-for-dead-suburban-malls/ The 1950s picture above shows what some social critics believed to be a) the cause of decreased agricultural production b) tangible evidence of the strength of the nation's largest cities c) a representation of the conformity of postwar culture d) the end of social and economic differentiation in housing e) a sign that Americans were becoming more tolerant of cultural differences
c) a representation of the conformity of postwar culture
Which of the following aroused the greatest controversy in the United States at the end of the Spanish-American War? a) payment of a $20 million indemnity to Spain b) humanitarian efforts on behalf of concentration camp victims c) acquisition of the Philippine Islands d) Liberation of Cuba from Spanish control e) increases in the size of the army and navy
c) acquisition of the Philippine Islands
Margaret Sanger is best known for her a) contribution to the radical suffragist movement b) endorsement of coeducation c) advocacy of birth control d) presidency of the Women's Christian Temperance Union e) organization of the Women's Trade Union League
c) advocacy of birth control
William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" oration was primarily an expression of his a) fundamentalist religious beliefs b) neutral stance toward the belligerents of the First World War c) advocacy of the free and unlimited coinage of silver d) opposition to teaching the theory of evolution in public schools e) anti-imperialist convictions
c) advocacy of the free and unlimited coinage of silver
The Missouri Compromise did which of the following? a) prohibited slavery in all the territory of the Louisiana Purchase b) provided for admission to the Union of all future states in pairs of one free, one slave c) allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state d) finally settled the question of congressional power over slavery in the territories e) provided for the annexation of Texas
c) allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state
In the 1930s the Great Depression resulted in a) a dramatic increase in the emigration to Canada b) a major migration from California to the Central Plains c) an increase in the number of transient people searching for work d) a dramatic increase in the number of foreign immigrants e) a significant increase in the birth rate
c) an increase in the number of transient people searching for work
Progressive reformers rejected Social Darwinism because they believed that a) all races were equal in ability b) personal development was influenced solely by hereditary factors c) conflict and competition did not necessarily improve society d) science had no role in society e) society was fixed by the laws of nature and incapable of significant change
c) conflict and competition did not necessarily improve society
The Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT), expanded trade with the Soviet Union, and President Richard Nixon's visit to the People's Republic of China were all facets of the policy of a) brinkmanship b) deterrence c) detente d) rollback e) liberation
c) detente
The American home front in the Second World War is best described as a) politically divided over the wisdom of the American war effort b) unaffected by the ethnic and racial tensions c) economically invigorated by military spending d) rededicated to the reform efforts of the New Deal e) demoralized by food shortages
c) economically invigorated by military spending
The Dutch settled New Netherland primarily to a) secure a refuge for the persecuted b) check the growth of English colonies in North America c) expand their commercial and mercantile network d) gain colonies to produce agricultural surpluses e) secure naval supplies
c) expand their commercial and mercantile network
The LEAST prosperous group in the 1920s consisted of a) workers in older industries like steel and railroads b) workers in newer industries like radio and automobiles c) farmers in the Midwest and the South d) skilled workers threatened by new labor-saving technologies e) workers in service industries
c) farmers in the Midwest and the South
Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives is a study of a) Jim Crow segregation and its effect on African Americans b) the plight of Great Plains farmers in the 1890's c) immigrant urban poverty and despair in the 1890's d) the corruption in city political machines in the 1890's e) the rise of industrial capitalists in the late 19th century
c) immigrant urban poverty and despair in the 1890's
"Reaganomics," or supply-side economics, led to which of the following? a) a decline in unemployment and poverty b) greater tax revenues than government expenditures c) large increases in the incomes of wealthy Americans d) an increase in appropriations for school lunches e) lower military expenditures than during the Carter administration
c) large increases in the incomes of wealthy Americans
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Longshoremen-1901.jpg/350px-Longshoremen-1901.jpg The union membership card pictured above is designed to accomplish which of the following? a) encourage United States workers to unite against foreign competition b) assure the public that strikes and walkouts were not part of union policy c) link union membership with patriotic and religious images d) point out the dangers of working as a longshoreman e) show that membership in the longshoremen's union was open only to workers born in the United States
c) link union membership with patriotic and religious images
The Navigation Acts were part of the British policy known as a) isolationism b) capitalism c) mercantilism d) monopolism e) imperialism
c) mercantilism
In 1950 a major factor in President Harry Truman's commitment of American troops to combat North Korea aggression was a desire to a) force Congress to appropriate more money for the armed services b) preserve South Korea's markets for United States exports c) overcome the stigma that the Democratic party had "lost" China to communism d) convince Americans that containment was an inefficient way to deal with communist expansion e) direct the focus of American postwar foreign policy away from Europe
c) overcome the stigma that the Democratic party had "lost" China to communism
Jasksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that a) an aristocracy posed no danger to the Republic b) the National Republicans alone knew what was right for the people c) political participation by the common man should be increased d) political rights should be granted to women e) franchise restrictions should be racially neutral
c) political participation by the common man should be increased
One of the immediate consequences of the Tet Offensive in 1968 was that a) Presiden Johnson completed the process of Vietnamization b) North Vietnamese troops took control of Saigon c) popular support for the war declined in the United States d) the South Vietnamese government was overthrown e) Congress gave greater support for President Johnson's war policies
c) popular support for the war declined in the United States
The purpose of the Lend-Lease Act was to a) create military bases outside the borders of the United States b) lend money to impoverished farmers c) provide military supplies to the Allies d) provide subsidies to railroads and businesses e) exchange scientific information among nations
c) provide military supplies to the Allies
Parliament enacted the Stamp Act (1765) primarily to a) regulate trade between the colonies and European nations b) strengthen the communication network within the colonies c) raise revenue to pay for British troops in the colonies d) regulate commercial activity within colonies e) control population movement to the colonial backcountry
c) raise revenue to pay for British troops in the colonies
Wilson's Fourteen Points incorporated all of the following EXCEPT a) open diplomacy b) freedom of the seas c) recognition of Allied economic and territorial agreements made during the war d) creation of an international organization to preserve the peace and security of its members e) national self-determination
c) recognition of Allied economic and territorial agreements made during the war
Which of the following is true of the slave system in 18th century British North America? a) the slave system was legal only in the southern colonies b) indentured servants increasingly replaced slaves in the southern colonies c) slaveowners gained increased legal power over their slaves d) most slaves worked on cotton plantations e) all the southern colonies passed laws against freeing slaves
c) slaveowners gained increased legal power over their slaves
"Competition is a law of nature...and can no more be done away with than gravitation...[I]f we do not like survival of the fittest, we have only one possible alternative, survival of the unfittest. The former is the law of civilization, the latter is the law of anti-civilization." The quote above is an example of which of the following schools of thought? a) dialectical materialism b) utopian socialism c) social darwinism d) transcendentalism e) existentialism
c) social darwinism
In his Atlanta Compromise speech, Booker T. Washington called for which of the following? a) African American voting rights b) an end to racial segregation c) support for African American self-help d) educational equality for African Americans e) racial integration of religious organizations
c) support for African American self-help
The "graying" of American since the 1970s is widely seen as threatening which of the following? a) the American tourist industry b) the consumer culture of American society c) the long-term viability of the social security system d) voter turnout in local and national elections e) immigration quotas
c) the long-term viability of the social security system
Which of the following was a serious constitutional question after the Civil War? a) the restoration of the power of the federal judiciary b) the legality of the national banking system c) the political and legal status of the former confederate states d) the relationship between the United States and Britain e) the proposed annexation of Columbia
c) the political and legal status of the former confederate states
In the decade following the Second World War, the Supreme Court decision that had the most widespread consequences concerned which of the following? a) immigration policy b) Congressional reappointment c) the rights of minority groups d) the jurisdiction of courts in determining war guilt e) the federal government's powers of taxation
c) the rights of minority groups
Which of the following was true of most Puritans who emigrated to 17th century New England? a) they had renounced the Church of England b) they rejected the authority of the English king c) they considered themselves non-Separatists d) they approved of the Crown's religious policy e) they intended to return eventually to England
c) they considered themselves non-Separatists
The Congress of Industrial Organizations was most interested in unionizing which of the following? a) migrant farmworkers b) white-collar factory managers c) unskilled and semiskilled factory workers d) sailors on American merchant ships e) women clerical workers
c) unskilled and semiskilled factory workers
John F. Kennedy's strategy of "flexible response"
called for a variety of military options that could be matched to the scope and importance of a crisis.
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution
cast serious doubt on a literal interpretation of the Bible
1. Progressives supported greater participation in the political process through all of the following EXCEPT
city manager government
Much of the prosperity of the 1950s and 1960s rested on
colossal military budgets.
The largest public works project during Eisenhower's presidency was
construction of the interstate highway system.
Results of the Korean War
containment policy was a viable policy
The Compromise of 1850 provided a concession to the South by
creating a new Fugitive Slave Law
The United States involvement in Vietnam increased dramatically in the 1950s with the withdrawal of a) Japanese b) British c) Chinese d) French e) Soviets
d) French
The Federalist papers challenged the conventional political wisdom of the 18th century when they asserted that a) a republican form of government could succeed only in small countries b) limitations on the popular will led to tyranny c) a weak central government was the only guarantee of individual rights d) a large republic offered the best protection of minority rights e) political parties were crucial to the success of the new government
d) a large republic offered the best protection of minority rights
During the 1930's, the Great Depression led to a) the nationalization of major industries b) the strengthening of the family unit and a higher birth rate c) a decline in highway construction d) a mass internal migration of Americans looking for work e) a decrease in labor union membership
d) a mass internal migration of Americans looking for work
Kent State University was the site in 1970 of which of the following events? a) a rock concert second only to the Woodstock concert in the number of attendees b) a highly publicized sit-in advocating women's rights c) the first event in observance of Earth Day, which sought to increase public awareness of environmental degradation d) an anti-war demonstration in which four students were killed by members of the national guard e) a demonstration by African American, Hispanic, and White students in support of affirmative action that helped draw public attention to the issue
d) an anti-war demonstration in which four students were killed by members of the national guard
In the United States, the Haitian rebellion of the 1790's prompted a) the acquisition of Puerto Rico for colonization by emancipated slaves b) a movement of free African Americans to Haiti c) the passage of a federal law increasing the severity of punishments for slave rebellions d) an increased fear of slave revolts in the South e) a military expedition of southern slaveholders to restore French rule in Haiti
d) an increased fear of slave revolts in the South
Alexander Hamilton's financial program was most favorable to a) western farmers b) war veterans c) southern planters d) eastern merchants e) state banks
d) eastern merchants
The Compromise of 1850 did which of the following? a) admitted Texas to the Union as a slave state b) admitted California to the Union under the principals of popular sovereignty c) prohibited slavery in the District of Columbia d) enacted a stringent fugitive slave law e) adjusted the Texas-Mexico boundary
d) enacted a stringent fugitive slave law
During his presidency, Richard Nixon did which of the following? a) supported the use of busing to end racial segregation in public schools b) intensified conflict between the United States and Japan c) abolished the Tennessee Valley Authority d) ended American participation in the war in Vietnam e) created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
d) ended American participation in the war in Vietnam
The Black Power movement of the late 1960s advocated that African Americans a) organize political parties sympathetic to communism b) establish African American communities in Africa c) seek the racial integration of northeastern cities d) establish control of their political and economic life e) assimilate into White society
d) establish control of their political and economic life
The Northwest Ordinances did which of the following? a) provided for the annexation of the Oregon Territory b) Established reservations for Native Americans c) Granted settlers a free homestead of 160 acres d) established the terms for settlement and admission of new states e) banned slavery north of the 36 30' line
d) established the terms for settlement and admission of new states
Which of the following statements about African American soldiers during the Civil War is correct? a) they were primarily engaged in military campaigns west of the mississippi b) they were limited to noncombat duty c) they were barred from receiving awards for valor in combat d) for most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank e) for most of the war, they were led by African American officers
d) for most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank
The flappers of the 1920's challenged traditional American attitudes about women by supporting a) a federal birth control and abortion rights protection law b) gender equality in salaries c) and equal rights amendment d) greater freedom in manner of dress and moral behavior e) a federal law to establish prenatal clinics in rural areas
d) greater freedom in manner of dress and moral behavior
In the 1930's, the movement led by Dr. Francis Townsend contributed to congressional approval of a law a) insuring the bank deposits of consumers b) securing federal protection of labor union organizers c) providing larger federal subsidies to farmers d) implementing a federal program of old-age benefits e) protecting ethnic minorities from discrimination
d) implementing a federal program of old-age benefits
Which of the following is true of the case of Marbury v. Madison? a) it established that Congress had the sole right to formulate national legislation b) it supported Thomas Jefferson in his claim to have "executive review" c) it backed William Marbury in his request for a bank charter d) it affirmed the principle of judicial review e) it determined the Senate's right to "advise and consent"
d) it affirmed the principle of judicial review
Which of the following is true of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution? a) it ended the Vietnam War b) it barely passed in Congress, reflecting the bitter division over American involvement in Vietnam c) it was a statement of American policy that followed the Tet Offensive d) it allowed the President to deploy combat troops in South Vietnam e) it provided for the first peace negotiations between the United States and North Vietnam
d) it allowed the President to deploy combat troops in South Vietnam
Members of the Hudson River School were best known for their paintings of a) portraits b) battle scenes c) sporting scenes d) landscapes e) still lifes
d) landscapes
Policy initiatives during Franklin D. Roosevelt's first two presidential terms included all of the following EXCEPT a) restricting agricultural production b) restoring public confidence in the banking system c) deficit financing d) nationalizing basic industries e) creating new jobs in the public sector
d) nationalizing basic industries
The principal reason for the formation of the Dixiecrat party in 1948 was the opposition of dissident Democrats to President Truman's a) establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency b) removal of General MacArthur from his military command c) support for the Taft-Hartley Act d) proposal for civil rights legislation e) call for an investigation of the loyalty of all federal employees
d) proposal for civil rights legislation
In the Colonial period, Quakers were known for all of the following EXCEPT their a) acceptance of a greater role for women in public worship b) opposition to the institution of slavery c) advocacy of freedom of worship d) refusal to pay taxes e) refusal to bear arms
d) refusal to pay taxes
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of a) freedom of the seas b) freedom of speech c) the institution of slavery d) states' rights e) presidential power in foreign affairs
d) states' rights
During the Great Depression, the federal government responded with force when a) the communist-dominated National Mine Worker's Union denounced the American government and flag b) audiences booed newsreels showing President Herbert Hoover c) mobs of farmers tried to prevent foreclosures on farms and threatened to lynch judges who allowed them d) the Bonus Expeditionary Force encamped in Washington e) protesters displayed "Hoover flags," empty pockets turned inside out
d) the Bonus Expeditionary Force encamped in Washington
http://www.journalofamericanhistory.org/teaching/2001_03/sources/image_riseandfall.html The cartoon above was intended primarily as a satirical comment on a) Social Darwinism b) the Ku Klux Klan c) the election of 1896 d) the Scopes trial e) Lochner v. New York
d) the Scopes trial
The Wilmot Proviso specifically provided for a) the prohibition of slavery in Louisiana Purchase territory b) the primacy of federal law over state-legislated Black Codes c) the abolition of the international slave trade d) the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War e) federal return of fugitive slaves
d) the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War
Which of the following statements about Africans brought as slaves to the British North American colonies is true? a) they were the primary labor source for plantations in the Chesapeake by 1630 b) they had a much lower life expectancy in the Chesapeake than in South Carolina or in the West Indies c) they greatly outnumbered Europeans in every colony south of the Mason-Dixon Line by 1776 d) they maintained cultural practices brought from Africa e) they were the primary labor source in Pennsylvania until 1720
d) they maintained cultural practices brought from Africa
President Monroe articulated the Monroe Doctrine in his 1823 address to Congress primarily in order to a) respond positively to the recent Latin American revolutions b) rule out United States involvement in South America c) provide a rationale for United States intervention in the Isthmus of Panama d) warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere e) encourage Britain to help the fledgling Latin American states
d) warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere
The Spanish-American war spurred building of the Panama Canal by
demonstrating the need to shift naval forces quickly from the Atlantic to the Pacific
During World War I, civil liberties in America were
denied to many, especially those suspected of disloyalty.
1. D. W. Griffith's epic film The Birth of a Nation (1915) became controversial because of its
depiction of Ku Klux Klan activities as heroic and commendable
1. In the late nineteenth-century United States, farmers sought federal relief from distress caused by
discriminatory freight rates
. Early railroad owners formed pools in order to
divide business in a particular area and share the profits.
During the presidency of William H. Taft, United States policy in Latin America was driven primarily by a) the administration's desire to benefit from European colonial inroads in the region b) the President's goal of founding an effective Pan-American organization to deal with hemispheric issues c) Congress' determination to ameliorate the hostility engendered by Theodore Roosevelt's Big Stick policy d) concern for the development of democracy and the protection of civil rights in the region e) concern for the United States economic and strategic interests in the region
e) concern for the United States economic and strategic interests in the region
In 1890 the most important source of revenue for the federal government was a) income taxes b) inheritance taxed c) sales taxes d) liquor sales e) customs duties
e) customs duties
The precipitating factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman's a) dismissal of union workers b) introduction of scrip in part payment of wages c) retraction of its promise to provide an employee insurance and retirement plan d) employment of immigration labor at less than a living wage e) cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents
e) cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents
The women's movement in the antebellum period was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a) close links with the antislavery and temperance movements b) conventions in the Northeast and the Midwest, but not the South c) involvement of middle-class women d) a broad-based platform of legal and educational rights e) demands for equal compensation for equal work
e) demands for equal compensation for equal work
The Open Door policy in China called for which of the following? a) a consortium of nations to govern China b) international acknowledgement of China's right to exclude the trade of any nation c) recognition of Chinese territorial gains in Manchuria d) reduction of foreign tariffs on Chinese goods e) equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China
e) equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China
All of the following contributed to the growth of the free African American population in the United States in the early 19th century EXCEPT a) the gradual emancipation laws of individual states b) manumission granted for Revolutionary War service c) manumission granted by slaveholders' wills d) natural increase among free African Americans e) federal constitutional provisions for emancipation
e) federal constitutional provisions for emancipation
In an influential 1947 article, diplomat George F. Kennan advocated that the United Stated should a) invade the Soviet Union to establish democracy b) adopt a more conciliatory policy toward the Soviet Union c) conduct covert activities in underdeveloped countries to undermine communist movements d) grant most-favored-nation status to China e) focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism
e) focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism
The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to a) strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch b) strengthen the executive branch against the legislative branch c) ensure the independence of the judiciary d) protect the sovereignty of the states e) insulate the presidency from the popular will
e) insulate the presidency from the popular will
Jacob Riis is best known for his work in the 1890s as a a) labor organizer and Socialist Party activist b) leader of the People's Party c) reformer who encouraged new immigrants to homestead d) playwright whose dramas celebrated the assimilation of immigrants into American society e) journalist and photographer who publicized the wretched conditions in which many immigrants lived
e) journalist and photographer who publicized the wretched conditions in which many immigrants lived
The 1968 Tet Offensive was significant because it a) showed that American soldiers were ill equipped to fight in the jungle b) pressured North Vietnam to come to the bargaining table c) convinced President Johnson to begin bombing Cambodia d) reaffirmed popular support for the South Vietnamese government e) led to increased antiwar sentiment in the United States
e) led to increased antiwar sentiment in the United States
The leaders of the Progressive movement were primarily a) farmers interested in improving agricultural production b) immigrant activists attempting to change restrictive immigration laws c) representatives of industries seeking higher tariffs d) workers concerned with establishing industrial unions e) middle-class reformers concerned with urban and consumer issues
e) middle-class reformers concerned with urban and consumer issues
The majority of White families in the antebellum South owned a) more than 100 slaves b) 50 to 100 slaves c) 10 to 50 slaves d) 5 to 10 slaves e) no slaves
e) no slaves
The purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to a) ease the economic difficulties of sharecroppers and tenant farmers b) provide for the distribution of surplus meat and produce to the poor c) reapportion electoral districts to give farmers greater representation in Congress d) expand agricultural production by subsidizing farmers e) raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production
e) raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production
The Stono Rebellion and the New York conspiracy trials of 1741 revealed which of the following? a) increasing resistance to taxation b) the inability of newcomers to acquire fertile farmland c) overpopulation in urban areas d) sectional divisions between northern and southern colonies e) resistance to slavery
e) resistance to slavery
Around 1920, the number of children aged 10 to 15 in the industrial workforce began to decline for which of the following reasons? a) The Supreme Court sustained laws barring the interstate sale of goods produced by child labor b) introduction of the minimum wage made child labor uneconomical c) the American birth rate declined, thus reducing the number of children available to work d) factory owners advocated state child labor laws e) states began to require children to attend school until a certain age and to limit the ages at which they could be employed
e) states began to require children to attend school until a certain age and to limit the ages at which they could be employed
http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap08_us_history_q1.pdf The Central point of the 1960s cartoon above was that a) the public was more interested in foreign policy than in domestic reforms b) the President was more interested in domestic programs that in foreign policy c) protesters were successfully challenging the goals of Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society d) opposition to the Vietnam War improved Lyndon B. Johnson's hopes for reelection e) the cost of the Vietnam War limited the President's ability to carry out domestic programs
e) the cost of the Vietnam War limited the President's ability to carry out domestic programs
All of the following contributed to the passage of the 18th amendment legislating Prohibition in 1919 EXCEPT a) the continued efforts of the Anti-Saloon League b) the fervor of the First World War lending patriotism to the cause of prohibition c) the Progressive belief in social reform d) the cumulative impact of state prohibition laws e) the high death toll from alcohol-related automobile accidents
e) the high death toll from alcohol-related automobile accidents
The American Colonization Society was established in the early 19th century with the goal of a) encouraging immigration from Ireland and Germany b) encouraging Chinese contract laborers to emigrate to the United States c) settling White Americans on western lands d) settling American Indians on reservations e) transporting African Americans to Africa
e) transporting African Americans to Africa
The decade after the Second World War was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a) unprecedented prosperity b) rapid and extensive suburbanization c) a population explosion known as the "baby boom" d) the growing strength of the movement for African American civil rights e) widespread student opposition to the development of nuclear weaponry
e) widespread student opposition to the development of nuclear weaponry
With the outbreak of World War I, a great majority of Americans
earnestly hoped to stay out of war.
One of the methods by which post-Civil War business leaders increased their profits was
elimination of as much competition as possible.
. From 1925 to 1940 the transition of American policy on arms sales to warring nations followed this sequence:
embargo to cash-and-carry to lend-lease
How did the Korean War end?
ended in a stalemate
1. The "free silver" campaign of 1896 received its greatest popular support from
farmers, who hoped that a more generous money supply would ease their debt burdens
President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill announced at their wartime conference in Casablanca that their principal war aim was to
force the unconditional surrender of both Germany and Japan.
During the 1930's, the Roosevelt administration did which of the following?
formally renounced the right to intervene in Latin America
In the election of 1896, the major issue became
free and unlimited coinage of silver.
The Wagner Act of 1935 proved to be a trailblazing law that
gave labor the right to bargain collectively.
1. A company that buys up other businesses in the same industry is an example of
horizontal integration
1. Constitutional amendments enacted during the Progressive Era concerned all of the following EXCEPT
imposition of poll taxes
Constitutional amendments enacted during the Progressive Era concerned all of the following EXCEPT
imposition of poll taxes
In the last decades of the nineteenth century, the volume of agricultural goods ________, and the price received for these goods __________.
increased; decreased.
1. During the decade following passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act, most courts applied the rule to break up
labor unions
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was at first primarily used to curb the power of
labor unions.
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was passed to check the growing power of
labor unions.
1. Most Progressives sought all of the following EXCEPT the
legislative creation of a socialist commonwealth
1. In the late nineteenth century, political machines such as Tammany Hall were successful primarily because
machine politicians provided needed jobs and services to naturalized citizens in return for their votes
When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the United States
made lend-lease aid available to the Soviets.
1. The main idea of Theodore Roosevelt's proposed "New Nationalism" was to
make the federal government an instrument of domestic reform.
Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on social ills was to
make the public aware of social problems
Progressive reformers were mainly men and women from the
middle class.
Some economists believe that the economic upturn in the 1980s was the result of
new capital investment.
1. Joseph Pulitzer achieved fame and wealth as a
newspaper publisher
1. The "Ghost Dancer" movement among Western Native Americans stressed all of the following EXCEPT
non-violence
1. The term "welfare capitalism" refers to the corporate practice of
offering workers incentives, such as pensions and profit-sharing, to dissuade them from joining unions
The Sherman anti-trust Act of 1890 was
not immediately succesful in limiting business concentration
In the Sussex Pledge, Germany promised
not to sink passenger ships without warning.
The financial programs of Alexander Hamilton included all of the following EXCEPT
nullification of all private debts to the states
1. "We have pacified some thousands of the islanders and buried them; destroyed their fields; burned their villages, and turned their widows and orphans out-of-doors; subjugated the remaining ten millions by benevolent assimilation .... And 'so, by these Providences of God- and the phrase is the government's, not mine--we are a World Power." The statement above was most probably made in reference to United States policy in the
occupation of the Philippines
1. The Roosevelt Corollary of 1904 did all of the following EXCEPT
pave the way for our construction of the Panama Canal
1. The era from the end of the Civil War to the outbreak of the First World War was characterized by
periodic economic panic and depression
The era from the end of the Civil War to the outbreak of the First World War was characterized by
periodic economic panic and depression
1. The "New Immigration" was made up primarily of
persons from Southern and Eastern Europe.
1. The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to
place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people
Dorothea Dix is most closely associated with which area of social reform in the first half of the 19th century?
prisons and asylums
By 1940 American public opinion began to favor
providing Britain with "all aid short of war".
In post-Civil War America, American Indians surrendered their lands only when they
received solemn promises from the government that they would be left alone and provided with supplies.
Which was not part of Dulles' "New Look: foreign policy"?
recognition of China
Ronald Reagan's major goal as president was to
reduce the size of the federal government.
One of the most significant aspects of the Interstate Commerce Act was that it
represented the first large-scale attempt by the federal government to regulate business.
Once at war, America's first great challenge was to
retool its industry for all-out war production
1. The thrust of Roosevelt's "Good Neighbor" policy was to
retreat from the military interventionism and blatant economic domination which had characterized previous American policy toward Latin America.
"Rise, sisters of temperance!-we must not delay- Our mission is bold, and we must away; We'll gird on our armor tho' frail it may be, And trust that the "Maine Law" will soon set us free" In the above quotation from 1855, the "Maine Law" refers to a law affecting
sale and distribution of alcoholic beverages
1. Immigrants coming to America from Eastern and Southern Europe during the late nineteenth century were most likely to
settle in large cities in the Northeast or Midwest.
The early settlement house workers, such as Jane Addams and Florence Kelley, helped to blaze the professional trail for
social workers
1. "This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of wealth: to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer and strictly bound as a matter of duty to administer in the manner which, in his judgment, is best calculated to produce the most beneficial results for the community--the man of wealth thus becoming the mere agent and trustee for his poorer brethren." These sentiments are most characteristic of
the Gospel of Wealth
1. "This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of wealth: to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer and strictly bound as a matter of duty to administer in the manner which, in his judgment, is best calculated to produce the most beneficial results for the community—the man of wealth thus becoming the mere agent and trustee for his poorer brethren.'' These sentiments are most characteristic of
the Gospel of Wealth
In the Root-Takahira agreement of 1908
the Japanese government agreed to limit the number of Japanese immigrant laborers entering the United States.
1. All of the following contributed to the rise of big business EXCEPT
the Northern Securities decision of 1904
1. As a result of the Spanish-American War, the United States gained possession of Puerto Rico, Guam, and
the Philippines.
As a result of Senator McCarthy's crusade against communist subversion in America,
the State Department lost a number of Asian specialists who might have counseled a wiser course in Vietnam.
The United States changed to standard time zones when
the major rail lines decreed the division of the continent into four time zones to keep schedules and avoid wrecks.
1. All of the following were objectives of W.E.B. DuBois EXCEPT
the total enfranchisement of all eligible Black citizens
The major problem in the 1876 presidential election centered on
the two sets of election returns submitted by Florida, S. Carolina, and Louisiana
The Compromise of 1877 resulted in
the withdrawal of federal troops from the South
Which of the following is properly considered the main purpose of the Navigation Acts?
to guarantee that England alone would profit from trade with the colonies
1. The "Open Door policy" in 1899 primarily concerned
trade with Asia
1. All of the following are true of railroad expansion in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that it
was financed by private corporations without government assistance
1. The disagreement between W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington regarding the status of African-Americans in the early twentieth century is best summed up as a debate over
whether African-Americans should first seek legal or economic equality with white Americans
1. Helen Hunt Jackson' s A Century of Dishonor was significant because it aroused public awareness of the
wrongs that the federal government had inflicted on American Indians
Helen Hunt Jackson's "A Century of Dishonor" was significant because it aroused public awareness of the
wrongs that the federal govt had inflicted on American Indians
In the early 1830s, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were
young unmarried women from rural New England
