TDT4136: Knowledge Representation
Process
A category of events where any event that happens over an interval also happens over any subinterval
Substance
A category of objects that includes in its definition only intrinsic properties
Discrete object
A category that includes any extrinsic properties
PROLOG
A declarative language with features facts, rules and queries
Partition
A disjoint exhaustive decomposition
Description logic
A formal language designed for organizing and reasoning with categories
Default logic
A formalism in which default rules can be written to generate contingent, nonmonotonic conclusions
LISP
A functional programming language designed by John McCarthy
Logical minimization
A general technique that defines an object as the smallest one satisfying certain conditions
Procedural attachment
A general technique whereby particular predicates and functions can be handled by special-purpose methods
Semantic network
A graphical system designed for organizing and reasoning with categories
Knowledge representation
A method for coding (human) knowledge in a formal format that can be processed by an artificial system
Logic programming
A style of programming based on mathematical rules which deals with Boolean values and logical operators
Qualitative physics
A subfield of AI that investigates how to reason about physical systems without plunging into detailed equations and numerical simulations
Extended interval
A time interval with duration greater than zero
Moment
A zero duration time interval
Discrete events
Events with a definite structure
Semantic networks
Graphical representation equivalent to logical statements
Imperative languages
Languages designed to code algorithms
Declarative languages
Languages designed to code facts, rules and queries rather than algorithms
Extrinsic properties
Properties that are not retained under subdivision, such as weight, length and shape
Intrinsic properties
Properties that belong to the very substance of the object, rather than to the object as a whole
Thing
The most general discrete object category, specifying no extrinsic properties
Stuff
The most general substance category, specifying no intrinsic properties
Belief revision
The process of retracting inferred facts in the face of new information
Subsumption
The task of checking if one category is a subset of another by comparing their definitions
Classification
The task of checking whether an object belongs to a category
Measure
The value we assign for a properties of an object
Reification
Turning a proposition into an object
Multiple inheritance
When an object can belong to more than one category or when a category can be a subset of more than one other category