unit 2 public speaking quiz

topical order

arranged using some logical relationship (general to specific, least important to most important, etc.)

encyclopedia

can serve as good starting point by providing overview of topic, no way to prove credibility of people making entries without reference lists

primary research

empirical research studies conducted in real world such as surveys/experiment, can be conducted or found in academic journals/government documents and conducted by others

credentials

evidence can come from personal knowledge/experiences if you have these

authority

expertise of author/reputation of publishing organization

preparation outline

first version of wording main points that provides draft of main points but doesn't specify clearly how each main point

secondary questions

follow up questions designed to probe answers given to primary questions

interview

highly structured conversation where one person asks questions and another answers them, you will want to select best person to interview, prepare solid interview protocol (list of questions you plan to ask), and adhere to several ethical guidelines

evidence

info that clarifies, explains, or otherwise adds depth/breadth to a topic

focus group

interview conducted with a small group of people at the same time, can solicit input from several perspectives in a shorter amount of time

primary questions

introductory questions about each major interview topic

hits

links to all sorts of web pages, images, videos, etc. that include material about the keywords

periodicals

magazines and journals published at regular intervals that contain articles with more current/highly specialized info on topic

fieldwork observations

method also known as ethnography, carefully observing people or groups of people while immersed in their community, can be conducted as participant observer or as non participant observer

skimming

method of rapidly going through work to determine what is covered and how, does source really present info on area of topic being explored

currency

more recent info is preferred unless you are documenting a historical event

objectivity

most authors have a stance but beware of info that is excessively slanted

rapport building questions

non threatening and design to put interviewee at ease/demonstrate respect

statistics

numerical facts that can be boring/deceiving when used poorly, use only stats that are verified to be reliable and valid, use most recent stats so audience is not misled, use stats comparatively and sparingly, display stats visually, stats can be biased

logical reasons order

organizes main points according to reasons for accepting thesis as desirable/true

annotated bib

preliminary record of relevant sources found pertaining to topic and includes short summary of information in that source/how it might be used to support speech, can be used to create research cards and speech reference list

group think

seeking agreement with also considering alternative perspectives/suppressing views

abstract

short paragraph summarizing research findings in academic research articles

clincher

short statement that provides closure by driving home importance of speech in a memorable way

hypothetical examples

specific illustrations based on reflections about future events (develops what if) and should be guided by examples supporting generalization and be representative

definition

statement clarifies meaning of word./phrase, clarifies meaning of terminology that is specialized, technical, or otherwise likely to be unfamiliar to audience, clarifies words/terms with more than one meaning, clarifies stance on controversial subjects

listener relevance link

statement of how/why speech relates to/might affect them

subpoints

statements that elaborate on main point, developed further with supporting material

secondary research

summary/synthesis of existing research

social desirability bias

tendency to answer questions in way to be favorable by others even if answer is not entirely accurate

non profit organizations

websites that are dedicated to certain issues/can provide examples of emotional appeal

blogs

websites that provide personal viewpoints of their author, can be created and maintained by individual/organization

signposts

words/phrases that connect pieces of supporting material to the main point/sub point they address, usually one word references (ex. foremost, first)