Unit 3- 4 psych
Cara and Deanna are sitting side by side, playing with dolls. Each girl is talking to herself. Cara and Deanna are engaged in _____ play.
Parallel
Henry attends a preschool where there is a low teacher/child ratio and ample opportunity for creative expression, and he is engaged in a long-term art project of his own choosing in which he is making dinosaurs out of clay. Which approach does Henry's preschool most resemble?
Reggio Emilia
_____ refers to the practice of educating gifted children alongside other children of the same mental, not chronological, age.
acceleration
______ is the practice of allowing a gifted student to skip one or more grades so that he or she may be educated with students of the same mental rather than chronological age.
acceleration
the most common cause of death in childhood is
accidents
Prosocial behavior refers to:
actions that are helpful and kind without any benefit to oneself.
"I don't care whether you want to wash the dishes, you will do so because I said so!" This statement is MOST representative of a(n) _____ parenting style.
authoritarian
amygdala
brain structure that part of limbs system that registers emotions, particular fear and anxiety
Repeated, systematic efforts to inflict harm through physical, verbal, or social attack on a weaker person is the definition of:
bullying
Damian doesn't get along with his stepfather. Each morning, his teacher overhears Damian complaining about what his stepfather did to him that particular day. These daily hassles:
can have a cumulative effect on Damian.
According to Piaget, which of the following is one of the characteristics that limit a preoperational child's thinking?
centration
Which would best explain why a preoperational child would not be able to understand that cats can be both pets and wild animals?
centration
The practice of "no snitching" by middle school children is an example of:
child culture
Myelination: in development motor skills in childhood
children move with greater speed, agility, grace as they get older because of this
When Piaget referred to concrete operations, he meant logic applied in situations that:
deal with visible, tangible, real things.
Shawn is 5 years old. When he is angry, he can express this appropriately without becoming explosive. When he is sad, he can express this and can be consoled. Shawn seems to have mastered:
emotional regulation
Tessa has been a bully throughout elementary school, middle school, and high school. Based on the textbook's discussion, Tessa's cruelty MOST likely _____ as she grew older.
increased
Nine-year-old Charles can't wait to attend his first cartooning class. He is eager to learn and practice a new skill. Charles would be placed in Erikson's fourth psychosocial crisis, which is the crisis of _____ versus inferiority.
industry
According to Erikson, if 8-year-old Kristina does NOT solve her fourth psychosocial crisis, she will come to view herself as:
inferior
According to Erikson's crisis of industry versus _____, 6- to 11-year olds must apply themselves to skills and tasks.
inferiority
Yasir uses different styles of speech, or codes, when speaking to teachers and when speaking to his friends. According to the text, Yasir MOST likely uses a(n) _____ code when speaking to his friends.
informal
Caroline is 15. After a head injury she is no longer able to plan ahead and prioritize properly. MOST likely her _____ was injured.
injured her prefrontal cortex
A security guard is shot during an attempted robbery of a jewelry store. The guard's shooting exemplifies the thieves' _____ aggression.
instrumental
Children who have had early experiences of extensive stress may develop permanent impairment of their:
limbic system- hippocampus
In the United States, the majority of funds and guidelines for public education are provided by:
local districts.
After Vivian's father showed her a tiger lily, she called an orange fern that she saw a "tiger fern." Vivian is demonstrating:
logical extension
Ethan is ignored, but not shunned, by his or her peers. According to the text, Ethan is considered a(n) _____ child.
neglected
Marisol speaks formally with adults and informally with her friends. She has learned:
the pragmatics of language.
What does the developmental term perseveration refer to?
the tendency to stick to one thought or action
Ronnie is 4 years old. He lives in rural Wyoming, his family is very poor, and he has dyslexia. Based on a major evaluation of Head Start programs, which statement is correct?
there will be an apparent benefit to Ronnie if he participates in the Head Start intervention.
Monique is a sixth-grade middle school student and is considered a bully at school by other students and the principal because she constantly yells at other girls and calls them names on the playground. Monique is displaying _____ bullying.
verbal
Which of the following is true about parental discipline?
-Psychological control may reduce academic achievement and emotional understanding. -Parental discipline methods vary based on culture. -Induction is recommended to internalize standards of right and wrong in children.
Which of the following is required for fluent reading?
-differentiating words that are spelled similarly
Neuroscientists agree with all of the following EXCEPT:
-the brain is fixed and unchangeable after the age of 12 ... what the agree with -children with disorders often have unusual brain patterns, and training their brains may help. -brain development continues throughout life. -brain development depends on a person's specific experiences.
There are dramatic ethnic differences in childhood obesity in the United States. For example, about 1 in _____ Asian American children is obese, whereas 1 in _____ Hispanic American children is obese.
10;4
The replacement of baby teeth by permanent teeth begins at about age 6 and is complete by age _____.
12
Logan is a very bright 10-year-old with a mental age of 12. If tested on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, his IQ score would MOST likely be about:
120
What percentage of school-age children (under 18 years) in the United States have asthma?
14%
Nearly _____ percent of 5- to 11-year-old children in the United States have asthma.
14-15%
as they approach middle adulthood, people who experienced maltreatment as children are about ___ % less likely to be employed than people who did NOT experience maltreatment
14-15%
When was Head Start established in the United States?
1965
Esmeralda is able to accurately and consistently apply gender labels, such as using "Mister" for men and "Ms." for women. What is the youngest age that Esmeralda can be?
2 years old
Matt is able to accurately and consistently apply gender labels; he can point out who is a boy, who is a man, who is a girl, and who is a woman. What is the youngest age that Matt could be?
2 years old
6 years of age averages
3 1/2 feet 40-50lbs looks lean, not chubby has adult body proportions (legs 1/2 the total height)
estimated ____ % children in U.S. are allergic to a specific food
3-8
In the United States, ____ percent of all 6- to 11-year-old children live in a single-parent family.
31
Helena prefers pink toys and clothes over other colors. She also plays with dolls instead of trucks. She tells her mother that only boys can play with trucks. Helena is about what age?
4 years old
Hannah is teaching her young son Cade the alphabet. When Hannah points to a letter carved in relief on the side of a wooden block, Cade confidently identifies the letter correctly as a "B." Cade is MOST likely about _____ years old.
4-5
at approximately which ages are children their slimmest?
5-6
Reading is a skill that typically emerges around what age?
6
The text notes that by age _____, children have mastered the basic vocabulary and grammar of their first language, and many speak a second language fluently.
6
All types of aggression become less frequent by age ____ due to _____.
6; maturation and social interactions
Carter is given peas and green beans. When asked if he has more peas or vegetables, he responds, "I have more vegetables." Knowing this answer means that Carter is at least _____ years old.
8
What do circumcision and spanking have in common?
Both are events that are considered child abuse in some cultures and not in others.
Which of the following statements about Head Start is true?
Children from low-income families, or in rural areas, or with disabilities benefit the most.
The _____ refers to the rise in average IQ scores that has occurred over decades in many nations.
Flynn effect
Which statement BEST expresses the relationship between control processes and executive processes?
Control processes are synonymous with executive processes.
child abuse
Deliberate action that is harmful to a child's physical, emotional, or sexual well-being is the definition of:
The arrangement in which children who do not speak English are placed together and given an intensive course in basic English so that they can eventually be educated in the same classroom as native English speakers is called _____ instruction.
English as a second language
How does evolutionary theory explain gender differences and sex-role development?
Gender roles develop as a result of males and females attempting to attract each other in order to reproduce.
Rocky and Zayn frequently engage in wrestling, chasing, and other types of rough-and-tumble play. Which is NOT a benefit they receive from this type of play?
It helps them to rehearse social roles.
A nationally representative measure of students' achievement in reading, mathematics, and other subjects is the _____.
National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)
The cognitive theory of _____ recognizes that school-age children become concrete in their understanding, less egocentric, and educable.
Piaget
The psychologist ______ stressed the child's own discovery of concepts.
Piaget
Chet has six wives and two children from each wife. Chet is in the rarest form of family structure, which is called a(n) _____ family.
Polygamous
Nine-year-old Ella has learned to speak formally with the adults in her life and informally with her friends. Because she adjusts her use of language to her audience and the context, Ella has learned an aspect of language called _____.
Pragmatics
Etta is taking an intelligence test based on Gardner's multiple intelligences theory. How is Etta's performance likely to be scored?
She will receive a score for each of nine types of intelligence.
In recent years, Finland has gained a great deal of attention for its very successful educational system. Which statement about Finland's educational reform is false?
Students are given a series of high-stakes tests at each level. -are true: -Only the top 3 percent of high school students gain admittance to teachers' colleges. -School buildings are designed to foster collaboration. -Teachers are encouraged to work collaboratively.
What was the main conclusion reached from Piaget's updated study on retribution versus restitution?
The conclusion was that conversation about a situation might lead to individual reflection, which assists with developmental advances in morality.
What is the major concern when children spend more time exposed to video games and other media?
The time spent engaged with electronic media reduces the time spent in social and educational activities.
Which of the following is a characteristic of both aggressive-rejected and withdrawn-rejected children?
They tend to misinterpret social situations.
According to the text, in which place are children MOST encouraged to control their fear?
United States
"Specific learning disorder" refers to:
a marked deficit in a particular area of learning.
Specific learning disorder refers to:
a marked delay in a particular area of learning
Research on the temperaments of identical twins supports the finding that:
a mother's attitude toward each of her twins is one factor that influences the twins' behaviors.
Tommy is 5 years old, and he likes to help his father prepare dinner. Although Tommy's father is often tired at the end of the day, he never fails to reinforce Tommy's attempts to gather and measure ingredients with a hearty "Good job!" Based on Erikson's theory, Tommy is likely to develop:
a tendency toward initiative
Brian is 11 years old and has a very elaborate and sophisticated vocabulary for his age. Which of the following may be related to his vocabulary skills?
a thinner cortex
Believing that animals can talk would be a form of:
animism
Five-year-old Jada looks up at the clouds in the sky and asks, "Mommy, are the clouds friends with the sun? Are they sad when he goes in for the night?" This is an example of:
animism
Five-year-old Jada looks up at the clouds in the sky and asks, "Mommy, where do the clouds sleep at night?" This is an example of:
animism
In a popular animated movie, automobiles and tow trucks have emotions and can speak. This exemplifies:
animism
Johnny, age 6, suddenly makes an angry face at Alan and kicks him hard for no apparent reason. Johnny is displaying:
antisocial behavior
Which of these statements is consistent with the notion of injury control?
appropriate controls can minimize harm
Kelly attended some college classes several years ago, has been married for three years, and now has a 2-year-old daughter. What percentage of mothers in Kelly's subgroup read to their 2-year-olds each day?
approximately 50
Rates of marriage, divorce, and remarriage in the United States:
are the highest among all of the industrialized nations.
Expectations of maturity are highest in _____ caregiving and lowest in _____ caregiving.
authoritarian; permissive
Joe works hard to be respectful and fair toward his children. He tries to consistently enforce preset rules, but he can be flexible and strongly believes in natural and logical consequences for the children's behavior. According to Diana Baumrind, his parenting style could be best described as:
authoritative
When Marshall was 6 years old, he learned how to ride his bike. When he first learned to ride, he had to concentrate on not falling and on keeping his balance. Marshall, now 10 years old, does not have to consciously think about keeping his balance on his bike. Marshall's ability to do this is caused by the process of:
automatization
When Rajesh was 5 years old, he learned how to ride his bike. When he first learned to ride, he had to concentrate on not falling and on keeping his balance. Rajesh, now 10 years old, does not have to consciously think about keeping his balance on his bike. Rajesh's ability to do this is caused by the process of _____.
automatization
Denny and Alesya live in the United States and have two children. Denny's native tongue is English and Alesya's is Russian, but she is also fluent in English. Alesya speaks to her children exclusively in Russian, and Denny speaks to them only in English. The children are consistently exposed to both English and Russian every day and have been since birth. Research shows that Denny and Alesya's children will:
be able to learn both languages
Teacher-directed early-education programs are based on which developmental theory?
behavioral theory
When did Piaget believe that people develop preoperational intelligence?
between the ages of about 2 and 6
The textbook notes that maturation, learning, and culture all influence emotional regulation. This suggests that emotional regulation is BEST understood using a(n) ______ model.
biopsychosocial
Ben is given peas and green beans. When asked if he has more peas or more vegetables, he responds, "I have more vegetables." Ben is using the logical concept of _____.
classification
Juan is given peas and green beans. When asked if he has more peas or more vegetables, he responds, "I have more vegetables." Juan is using the logical concept of:
classification
The researcher Diana Baumrind found that parents differ in four important dimensions of rearing children. One of those dimensions is:
communication
Edward is currently in second grade. According to Piaget, Edward is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.
concrete operational
Tommy now understands that two equal quantities remain equal even though the form or appearance is rearranged. According to Piaget, Tommy has attained the ______ stage of development.
concrete operational
Sixteen-year-old Michael begins growing a marijuana plant in a corner of his family's garden. His stepfather asks him to remove it because it is illegal. In Kohlberg's terms, Michael's stepfather is demonstrating _____ reasoning.
conventional
Two children are taking turns in a simple card game. In Mildred Parten's terms, these children are engaged in _____ play.
cooperative
The _________ allows communication between the two hemispheres of the brain.
corpus callosum
in the past half-century, cancer deaths among children aged 1 to 4 in the united states have ___-. Over the same time period, the homicide rate among children in the same age group has____.
decreased; increased
A 4-year-old child is shown a row of seven red checkers. He is asked to place a black checker immediately above each red one. On doing so, the child agrees that there are as many red checkers as black checkers. The experimenter then spreads out the black checkers so that the line they form is longer than that formed by the red checkers. The experimenter asks whether there are more red checkers or more black checkers in order to determine whether the child:
demonstrates conservation
Leslie's disability changes year by year. This is one of the lessons of a discipline called _____ that applies to all children.
developmental psychopathology
Ten-year-old Susan is a very talented, creative inventor who enters many of her creations in various engineering contests at universities. However, Susan struggles in the traditional classroom, where she interrupts constantly with unanswerable questions and ignores her homework. According to the text, Susan would be given the designation of:
divergent thinker
Kyle is repeatedly bullied by Caleb at school. Most likely, Kyle:
does not have a single good friend in his class.
In the past decade, the proportion of 4-year-olds enrolled in state-sponsored preschools has:
doubled
Eight-year-old Ty has behavioral difficulty behaving is school and is overly aggressive with the other children. His parents seem to ignore his problems and blame the school and the other children. His parents are convinced that Ty has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. When they take him to a child psychiatrist, the psychiatrist is reluctant to give the diagnosis after observing the unhealthy interactions between the family members and between the parents. The psychiatrist reluctance to give this diagnosis is based on the _____ related to the cause and diagnosis.
equifinality
When 7-year-old Debbie's mother was pregnant with Debbie, she had serious marital and financial problems. This may have led to a flood of stress hormones that affected Debbie while she was in the womb. After Debbie was born, her mother developed an alcohol addiction and married an abusive man. Debbie has all of the symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, but her physician is cautious about giving this diagnosis because of the _____ related to the cause and diagnosis.
equifinality
Which theory of gender differences focuses primarily on our biological need to reproduce to explain gender differences and behaviors?
evolutionary theory
The process by which children develop an interconnected set of categories for words is called:
fast-mapping
Wally has a book about birds and has quickly learned many new words, but his learning is sometimes inaccurate. This rapid ability to learn is called:
fast-mapping
Daryl is 8 years old and he likes to do art projects at school. However, the projects he has completed so far haven't received good grades, and in several instances his friends have laughed at the things he has done. Based on Erikson's theory, Daryl might develop:
feelings of inferiority
a goal of permanency planning in cases of substantiated child maltreatment is to:
find a long-term living situation
in early childhood,many ___motor skills such as buttoning shirts, writing with a pencil and cutting food are mastered
fine
What did the typical person experience 60 years ago regarding dental care?
fluoride was never in the water
Culture dictates _____ differences, while biology determines _____ differences.
gender; sex
Jimmi has an IQ score above 130. Based on this score, psychologists who believe in the accuracy of intelligence test scores would consider Jimmi to be "_____" based on the theoretical distribution of IQ scores.
gifted
5 year old Brock can ride his tricycle all the way to the grocery store with his mother
gross motor skills
climbing a ladder is an example of
gross motor skills
After noticing that her 4-year-old brother was experiencing difficulty putting together a jigsaw puzzle, Rose helped him with the task by praising his successes and helping him to recognize progress. From Lev Vygotsky's perspective, this is an example of:
guided participation
Which of the following is a need of children during middle childhood?
harmony and stability
Brandon is 4 years old and would like something to drink. He goes to the kitchen, gets a cup, gets juice from the refrigerator, and begins pouring some for himself. What is likely to happen?
he will successfully pour juice in his cup without spilling any
The unrecognized rules and priorities that influence a child's learning in school are called the:
hidden curriculum
Alura is a 14-year-old high school student who is being raised in a(n) _____-income family. Alura's parents nag her daily to excel in school. According to the text, Alura may show signs of drug use or be delinquent in school due to her parents' behavior.
high
Cyberbullying, which is using electronic means to harm another, is a particularly devastating form of relational bullying that is more common in:
high school than in primary school
Make-believe friends that exist only in a child's imagination are called:
imaginary friends
At night, Brooks, age 4, is afraid of the sound of the train whistle and of going to bed without a light on. His excessive fears are an expression of:
immature development of his prefrontal cortex.
corpus callosum
improved abilities by enhancing communication between left and right hemispheres of brain
Which of the following is primarily responsible for the brain's increase in size during middle childhood?
increase in the number of dendrites
Kyana is an excellent salesperson because she can always find a way of connecting with a potential client. Based on this information, in which kind of intelligence would Gardner expect Kyana to be high?
interpersonal
Which is one type of intelligence identified by Howard Gardner?
intrapersonal
Fourteen-year-old Francisco enjoys playing the piano and never needs prompting from his parents to practice. He writes music and plays the piano several times a day. He tells his parents that he plays because he enjoys creating music. Francisco plays the piano because of _____ motivation.
intrinsic
A diagnosis of ADHD indicates that a child not only has problems concentrating but also:
is inattentive, impulsive, and overactive.
When adults build vocabulary and grammar in children within the child's zone of proximal development, it is called:
language enhancement
Lupe was a Spanish-speaking toddler when she emigrated with her family from Guatemala. After several years in an American elementary school, though, Lupe is more fluent in English than in Spanish. Which phenomenon does Lupe's experience best exemplify?
language shift
Preschools benefit early-childhood learning by providing opportunities for children to get practice in:
language skills
According to a 1975 U.S. law titled the Education of All Handicapped Children Act, students with special needs must learn in the:
least restrictive environment (LRE).
The Dalmatian is a dog that is noted for its unique black-spotted coat. One day, Rachel told her parents that she had seen "Dalmatian cows" on a field trip. She came to this conclusion because of the concept of:
logical extension
Your textbook describes a study of resilience in which researchers tracked for 20 years some Australian children who had been exposed to a wildfire. Because the same children were followed for an extended period, this study exemplifies _____ research.
longitudinal
Children in elementary school are progressing through a specific developmental period known as:
middle childhood
Erika is in elementary school. She is in the developmental period known as:
middle childhood
Devin is 12 years old. According to the text, Devin can probably:
not only read more than 100 words per minute but also begin to comprehend algebra.
The most common type of family structure for U.S. children ages 6 to 11 is:
nuclear
Wes and Kristy are a married couple living with their two young sons. This example illustrates a(n) _____ family structure.
nuclear
A family that consists of a father, a mother, and their biological children younger than age 18 is referred to as a(n):
nuclear family
If a child has a BMI above the 95th percentile of children the same age, he or she is considered:
obesity
In childhood, "_____" is defined as having a BMI above the 95th percentile of children the same age.
obesity
Fast-mapping allows a child to be exposed to a word _________ before remembering it.
once
Antipathy and empathy are _____ terms.
opposing
_____ occurs when children apply the rules of grammar when they should not.
overregularization
If a child has a BMI above the 85th percentile of children the same age, he or she is considered:
overweight
Maggie is 9 years old and is considered _____ according to her BMI because she is above the 85th percentile for children in her age range.
overweight
Which of the following is crucial to a bullying circumstance?
peers
Jeannie has low expectations for maturity from her children and rarely disciplines them, but she loves them and listens well to them. She would be characterized by Diana Baumrind as having a(n) _____ parenting style.
permissive
Three factors facilitate increases in the knowledge base: past experience, current opportunity, and:
personal motivation
Mario is 9 years old and is slightly overweight. His parents have changed his diet and limited his television and video game time. They have encouraged him to play outdoors more often. According to the text, Mario is MOST likely to rebel against these changes by trying to use _____ power to get the things that he wants.
pester
The final stage of Kohlberg's theory is the _____ level of development.
postconventional
The level of moral reasoning that focuses on moral principles is called:
postconventional
Because Iris thinks that it is moral to break the law in some circumstances, Kohlberg would place her moral reasoning at the:
postconventional level
Many children use codes in their text messages (LOL, L, 411). The use of these codes in this context indicates that the child understands:
pragmatics
Ten-year-old Jamila has learned to speak formally with the adults in her life and informally with her friends. She has learned the _____ of language.
pragmatics
The practical use of language that indicates the ability to adjust language communication according to audience and context is known as:
pragmatics
Children's ability to inhibit automatic responses is related to the development of the brain's:
prefrontal cortex
What is Piaget's term for cognitive development between the ages of about 2 and 6?
preoperational intelligence
Four-year-old Junko lives in Miyazaki, Japan. Jacie is also 4, but she lives in Meridian, Mississippi. Based on the text's discussion, Junko's parents are probably most concerned with regulating her expression of ______, whereas Jacie's parents are probably most concerned with controlling her expression of ______.
pride; fear
Lacey is talking to herself as she is sorting buttons into different categories. Lev Vygotsky would refer to this as:
private speech
An example of _____ time is the ability to kick a speeding soccer ball toward a teammate, or calculating when to utter a witty remark and when to stay quiet.
reaction
Marcus was playing kickball with his friend Amy. After kicking the ball, Amy ran and fell into a mud puddle. Seeing that Amy was upset, Marcus ran to her to see if she was hurt, while some of the other kids laughed. Marcus's response is an example of maturing:
reaction time
Sean most likely has dyslexia since he has an unusual difficulty with _____ as a result of some neurological underdevelopment.
reading
Six-year-old Genevieve gets angry at her classmate Ava, and she tells Ava that she is not going to be invited to anyone's birthday parties. Genevieve is engaged in what type of aggression?
relational aggression
Characteristics of bullying are:
repeated, systematic attacks intended to harm a weaker person
Two-year-old Derek's neighbors notice that the boy is often dirty, wearing improper clothing for the weather, and left unattended on the family's porch. They call family services to report that they suspect the boy is being abused or neglected. At this point, before an investigation has taken place, Derek's condition is known as:
reported maltreatment
The capacity to adapt well to significant adversity and to overcome serious stress is referred to as:
resilience
If repeated _____ techniques do not help a child, then the child is referred for testing and observation to diagnose the problem.
response to intervention
A recent educational strategy for children in the United States is called:
response to intervention. intervention response. response to special education (RTSE). least restrictive environment (LRE)
living near a dirt factory and breaths in heavily polluted air
result in impaired brain development
Play that mimics aggression with no intent to harm is known as _____.
rough-and-tumble
Which Vygotsky term refers to temporary support that is tailored to a learner's needs and abilities and is aimed at helping him or her master a new skill?
scaffolding
A needle-exchange program focused on a neighborhood with a high number of intravenous drug users is an example of _____ prevention.
secondary
A _____ family is like an extended family, but without the biological parents.
skipped-generation
Kareem lives with his paternal grandmother. His father is incarcerated, and his mother disappeared long ago. Kareem lives in a(n) _____ family.
skipped-generation
Ten-year-old Noah is able to listen and follow directions while ignoring any distractions in school much better than he could when he was 5 years old. Noah is demonstrating improved _____.
selective attention
Toward the end of middle childhood, ________ becomes more fragile.
self-esteem
At Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral reasoning, moral decisions are based on:
self-interest.
Emma, who is in the fourth grade, announces to her mother, "I am the fastest runner in my class, but not in the entire school." Emma is engaging in:
social comparison
Ari, Harley, and Wilson are playing a game about dragons and knights. It is their job as the noble knights to slay the evil dragons. They are engaging in:
sociodramatic play.
Of Mildred Parten's five types of play, she believed the LEAST advanced is ______ play.
solitary
Howard Gardner believed that although every normal person has at least a little of all nine intelligences, each individual excels in:
some intelligences more than others.
If Juan's parents send him to a charter school instead of a public school to enhance his learning, they are probably doing it for the following reason.
standards are more selective
According to Diana Baumrind, _____ is the caregiving dimension reflecting how parents explain, criticize, punish, and persuade.
strategies for discipline
According to your text, the real risk factor for impaired family function is:
stress
After an investigation by family services determines that Birdie has been neglected by her mother, she is removed from the home and placed with an aunt. This is an example of _____ prevention of child maltreatment.
tertiary
An emergency responder uses naloxone to reverse a suspected opiate overdose. This example illustrates _____ prevention.
tertiary
Angela's little girl found a bottle of her perfume and drank half the bottle. Angela immediately calls Poison Control and takes the steps that they suggest. This is an example of _____ prevention.
tertiary
Improved emergency room procedures are an example of ___________ prevention.
tertiary
According to Sigmund Freud, little girls have the unconscious desire to replace their mothers and win their father's exclusive love. He called this:
the Electra complex
Emotional regulation is:
the ability to control when and how emotions are expressed.
According to a recent study of childhood stress, a parental conflict can lead to internalizing behavior when:
the child feels responsible
Nima is almost 6 years old. According to the text, Nima and MOST children her age already know _____ of nouns and verbs and they understand many parts of speech.
thousands
According to the textbook, same-sex families _____ function well for children.
usually
The textbook suggests that the vulnerability of 2- to 6-year-olds to injury reflects a "perfect storm" of ______ and a(n) _____.
well-developed motor skills; immature prefrontal cortex
Older children tend to choose best friends:
whose interests, values, and backgrounds are similar to their own
Which of the following is an example of a fine motor skill?
writing
Vygotsky's term for the skills that a person can experience only with assistance (not yet independently) is:
zone of proximal development