Unit 3 Review
What was the primary result of road and turnpike development?
Migration from east to west increased
From 1820 to 1865, the debates over nullification, protective tariffs, and the spread of slavery into the new territories concerned the constitutional issue of the
balance of power between the federal and state governments
What was the role of African American soldiers in the Union Army during the Civil War?
African Americans could not join until after the Emancipation Proclamation
Which of the following was a direct effect of the trend in immigration after 1845 shown on the graph?
An upsurge in nativist sentiment
In 1836, Texas gained independence from Mexico. Shortly after it became free from Mexico, Texas requested to be annexed by the United States. The United States did not annex Texas until 1845. Which of the following was one of the reasons that the United States did not initially want to annex Texas?
Because Texas allowed slavery, Northerners were opposed to allowing another slave state into the Union
This cartoon, labeled "Forcing Slavery Down the Throat of a Freesoiler," represents which of the following?
Bleeding Kansas
How was the Nullification Crisis resolved?
Congress made a compromise tariff to satisfy Southern states
How did the slavery issue in the United States intensify after the Mexican American War?
Debates began over whether the newly acquired U.S. land would allow slavery
Fredrick Douglass broke away from William Lloyd Garrison and created his own anti-slavery newspaper The North Star because
Douglass believed abolition could be achieved non-violently, while William Lloyd Garrison was willing to use any means necessary to achieve abolition
Which significant event occurred on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House, Virginia?
General Lee surrendered to General Grant
"Jackson Replaces Many Government Workers With His Supporters" "Jackson Vetoes Bank Recharter Bill for Political Reasons" "Jackson Refuses to Enforce Worcester v. Georgia Decision" Which conclusion about President Andrew Jackson is most consistent with these headlines?
He expanded presidential powers
On May 22, 1856, South Carolina Congressman Preston Brooks attacked Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner on the Senate floor in response to a speech entitled "The Crime against Kansas" that Senator Sumner had given days earlier. What was Sumner's argument in his speech?
He spoke out against the Kansas-Nebraska Act
How did Andrew Jackson handle the banking crisis upon his election to the presidency?
He took measures to shut down the Bank of the United States and weaken federal control over banking
In response to its disagreement with the tariff bill of 1832, the South Carolina legislature actually voted to nullify the law within its borders. What did President Andrew Jackson do in response to South Carolina's nullification?
Jackson threatened to send federal troops to South Carolina to force them to comply with the law
All of the following were issues that led to the Mexican American War EXCEPT
Mexican invasion on American soil
In what way was Harriet Beecher Stowe's book Uncle Tom's Cabin so important to the abolition movement?
It exposed the evils and cruelty of slavery
Why can the Emancipation Proclamation be seen as a diplomatic document?
It made it hard for foreign nations to recognize and support the Confederacy
How did the Second Great Awakening spur increased involvement in 19th century reform movements?
It sparked a revival of religion in the United States that led many to be active reformers based on moral conviction
Which statement is true regarding the U.S. military during the Civil War?
It was the first legally forced enlistment in American history
Which statement best describes the Battle of Antietam?
It was the first major battle on Union soil and the bloodiest day in U.S. battle history
Which Statement best describes how western expansion in the early-to mid-1800s impacted Native Americans living in the Southeast?
Most Native Americans were removed from their homelands and relocated in what is now Oklahoma
"...I have no motive, my friends, to deceive you. I am sincerely desirous to promote your welfare. Listen to me, therefore, while I tell you that you cannot remain where you now are. Circumstances that cannot be controlled, and which are beyond the reach of human laws, render it impossible that you can flourish in the midst of a civilized community. You have but one remedy within your reach. And that is, to remove to the West and join your countrymen, who are already established there. And the sooner you do this the sooner you will commence your career of improvement and prosperity...." — President Andrew Jackson, 1835 Which group of people was President Jackson addressing?
Native American Indians
Which of these statements can be supported by information on the time line?
President Jackson supported the states over the Supreme Court on Native- American issues
Southern secession was most likely caused by what?
Southerners were outraged over Lincoln's 1860 presidential victory which had happened without a single Republican electoral vote coming from the South
The siege of the Alamo resulted from which of the following?
Texas declaring independence from Mexico
What was the result of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842?
The boundary between the Maine and Canada was defined
Which statement is true regarding the California Gold Rush?
The consequent increase in population led to California application for statehood
"Uncle Tom's Cabin Stirs Controversy" "Kansas Rocked by Bloody Conflict" "John Brown's Raid Angers South" Which statement about the United States in the1850s is best supported by these headlines?
The nation had grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery
"While the [first] inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving the Union without war, urgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war—seeking to dissolve the Union and divide effects by negotiation. Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came." - Abraham Lincoln, March 4, 1865 In this section of Lincoln's second inaugural address, what claim does he make about the United States?
They are fighting to preserve the Union
The Republican Party was formed in 1854. One of the issues that led to the creation of the Republican Party was the Kansas-Nebraska Act. What was the Republican Party's stance on this issue?
They opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act because they were against the expansion of slavery into new states
Actions Taken by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War Increased the size of the army without congressional authorization Arrested and jailed anti-Unionists without giving a reason Censored some anti-Union newspapers and had some editors and publishers arrested Which statement is most clearly supported by these actions of President Lincoln?
Wartime emergencies led President Lincoln to expand his presidential powers
Which statement BEST explains the increase in sectionalism between 1820 and 1850?
Westward expansion caused a recurring debate over the expansion of slavery into the new territories
The sectionalism that eventually broke out into Civil War had its beginnings in the
patterns of colonial settlement
Which event was most influenced by the principle of Manifest Destiny?
acquisition of the Mexican Cession
Both the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850 settled conflicts between the North and South over
admission of states to the Union
In August 1861, Lincoln signed the Confiscation Act, which authorized the seizure of
all property used to support the rebellion
One way in which the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (1798) and the South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification (1832) are similar is that each
claimed that individual states have the right to interpret federal laws
"... In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you. You can have no conflict without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have the most solemn one to "preserve, protect, and defend it." — President Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861 President Lincoln made this statement in an effort to
convince Southerners that he posed no threat to their way of life
Increased immigration from Ireland to the United States during the 1840s was primarily a result of
crop failures in Ireland that led to mass starvation
Before the Civil War, the principle of popular sovereignty was proposed as a means of
deciding the legalization of slavery in a new state
Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, and West Virginia were Border States during the Civil War, meaning these states
did not take a side during the entire course of war
1803 — Louisiana Purchase Treaty established western boundary of United States. 1818 — Convention with Britain established northern boundary of Louisiana Territory. 1819 — Adams-Onís Treaty granted Florida to United States. 1842 — Webster-Ashburton Treaty established Maine- Canada border. 1846 — Treaty of Oregon established northern boundary of Oregon Territory. The timeline shows that the major way the United States gained territory in the early 19th century was through
diplomacy
The major cause of death for Civil War soldiers was
disease and infection
Starting with the election of President Andrew Jackson (1828), voter participation increased due to the
end of property requirements for voting by many states
What is the subject of this 1872 painting?
evolution of westward migration
The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was mainly concerned with
expanding women's rights
"Compromise Enables Maine and Missouri To Enter Union" (1820) "California Admitted to Union as Free State"(1850) "Kansas-Nebraska Act Sets Up Popular Sovereignty"(1854). Which issue is reflected in these headlines?
extension of slavery
During the 1840s, abolitionists opposed annexation of new western territory because they
feared the admission of new slave states
The election results shown on this map most clearly reflect the influence of
feared the admission of new slave states
The foreign policies of President James Polk involving Texas, California, and the Oregon Territory were all efforts to
fulfill the goal of Manifest Destiny
In the United States, regional differences in economic development are primarily due to
geographic factors in various parts of the nation
This poster from the 1850s appeared in response to the
passage of the Fugitive Slave Law
In 1846, David Wilmot of Pennsylvania submitted a proposal to Congress that would have outlawed slavery in which area?
land acquired from Mexico
The phrase "by military conquest, treaty, and purchase" best describes the
methods used to expand the territory of the United States
• 21 July, 1861 First Battle of Manassas • 26 June - 2 July, 1862 Seven Days' Battles • 30 August, 1862 Second Battle of Manassas Confederate victories in these battles are BEST explained by Confederate superiority in
military leadership
"... With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's wounds...to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and a lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations." — President Abraham Lincoln, March 4 1865 This selection expresses Lincoln's hope for restoration of
national unity
President Andrew Jackson used the spoils system to
provide jobs to political party supporters
One of the major contributions by the civilian war effort included
providing medical and sanitation services
The Confederate defeat at Vicksburg was important because it
resulted in the Confederacy being split in half along the Mississippi River
The Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) was significant because it
ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories
A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free." --Abraham Lincoln, 1858 According to the above quotation, Abraham Lincoln believed that
sectional differences threatened to destroy the Union
During the mid-nineteenth century, many Americans believed that the nation's "Manifest Destiny" was to
settle the lands covering the entire North American continent
By 1863, MOST military planners knew that the South could not continue to fight indefinitely because
the Southern industrial base was too weak to support the expense of waging war
"We are not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people, and must make old and young, rich and poor; feel the hard hand of war." —William Tecumseh Sherman, 1865 This quote is referring to which of the following?
the burning of Atlanta
"The slaveholding states will no longer have the power of self-government, or self-protection, and the federal government will become their enemy. . . ." —South Carolina legislature, Declaration of the Causes of Secession, 1860 "The Union is older than any of these states, and, in fact, it created them as states." —Abraham Lincoln, 1861 These quotes represent two sides in which important conflict in American history?
the conflict over how much independence states should have in the federal system
During the early 1800s, the United States placed few restrictions on immigration because
the industrial economy was creating new jobs
Which part of the Compromise of 1850 received the greatest support from Southern farmers?
the passage of a strict fugitive slave law
"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." --- Abraham Lincoln November 19, 1863 What was the purpose of this section of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address?
to inspire people to see the Confederates as brothers
What is one reason that Andrew Jackson issued the Specie Circular in July 1836, requiring payment in gold or silver for all public lands?
to strengthen the government's currency
The data shown in the graphs best support the conclusion that the North
was better prepared economically to fight the Civil War