UNIX/Linux Final

The line in the script for setting the Bash shell is: ____.

# !/bin/bash

To run a program in the background, append the ____ character to the end of the command used to start the program.

&

The ____ option of the diff command does not compare for blank lines.

-B

The ____ option of the diff command ignores blanks that repeat.

-b

The ____ option of the diff command shows lines surrounding the line that differs.

-c

The ____ option of the ping command displays only a summary of the results.

-q

When using the mount command, you use the ____ option to specify a file system to mount.

-t

The ____ option of the uniq command instructs it to generate as output only the lines of the source file that are not duplicated successively.

-u

The ____ option of the grep command displays only lines that do not contain the search pattern.

-v

The ____ option of the diff command is used to display the differences side-by-side in columns.

-y

The ____ directory contains executables, which are the programs needed to start the system and perform other essential system tasks.

/bin

The ____ directory contains configuration files that the system uses when the computer starts.

/etc

If you plan to have multiple users access a system, you can create a ____ partition, which is the home directory for all users' directories.

/home

You can create a ____ partition to hold files that are created temporarily, such as files used for printing documents (spool files) and files used to record monitoring and administration data, often called log files.

/var

The df utility reports the number of ____-byte blocks that are allocated, used, and available; the percentage used; and the mount point—for mounted file systems.

1024

The ASCII character set represents ____ characters.

256

You can use the ____ operator to redirect commands or program error messages from the screen to a file.

2>

When you use the du utility, file usage is expressed in the number of ____-byte blocks (default) or by the number of bytes (the -b option).

512

Unicode offers up to ____ characters.

65,536

When editing a text file with vi, if you want to save your changes and exit right away, you can use ____ or ZZ from command mode.

:wq

In the Linux Bash shell, the ____ key combination moves the cursor to the position just before the first character of the next word.

Alt+l

Stephen Bourne at AT&T Bell Labs developed the ____ shell as the first UNIX command processor.

Bourne

In the Linux Bash shell, the ____ key combination moves the cursor to the previous letter.

Ctrl+b

In the Linux Bash shell, the ____ key combination deletes the content of the command line from the current cursor position to the end of the command line.

Ctrl+k

You can use ____ to search backward in Emacs.

Ctrl+r

Currently, the ____ project, a joint effort of experts from industry, academia, and government, is working to standardize UNIX.

POSIX

The two most popular hard disk interfaces are IDE and ____.

SCSI

____ is a multifunction tool that enables you to manage openSUSE from one location.

YaST

To append new lines in sed, you must use the ____ command

a\

The ____ shell, when compared to the other shells, has a more powerful programming interface.

bash

You can use the ____ command to show the system calendar.

cal

In a flowchart, a(n) ____ is an on-page connector to continue process flow.

circle

You can use the ____ utility to compare the contents of two files, and if there is a difference, the command reports the location at which the files first start to differ.

cmp

You can access vi's ex mode by pressing Esc, and then typing a(n) ____ to enter extended commands at the bottom of the screen.

colon (:)

Each record in the /etc/passwd file is simply a record with variable-length fields separated by ____.

colons (:)

The vi editor's ____ mode is started by pressing Esc.

command

The ____ reads the lines of code that the programmer wrote in the source file and converts them to the appropriate machine-language instructions.

compiler

The command > accountsfile ____.

creates an empty file called accountsfile

To reference a variable, you use a dollar sign ($) in front of it or enclose it in ____.

curly brackets ({ })

Possessing a rich set of options that allow it to handle copies when other methods are inappropriate, the ____ command can handle conversions to and from legacy EBCDIC to ASCII.

dd

A byte consists of ____ binary digits.

eight

When you assign a value to a variable, you might want to evaluate it by displaying its contents via a(n) ____ operator.

evaluating

Compiled and interpreted files that can be run are called ____ program files.

executable

In Linux, the native file system is the ____, which is installed by default.

ext fs

A(n) ____ is used to reduce file fragmentation, because a block of contiguous disk storage can be reserved for a file.

extent

A popular use of pr is to convert lowercase characters to uppercase characters.

false

After creating a flowchart, the next step in designing a program is to write the program code.

false

Emacs is a modal editor.

false

For some languages, such as Chinese, the ASCII character set is preferred instead of the Unicode character set.

false

If you plan to have multiple users accessing your system, you should consider having a /var partition in which to store some or all of the nonkernel operating system programs that are accessed by users.

false

In UNIX/Linux, all shells support the same commands and programming statements.

false

Most computers store text using EBCDIC codes.

false

Shell scripts run more quickly than compiled programs.

false

The command rmdir can be used to delete a directory that is not empty.

false

The top utility continues to produce output until you press x to terminate the execution of the program.

false

UNIX/Linux are not case sensitive.

false

When you are moving files, using the -o option with the mv command can be a good idea so that you don't unexpectedly overwrite a destination file with the same name.

false

You can use the < operator to redirect a command's output from the screen to a file.

false

By default, each page in the output of pr has a ____-line header, which, by default, contains the current file's name, its last modification date, the current page, and a trailer consisting of blank lines.

five

A ____ is a logic diagram that uses a set of standard symbols to visually explain the sequence of events from the start of a process to its end point.

flowchart

The root of a file system is denoted by the ____.

forward slash (/)

The ____ command displays the amount of free and used memory in the system.

free

Wildcard characters are also known as ____ characters.

glob

You use the ____ command to search for a specified pattern in a file, such as a particular word or phrase.

grep

The UNIX/Linux shell acts as a(n) ____ when reading script files.

interpreter

To view a list of the files in a directory, including the hidden files, you should enter ____.

ls -a

The exclusive use of 0s and 1s as a way to communicate with the computer is known as ____ language.

machine

The ____ utility maintains program source code.

make

UNIX and Linux are ____ systems, which allow one user to execute more than one program at a time.

multitasking

UNIX/Linux are ____ systems, which let many people simultaneously access and share the resources of a server computer.

multiuser

The ____ utility gathers statistics and information about IP communications on a computer.

netstat

The term ____ refers to a "black hole"; any data sent to this device is gone forever.

null

The ____ redirects the output of one command to the input of another command.

pip operator (I)

____ operators compare the relationship between two values or arguments.

relational

With no options, ____ displays the current listing of Bash environment and shell script variables.

set

System administrators and programmers refer to standard input as ____.

stdin

System administrators and programmers refer to standard output as ____.

stdout

Each step in the program is represented by a(n) ____ in the flowchart.

symbol

A ____ is a name consisting of letters, numbers, or characters and is used to reference the contents of a variable.

symbolic name

If a source file contains ____ errors, it cannot be converted into an executable file.

syntax

Computer files containing nothing but printable characters are called ____ files.

text

When you create a script, you should include the command that sets the particular shell to use on ____.

the first line of the script

One use of ____ is to get a general idea of how efficiently your network is designed.

traceroute

A .bash_logout file in each Bash user's home directory executes commands when the user logs out.

true

A high-level language is a computer language that uses English-like expressions.

true

As a general rule, the swap partition should be the same size as the amount of RAM in your computer.

true

Emacs is a screen editor.

true

Files that contain nonprintable characters, such as machine instructions, are called binary files.

true

Like the vi editor, Emacs lets you search for specific text.

true

Most shells keep a list of your recently used commands and allow you to recall a command without retyping it.

true

One of the most effective utilities for auditing system performance is the top command.

true

The Bash shell offers improved features over the older Bourne and Korn shells and is fully backward compatible with the Bourne shell.

true

The command cd source uses relative path addressing.

true

The pipe operator can connect several commands on the same command line.

true

UNIX/Linux store data, such as letters, product records, or vendor reports, in flat ASCII files.

true

UNIX/Linux systems interpret a single dot character to mean the current working directory.

true

Unlike top, the free utility runs and then automatically exits.

true

When you use restore, by default it copies back to your current working directory.

true

You should omit spaces when you assign a variable without using single or double quotation marks around its value.

true

The .bashrc file is a hidden file contained in ____ directory.

your home