US history 1877-present (midterm study guide)

Trench Warfare

A form of warfare in which opposing armies fight each other from trenches dug in the battlefield.

The League of Nations

an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations

To display US military potency, ___________ sent _________________ on a world tour. a. McKinley - The US Marine Corps b. Hays - The US Special Forces c. Teddy Roosevelt - The White Fleet d. Taft - The newly created US Airforce

c. Teddy Roosevelt - The White Fleet

Lincoln Steffers, Ida Tarbell, Jacob Riis, and Ray Stannard Baker were all examples of a. lobbyists. b. mugwumps. c. muckrakers. d. suffragists.

c. muckrakers.

Fireside chats in the 1930s refer to a. changing dating norms in the US, demonstrating the increased sexuality of youth. b. speeches given by the Republican opposition about the negative impact of the New Deal. c. radio broadcasts that FDR addressed to the US public. d. government attempts to decrease the danger of forest fires in the West.

c. radio broadcasts that FDR addressed to the US public.

Walter Rauschenbusch's call for Christianity to be a revolutionary faith was part of the a. investigative journalism. b. environmental Christian movement. c. social gospel movement. d. Lost Cause.

c. social gospel movement.

The first time federal troops were used in significant numbers to suppress civilian strikers was a. the Haymarket Riot. b. the Lattimer Massacre c. the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 d. the UAW strike in Detroit.

c. the Great Railroad Strike of 1877

Upton Sinclair's The Jungle helped push TR to urge congress to pass a. the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. b. the Environmental Protection Act. c. the Pure Food and Drug Act. d. the Adamson Act.

c. the Pure Food and Drug Act.

Scopes Trial

1925 trial of a Tennessee schoolteacher for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution

The most successful New Deal employment program was a. the FERA. b. the CCC. c. the NIRA. d. the AAA.

b. the CCC.

The White Man's Burden

idea that many European countries had a duty to spread their religion and culture to those less civilized

Cowboys: image vs. reality

image: heroic, older men, white. reality: typically young men, all races, not heroic majority of time.

Impact of Electricity

1. The invention of time saving appliances 2. Electric streetcars were made 3. Manufacturers could now move their plants wherever they wanted to

Dawes Severalty Act

1887, dismantled American Indian tribes, set up individuals as family heads with 160 acres, tried to make rugged individualists out of the Indians, attempt to assimilate the Indian population into that of the American

Harlem Renaissance

A literary and artistic movement celebrating African-American culture.

The Charitable Organization Society

Charity Organization Societies were made up of charitable groups that used scientific philanthropy to help poor, distressed or deviant persons. The Societies considered themselves more than just alms givers. Their ultimate goal was to restore as much self-sufficiency and responsibility as an individual could manage.

Which of the following is NOT true of the Great Sioux War? a. One of the major causes was the violation of Sioux land rights by miners. b. Sheridan's total war led to mass starvation and disease among the Sioux, forcing them to sell their land to the government. c. More US soldiers were killed in the campaign than Native Americans. d. Custer's military prowess was confirmed in the Battle of Little Bighorn

NOT a

Which of the following contributed to the demise of Buffalo herds in the West? a. Commercial hunting b. Drought c. The growth of railroads d. Food competition with other grazing animals introduced into the West e. A & C only f. A & B only g. All of the above

NOT e; might be g. all of the above

Vertical Integration

Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution

The Social Settlement Movement

Settlement home in the east provided social services and education to poor workers.

The Frontier Thesis

The argument by Frederick Jackson Turner that the frontier experience helped make American society more democratic; emphasized cheap, unsettled land and the absence of a landed aristocracy.

An important victory for limiting the workday for women, decided by the Supreme Court in 1908, was a. Muller v. Oregon b. Woodruff v. North Bloomfield Gravel Mining Company c. Roe v. Wade d. Obergefell v. Hodges

a. Muller v. Oregon

Jack Dempsey, Red Grange, and Henry Louis Gehrig were examples of the US's obsession with a. sports. b. film. c. murder trials. d. robber barons.

a. sports.

Accommodation

adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information (?)

The Grange

an association formed by farmers in the last 1800s to make life better for farmers by sharing information about crops, prices, and supplies

AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act)

asked farmers to reduce production and destroy surpluses

Wilson's slogan for the 1916 presidential campaign was a. "United we stand." b. "He kept us out of the war." c. "A Square Deal for the American public." d. "Make American Great Again."

b. "He kept us out of the war."

The US ended involvement in WWI by signing and ratifying the Treaty of Versailles a. True b. False

b. False

The founder of the American Birth Control League in 1921 was a. Betty Friedan. b. Margaret Sanger. c. Amelia Earhart d. Gertrude Stein

b. Margaret Sanger.

Who did farmers NOT blame for farm struggles in the 1890s? a. railroads b. warehouse owners c. religious leaders d. food processors

c. religious leaders

Which of the following was NOT a leader of a major US suffrage organization? a. Carrie Chapman Catt b. Julia Ward Howe c. Elizabeth Cady Stanton d. Helen Hunt Jackson

d. Helen Hunt Jackson

J.P. Morgan, John D. Rockefeller, and Andrew Carnegie are all examples of a. Oil tycoons b. Corporate titans c. Robber barons d. Railroad magnates e. A & C f. B & C g. All of the above

f. B & C

CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)

hired unemployed young single men to work preserving the nation's natural resources

Volstead Act

law enacted by Congress to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment

The Great Migration

movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920

Mexican Repatriation Program

the mass deportation of hundreds of thousands of Mexicans during the Depression.

Promontory Point, Utah

where the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads met; joined the railroads to create America's first transcontinental railroad

Name 10 people, groups, events, or pieces of legislation that the reading for today indicated were significant in the 1920s

1. prohibition 2. Franklin D. Roosevelt 3. stock market crash 4. great depression 5. immigration act 6. teapot dome scandal 7. Herbert Hoover 8. Calvin Coolidge 9. Warren G. Harding 10. nativism

McKinley Tariff

1890 tariff that raised protective tariff levels by nearly 50%, making them the highest tariffs on imports in the United States history

Homestead Strike

1892 steelworker strike near Pittsburgh against the Carnegie Steel Company. Ten workers were killed in a riot when "scab" labor was brought in to force an end to the strike.

The Indian Reorganization Act

1934 - Restored tribal ownership of lands, recognized tribal constitutions and government, and provided loans for economic development.

The Palmer Raids

A 1920 operation coordinated by Attorney General Mitchel Palmer in which federal marshals raided the homes of suspected radicals and the headquarters of radical organization in 32 cities

1924 Immigration Act

A United States federal law that limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890, according to the Census of 1890, and banned immigration of Asians. The law was aimed at further restricting the Southern and Eastern Europeans who were immigrating in large numbers starting in the 1890s, as well as prohibiting the immigration of East Asians and Asian Indians. These efforts were due in part to keep America a Protestant country.

Ida Tarbell

A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil.

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

A major feminist prophet during the late 19th and early 20th century. She published "Women and Economics" which called on women to abandon their dependent status and contribute more to the community through the economy. She created centralized nurseries and kitchens to help get women into the work force.

Open Door Policy

A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.

Reconstruction and Finance Corporation

Agency established in 1932 to provide emergency relief to large businesses, insurance companies, and banks.

Margaret Sanger

American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.

Cross of Gold speech

An address given by Bryan, the Democratic presidential nominee during the national convention of the Democratic party, it criticized the gold standard and supported the coinage of silver. His beliefs were popular with debt-ridden farmers.

Mark Hanna

An industrialist and Republican politician from Ohio. The campaign manager of McKinley in the 1896, in what is considered the forerunner of the modern political campaign, and subsequently became one of the most powerful members of the U.S. Senate.

1896 Election

Campaign between Democrat William Jennings Bryan and Republican William McKinley. Bryan was backed by the Populist party, but disliking his Vice Presidential candidate, the Populists nominated their own candidate for VP. Bryan also lost the gold-bug Democrats who nominated their own candidate after he came out in support of bimetallism. William McKinley, who raised millions for his own campaign, received about 500,000 more popular votes and the majority of the electoral votes. His victory marked the end of Populism.

Wounded Knee

In 1890, after killing Sitting Bull, the 7th Cavalry rounded up Sioux at this place in South Dakota and 300 unarmed Natives were murdered and only a baby survived.

Hoboes

In the 1930s these men roamed the country, hopped of freight cars, and went to wherever they could find a job. Sometimes they had to beg for food.

Cult of True Womanhood

It emphasized domesticity, piety, purity, and submissiveness as the attributes of a true woman.

The Sedition Act

Made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials. Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, guaranteed by the First Amendment.

Black Tuesday

October 29, 1929; the day the stock market crashed. Lead to the Panic of 1929

Homestead Act

Passed in 1862, it gave 160 acres of public land to any settler who would farm the land for five years. The settler would only have to pay a registration fee of $25.

The Roosevelt Corollary

Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force

Hoovervilles

Shanty towns that the unemployed built in the cities during the early years of the Depression; the name given to them shows that thte people blamed Hoover directly for the Depression.

The Gospel of Wealth

The belief that, as the guardians of society's wealth, the rich have a duty to serve society; promoted by Andrew Carnegie; Carnegie donated more than $350 million to libraries, school, peace initiatives, and the arts

"Myth of the Garden"

The romanticized ideas towards the west.

The Zimmerman Telegram

This was sent by Germans to encourage a Mexican attack against the United States. Intercepted by the US in 1917.

Effects of the Spanish American War

Treaty of Paris; US acquired Cuba, Guam, and Puerto Rico; purchased Philippines for $20 million

Scottsboro Case

Two white girls accused 9 black teenagers of raping them on a train. There was overwhelming evidence that the boys hadn't done anything, but they were convicted anyway. Later, the Supreme Court overturned the case and the boys eventually got their freedom.

The Maine Explosion (1898)

U.S. battleship sent to Cuba, it exploded killing 200+ Americans. U.S. thought it was Spain attacking them. This was used as excuse to start war with Spain.

Mary McLeod Bethune

United States educator who worked to improve race relations and educational opportunities for Black Americans (1875-1955)

The Federal Reserve Act

a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply

Double Consciousness

a concept conceived by W.E.B. DuBois to describe the two behavioral scripts, one for moving through the world and the other incorporating the external opinions of prejudiced onlookers, which are constantly maintained by African Americans

Klondike Gold Rush

a frenzy of gold rush immigration to and for gold prospecting, along the Klondike River near Dawson City, Yukon, Canada after gold was discovered there in the late 19th century.

WPA Slave Narratives

a massive compilation of histories by former slaves undertaken by the Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration from 1936 to 1938.

Who was the first president to address the nation by radio? a. Calvin Coolidge b. Herbert Hoover c. FDR d. Wilson

a. Calvin Coolidge

The Roosevelt Corollary deals with what specific part of the world? a. Latin America b. Canada c. Asia d. Africa

a. Latin America

What well-known farm protest leader argued that struggling farmers should take control of their destinies "with the ballot if possible, but if not that way then with the bayonet"? a. Mary Elizabeth Lease b. Emma Goldman c. Jackie Onnasis d. Jane Addams

a. Mary Elizabeth Lease

The US, under TR, aided ______________ in gaining their independence so that the US could complete _____________________. a. Panama - The Panama Canal b. Columbia - The Panama Canal c. Paraguay - The Suez Canal d. Uruguay - The Suez Canal

a. Panama - The Panama Canal

The Union Pacific Railroad and Central Pacific Railroad met at ________________, emblematic of the competitive cooperation in constructing a transcontinental railroad. a. Promontory Point, Utah b. Carson City, Nevada c. Cheyenne, Wyoming d. Abilene, Kansas

a. Promontory Point, Utah

Which of the following is true of tariffs on imported goods? a. They hurt farmers because they had to pay higher prices for manufactured goods they needed. b. They helped farmers because they paid lower prices for manufactured goods they needed. c. They had no impact at all on farming families. d. Tariffs helped farmers win the trade war with Canadian farmers.

a. They hurt farmers because they had to pay higher prices for manufactured goods they needed.

Most women who entered the work force during WWI returned to traditionally female jobs after the war. a. True b. False

a. True

Buffalo soldiers, memorialized in Bob Marley's 1983 song, were a. black soldiers sent to fight as part of the Indian Wars. b. a US cavalry unit that actively decimated the buffalo herds in the West as part of an attempt to destroy the Native Americans there. c. soldiers who pioneered today's rodeo, attempting to ride buffalo for as long as possible. d. Native Americans who chose to fight on the side of the US against other Native American tribes.

a. black soldiers sent to fight as part of the Indian Wars.

The Lever Act a. gave the president authority to manage the nation's food and fuel supplies, and allowed federal agencies to set prices for commodities. b. established the national draft. c. limited the number of immigrants who could serve in the US military. d. closed the US stock market for the duration of the war.

a. gave the president authority to manage the nation's food and fuel supplies, and allowed federal agencies to set prices for commodities.

Terence Powderly and Samuel Gompers are best known for a. leading labor unions in the Gilded Age. b. attempting to assassinate the president of the US (and in one case succeeding...). c. defending Emma Goldman in her deportation trial. d. founding Hull House

a. leading labor unions in the Gilded Age.

The Scottsboro Boys case demonstrated that a. racism was alive and well in the US judicial system. b. wealthy defendants could bribe their way out of harsh sentence. c. women were given lighter prison sentences than men in the 1930s.. d. episodes 1-3 of the Star Wars trilogy are an abomination.

a. racism was alive and well in the US judicial system.

Ellsworth, Wichita, Abilene, and Dodge City were all significant cities for a. the 19th century cattle industry. b. the 19th century mining boom. c. Mando's protection of the child. d. the commercialization of farming in the West.

a. the 19th century cattle industry.

Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, and Louis Armstrong are all part of the movement known as a. the Harlem Renaissance. b. the NAACP. c. the Anti-Imperialism League d. the Modernist impulse.

a. the Harlem Renaissance.

Waterboarding was used by US soldiers in a. the Philippine-American War. b. the Spanish-American War. c. the Boxer Rebellion. d. the Samoan takeover.

a. the Philippine-American War.

Coxey's army ended when a. the arrest of the leaders in D.C. b. an armed skirmish with federal troops in Ohio. c. the untimely death of Coxey after slipping into a ravine in winter. d. the grand council directed the Doctor to reverse the impact of the strike.

a. the arrest of the leaders in D.C.

Theodore Roosevelt called ______________ "an act of dirty treachery," although it was later found to have been accidental. a. the sinking of The Maine b. the Ride up San Juan Hill c. the underestimation of mineral deposits in Alaska d. the attack in the hall of prophecy

a. the sinking of The Maine

Privileged, educated women who volunteered to live in inner-city communities and offer social services were part of a. the social settlement movement. b. the women's suffrage movement. c. the anti-trust movement. d. the eight-hour movement.

a. the social settlement movement.

"No man's land" was part of the system of ____________________ used in WWI. a. trench warfare b. scorched earth tactics c. ethnic cleansing d. pandorica imprisonment

a. trench warfare

Court stacking

aka "the judicial procedures reform bill of 1937"; legislative initiative proposed by FDR to add more supreme justices to the US supreme court in order to obtain favorable rulings regarding new deal legislation.

Frederick W. Taylor

an engineer, an inventor, and a tennis player. He sought to eliminate wasted motion. Famous for scientific-management especially time-management studies.

What originally motivated Oliver Kelly to organize the Grange? a. Concern about lack of healthcare for farmers b. Concern about the social isolation farmers felt c. Concern about the lackluster food choices farmers had d. Concern about lack of sleep on farms.

b. Concern about the social isolation farmers felt

Which of the following is NOT a motivation for US imperialism as outlined by McKinley? a. National glory b. Guaranteed food supply for the US c. Commerce (increased trading relationships) d. Racial superiority

b. Guaranteed food supply for the US

What did the FDIC do? a. Protect farmers by insuring their crops. b. Insure customer bank accounts to avoid future panics. c. Oversee college football d. Protect the stock market by enforcing regulations.

b. Insure customer bank accounts to avoid future panics.

Which is true of the film industry during the Great Depression? a. It focused on real-life dramas to address social ills. b. It focused on escapist genres including comedies, musicals, and horror. c. The population, economically depressed by the economic downturn, stopped attending the cinema, leading to mass closures of movie theatres. d. Fans stopped following the lives of movie stars, and this led to a decline in film studio profits.

b. It focused on escapist genres including comedies, musicals, and horror.

Which of the following is NOT true of the Zimmerman Telegram? a. It invited Mexico to invade the US. b. It made allowances for German mineral rights in Texas. c. It promised to return the Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona to the Mexicans once the US was defeated. d. It was sent by the Germans to the Mexican government.

b. It made allowances for German mineral rights in Texas.

Which of the following military advances was NOT used in WWI? a. Submarines b. Nuclear technology c. Flame throwers d. Aerial bombing

b. Nuclear technology

________________________ enabled millions of US residents who lived on isolated farms and in small towns to buy the same goods available in cities. a. K-Mart b. Sears and Roebuck c. Wells Fargo Mercantile d. JC Penny

b. Sears and Roebuck

The __________________________ refused to allow blacks to join. a. Western Union of Farmers b. Southern Alliance c. Separatists d. Quakers

b. Southern Alliance

Which of the following was NOT a party that ran a candidate in the 1912 election? a. The Republican Party b. The Populist Party c. The Democratic Party d. The Socialist Party e. The Progressive Party

b. The Populist Party

What legislation was passed by congress in 1890 to restrain monopolies in the US? a. The Wagner Act b. The Sherman Anti-Trust Act c. The Taft-Hartley Act d. The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act

b. The Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Which program in the Second New Deal included the Federal Arts Project, and the Federal Writers Project? a. The Wagner Act b. The WPA c. The SSA d. The NRA

b. The WPA

Exodusters were a. religious zealots who believed God had called them to move West to settle the land, much like the Israelites in the biblical Exodus. b. black Americans who fled the South, often to farm in Kansas. c. cowboys seeking wealth in the Southwest territories. d. survivors of major dust storms in the 1870s.

b. black Americans who fled the South, often to farm in Kansas.

The massacre at Wounded Knee was precipitated by a.Helen Hunt Jackson's history of Native American exploitation. b. concerns about the Ghost Dance movement. c. Frederick Jackson Turner's Frontier Thesis. d. the discovery of the Comstock Lode.

b. concerns about the Ghost Dance movement.

The 1877 Supreme Court decision Munn v. Illinois a. argued for the doctrine of "Separate but equal." b. found that states could legally regulate businesses that operated in the public interest. c. oil could not be drilled on southern farmland. d. fought against trusts, including Standard Oil.

b. found that states could legally regulate businesses that operated in the public interest.

People in the US spent ten times as much on _______________ in the 1920s than they did on baseball and football tickets. a. Vaudeville b. movies c. floral arrangements d. dance lessons

b. movies

The seventeenth amendment, passed in 1913, a. created the first federal income tax. b. provided for the direct election of senators, rather than their appointment by the state legislature. c. outlawed monopolies in any part of the economy, rather than tolerating them in certain sectors. d. banned the manufacture of alcohol.

b. provided for the direct election of senators, rather than their appointment by the state legislature.

William Jennings Bryan was NOT a. the Democratic Party candidate in the election of 1896. b. the Republican Party candidate in the election of 1896. c. the Populist Party candidate in the 1896 election. d. won the western and southern state popular and electoral votes in the election of 1896.

b. the Republican Party candidate in the election of 1896.

Vertical integration occurs a. when a dominant corporation buys or forces out most of its competitors. b. when a company owns every phase of a business, allowing it to dominate an industry. c. when two corporations merge in order to create a joint-stock company that practices a democratic profit-sharing system. d. when investors buy out the primary owner in order to take the company public on the New York Stock Exchange.

b. when a company owns every phase of a business, allowing it to dominate an industry.

Cosmetic industry

booming; bright cheeks, lips painted in cupid's bow, kohl-rimmed eyes, dark eyeliner, shorter hair, etc

The US acquisition of ______________ ended Russia's imperialist threat in North America. a. Samoa b. Hawaii c. Alaska d. Cuba

c. Alaska

Which of the following is true of changing political patterns in the US in the 1930s? a. Women voters outnumbered male voters, leading to increased Democratic political power. b. Black Americans found it easier to vote as states lifted restrictions against their participation. c. Black Americans switched their allegiance from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party. d. Property requirements to vote were used in all 48 states.

c. Black Americans switched their allegiance from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.

Which of the following was NOT one of the "Three C's" of TR's Square Deal? a. Control of corporations c. Civil Rights protection c. Conservation of natural resources d. Consumer protection

c. Civil Rights protection

One of the key leaders of Black Nationalism in the 1910s and early 1920s was a. Booker T. Washington b. WEB du Bois c. Marcus Garvey d. George Washington Carver

c. Marcus Garvey

New weekday radio programs in the 1920s that were popular with middle-class housewives were often sponsored by national companies advertising a. cars. b. household appliances. c. laundry detergent and dish soap. d. fast food.

c. laundry detergent and dish soap.

Influenced by the Indian Peace Commission, the Medicine Lodge conference in 1867 and the Treaty of Fort Laramie in 1868 demonstrated that the US government's Indian policy was now focused on a. enhancing the influence of politicians on the East coast. b. eradicating Native Americans as a whole. c. moving Native Americans further and further west to land theoretically reserved for their sole use. d. ensuring that treaties made in the 1830s were adhered to by white US settlers.

c. moving Native Americans further and further west to land theoretically reserved for their sole use.

Yellow journalism played a role in starting a. the Good Government Movement. b. the annexation of Hawaii. c. the Spanish-American War d. the Boxer Rebellion.

c. the Spanish-American War

What were causes of farming discontent in 1890 in the west? a. Overproduction b. International competition c. Falling corn prices d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following was NOT one of the Allied Powers in WWI? a. France b. Russia c. Great Britain d. Austria-Hungary

d. Austria-Hungary

Which of the following is NOT part of the Platt Amendment? a. Cuba could never sign a treaty with a third power b. Cuba had to acknowledge the right of the US to intervene whenever it saw fit. c. Cuba had to lease land to the US for a naval base. d. Cuba had to stop producing sugar so as not to compete with Hawaii, a US protectorate.

d. Cuba had to stop producing sugar so as not to compete with Hawaii, a US protectorate.

Which of the following was NOT a founder of the Wobblies (the IWW)? a. Bill Haywood b. Eugene Debs c. Mother Jones d. Henry Frick

d. Henry Frick

________________________ was an illness that historians believe was used by men to keep women in a prescribed gender role, and to delineate masculinity and femininity. a. Arthritis b. Agrophobia c. Dissociative Amnesia d. Neurasthenia

d. Neurasthenia

What did the SEC do? a. Protect farmers by insuring their crops. b. Insure customer back accounts to avoid future panics c. Oversee college football d. Protect the stock market by enforcing regulations.

d. Protect the stock market by enforcing regulations.

What 1913 exhibit is considered one of the most scandalous events in US art history because of its focus on modernism? a. The Centauran Exhibit b. The Surrealist Exhibition c. The Bauhaus Show d. The Armory Show

d. The Armory Show

The Dust Bowl refers to a. the wine region of California. b. the national park area proclaimed on the Trail of Tears. c. the trophy awarded for the national collegiate football championship during the 1930s. d. an ecological catastrophe that led farmers in AR, TX, MO, and OK to abandon their farms.

d. an ecological catastrophe that led farmers in AR, TX, MO, and OK to abandon their farms.

While women's work opportunities were limited in the 1920s, jobs in _____________________ increased 800% in the decade. a. car manufacturing b. congress c. film theaters d. beauty shops

d. beauty shops

Prior to the creation of the _____________________, the inner circle of party leaders chose candidates for offices, often behind closed doors. In 1896 South Carolina became the first party to adopt it, and within twenty years nearly every state had followed. a. national party platforms b. initiative c. referendum d. direct primary

d. direct primary

Most US deaths in the Spanish-American War were caused by a. friendly fire. b. newly-invented Spanish machine guns. c. unforgivable curses, commandeered by Creole magicians. d. disease.

d. disease.

Technological advances in farming had a dual impact in that they decreased the labor burden but also a. increased the rate of alcoholism in the west as industrial stills were easy to obtain. b. increased the need for slaves. c. increased reliance on the railroad. d. increased the debts farmers owed

d. increased the debts farmers owed

In response to the Supreme Court ruling a number of New Deal programs unconstitutional, FDR a. tried to impeach the chief justice. b. asked Eleanor Roosevelt to secretly meet with justices to use "any means necessary" to change their votes. c. contemplated resigning in order to get the point across that his policies were by far the best for the nation. d. proposed increasing the number of judges on the court to 15 in order to deal with the backlog of cases supposedly created by aging justices.

d. proposed increasing the number of judges on the court to 15 in order to deal with the backlog of cases supposedly created by aging justices.

The major difference between the Grange and the Farmers' Alliance was that a. the Grange advocated violent action to force governmental reform. b. the Alliance advocated violent action to force government reform. c. the Grange asked the Wizengamot to act as an intermediary with government agents, while the Alliance favored the AFL-CIO. d. the Alliance emphasized political action and economic cooperation, not just social change.

d. the Alliance emphasized political action and economic cooperation, not just social change.

Considered one of the most outrageous violations of civil liberties in modern history, the ________________________________ were passed by the Democratic-dominated congress in 1917 and 1918. a. the McCarthy and Bolshevik Acts b. Patriot Acts c. the Alien Acts d. the Espionage and Sedition Acts

d. the Espionage and Sedition Acts

Woodruff v. North Bloomfield Gravel Mining Company dealt with a. gender pay gaps in the mining industry. b. the rights of Chinese miners brought in to help increase productivity. c. the financial backing of political candidates by large corporations. d. the dumping of mining debris that might damage farmland or navigable rivers.

d. the dumping of mining debris that might damage farmland or navigable rivers.

The Lindy Hop was a dance created in commemoration of a. the first talkie movie, whose main character was Lynn Jolson. b. the record-breaking dance marathon that saw contestants dance for 94 hours straight. c. the defeat of Grindelwald. d. the first solo trans-Atlantic flight.

d. the first solo trans-Atlantic flight.

A major factor in the start of the so-called Range Wars in the late-1800s was a. political in-fighting and debauchery. b. the railroads stealing land from farmers to expand their shipping lines. c. allowing women to join the cattle drives. d. the invention and use of barbed wire to close the open range.

d. the invention and use of barbed wire to close the open range.

One of the early events pushing the US toward joining WWI was a. the charge up San Juan Hill. b. the Bolshevik Revolution. c. Seward's Folly. d. the sinking of the Lusitania.

d. the sinking of the Lusitania.

The People's Party

formed in 1892, the populist party was created by farmers' alliances. The peoples' party supported the abolition of national banks and the government ownership of railroads

Which of the following were made possible by the expansion of the US rail system? a. The west was opened up to economic development b. Federal troops were easily transported to suppress Indian resistance c. Helped transform commercial agriculture into a major international industry d. Made the transportation of raw materials to factories and finished goods to retailers e. A, B, & C f. B, C, & D g. All of the above

g. All of the above

1893 World's Fair

huge expensive event with purpose to showcase American ingenuity to the world -didn't allow African Americans -Wells and Fredrick wrote pamphlets in protest -allowed 1 day due to backlash

essay Q1: Between 1865 and 1900 the US experienced significant expansion. In the post-Civil War era the US frontier expanded westward, and in the late-nineteenth century the US expanded abroad. Write an essay explaining the expansion of the US in this time period. What led to US expansion? How did the US accumulate territorial possessions? What was the reaction of the US public?

main points:

essay Q2: The role and opportunities for women in the US changed significantly between 1890 and 1939. How did opportunities for women change in this period? You may want to start your essay with an explanation of the broadly accepted gender roles in the mid-1800s.

main points:

essay Q3: The economy of the US grew markedly between 1865 and 1929, followed by a period of depression. Using three (3) different time periods, discuss economic growth and the downturn in the economy. What factors led to economic growth (i.e. what specific sectors arose or grew)? What were some of the social impacts of that growth? One of the time periods you discuss must be post-1929, talking about attempts to help the economy recover.

main points:

essay Q4: The lives of black Americans changed in the first 3 decades of the twentieth century. Write an essay that examines some of those experiences. Use specific examples of events, people, and movements to demonstrate changing lifestyles, attitudes, and status. In what ways did the black experience change? Who were leaders among black Americans? Consider labor and culture as you look at their experience. You might want to start your essay explaining what life was like for black Americans in the late 1800s (i.e. after Reconstruction).

main points:

Spoils System

the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power

Welfare Capitalism

when companies provide incentives to build better relationships with employees; health insurance, safety standards, buy stock in the company