US History Since 1877 Chapter 20 Review
What do you think Albert Beveridge's main motivation was in annexing the Philippines in 1898?
To gain economic benefit from the Philippines' natural resources and location
The advertisement emphasizes that some of the CPI's publications were available in many different languages. Why did it print foreign language versions of its pamphlets?
To make it possible for non-English-speaking immigrants to read pro-war propaganda
What was the goal of the National Defense Act, passed in the course of World War I?
To prepare the United States military for possible entry into World War I
What request is made by the authors to provide legitimacy to the Republic of Hawaii or the possible annexation of Hawaii into the United States?
A fair vote to determine the views of the Hawaiian people
What kind of argument was used against American imperial aspirations in the Springfield Republican editorial?
A moral argument
How did American businessmen view Asia and Latin America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
A source of potential consumers
Why did imperialists claim a right to rule other countries during the late 1880s?
Based on an ideology of racial superiority
What was the difference between Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson's stated approach to foreign policy?
Roosevelt emphasized using power; Wilson emphasized diplomacy and moral persuasion
To what is she referring when she claims that women who joined the "Abraham Lincoln circle of the Ladies of the Grand Army" and other similar organizations had ignored their "solemn duties and responsibilities?"
Standing up for what is right
How did William Howard Taft's approach to foreign policy differ from Theodore Roosevelt's approach?
Taft emphasized investment in Latin America but was willing to use troops there.
Why did Rudyard Kipling choose to use the term "burden" to describe the process of imperialism?
Kipling believed imperialism was a worthy yet difficult obligation of the west.
In addition to independence, what did Cubans who fought against Spain in the 1890s hope to achieve?
Land reform and racial equality
How does Beveridge justify the lack of consent from the people of the Philippines?
It is irrelevant for savage and uncivilized people who know no better.
How did the notion of Cubanidad, pride of nation, impact Cuba in the late nineteenth century?
It led to increased support for independence from Spain
What was the significance of the sinking of the Lusitania in 1915?
It outraged Americans and led to calls for the United States to enter World War I
What was the purpose of the Platt Amendment, passed by Congress in 1901?
To ensure American control over Cuba
What do you think the artist meant when he portrayed America as an adult and Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as children?
America was socially, economically, and politically superior to the other three.
The CPI's tips for history teachers emphasize which of the following themes?
American democracy and German autocracy
Though McKinley felt that the white man was superior to the Filipinos, in what way did he see them as equal?
As sinners in need of a savior
How did American businessmen view their expansion into international markets?
As vital to survival
What was the difference between how American imperialist and anti-imperialists viewed non-Western peoples?
Both viewed non-Western peoples as inferior to Westerners, although they differed on the potential of these people to improve.
How did the Naval Act of 1890 support Alfred Thayer Mahan's ideas?
By ordering construction of more naval ships, it increased naval power.
What was the relationship between Christian missionaries and American commercial interests during the 1880s and 1890s?
Christian missionaries and American commercial interests mutually supported each other.
What American government concept did the Memorialists appeal to in order to argue against the annexation and forcible takeover of Hawaii?
Consent of the governed
What Anti-Imperialist argument of the time period does this cartoon support?
Consent of the governed
Who were most of the defendants brought to trial under the Espionage Act and Sedition Act during World War I?
Critics of the war
Which territory was Spanish-controlled?
Cuba
What does Kipling's language imply that he felt towards the people of colonized nations?
Derision
Why was Kipling's nationality significant as he encouraged America to participate in the process of imperialism?
England governed the largest empire in the world.
What message does the artist William Carson send with his depiction of the Filipino insurgent in his political cartoon, "A Bigger Job Than He Thought For?"
Filipinos were tough determined opponents, though still inferior.
What constitutional guarantee does George Creel claim had been abused more than any other?
Freedom of the press
What were the central points of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?
Freedom of the seas, abolition of secret treaties, free trade, reduction in military spending, and self-determination for colonies
The USS Maine sank off the coast of...
Havana
What economic argument did McKinley make regarding the acquisition of the Philippines?
He did not want Germany or France to control Philippine resources.
Why did Henry Cabot Lodge oppose the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles?
He opposed the idea of collective security
What critical thinking strategy does Beveridge use to convince his audience of the importance and appropriateness of imperialism?
He rebuts each of their argument using counter-evidence.
Why was Roosevelt concerned with the Japanese's ability to drive Russia from Manchuria?
He worried about rising Japanese military power.
Why would the Committee on Public Information advertise to history teachers?
History teachers were effective conduits between the government and children and could spread pro-war propaganda.
What popular ideologies of the late 1800s and early 1900s would have provided justification for the subjugation and annexation of the Hawaiian Islands?
Imperialism and white superiority
Which of the following accounted for the increased importance of American exports in the late nineteenth century?
Increased American industrialization
As an alternative to federally imposed censorship, Creel proposes which of the following should be responsible for evaluating the material that would be publicly available in the United States?
Individual newspaper editors
The woman and child in this cartoon (Halt the Hun!) are intended to represent which of the following?
Innocent European civilians
Why was the timing of Kipling's poem in 1899 significant within the historical context of the period?
It encouraged imperialism at a time when support was dwindling.
How did the Boxer Rebellion affect U.S. access to China in the early 1900s?
It forced European countries to grant the United States access to China.
How did women political activists threaten American masculinity in the late 1800s?
Men feared that woman suffrage would feminize politics.
What factor does Creel hope will shape the judgment of the people in charge of overseeing the content of printed matter in the United States?
Patriotism
What was Theodore Roosevelt's approach to international affairs as president?
Preserve order.
What was Theodore Roosevelt's goal regarding the "Open Door" policy toward China?
Protect gains made in China by President William McKinley
The message conveyed by this cartoon (Halt the Hun!) is most consistent with which of the following American wartime developments?
Public schools' ban on the teaching of German
What was the chief advantage that construction of the Panama Canal offered the United States?
Quick, easy travel between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans
What does this material suggest the CPI wanted American families to do in order to boost the morale of American soldiers in Europe?
Send them cheerful newsy letters
Why did Hawaiian leader Queen Liliuokalani voice the slogan, "Hawaii for the Hawaiians" in 1891?
She worried about the growing power of American sugar planters
What tactic does she endorse in order to turn the tide of the war and change the opinion of the American people?
Speeches and petitions to inform and persuade
How did Germany and Great Britain's war strategies impact the United States in the early years of World War I?
The British and Germans both worked hard to prevent supplies on American ships from reaching their enemy.
This magazine advertisement supports which of the following conclusions?
The CPI presented wartime service as beneficial for men while ignoring the physical and mental risks it posed.
What idea was the illustrator demonstrating in the cartoon "There's Plenty of Room at the Table"?
The Philippines would benefit economically if the United States annexed it.
What was the outcome of the Spanish-American War for American geopolitical interests?
The United States gained valuable possessions in the Caribbean and the Pacific Ocean.
The poem links World War I to previous wars fought by Americans. What, according to the poet, is the common thread running between all of these conflicts?
The defense of freedom
How did the Provisional Government of the Hawaiian Islands exist and maintain control according to the memorial?
The provisional government used the threat of armed force to stay in power.
What is the implicit message in the cartoon "Halt the Hun!"?
The purchase of war bonds will help American soldiers prevent German atrocities.
What does Kipling promise will come with American imperialism?
The respect of others
How did leaders of the Allied Powers view Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?
They rejected many of Wilson's points, wanting to punish the Central Powers.
Which of the following statements describes Cuban revolutionary soldiers?
They were different races and ethnicities
What does the image imply about the perspectives of Cuba and Puerto Rico towards American influence and imperialism?
They were happy with the positions at the table.
How did Afro-Cubans respond to the independence movement?
They were strong and active supporters of independence.
How did yellow journalism contribute to the Spanish-American War?
They whipped the public into a frenzy over the sinking of the Maine
Who does Beveridge credit as the first American imperialist?
Thomas Jefferson
What describes Taft's "Dollar Diplomacy" strategy?
U.S. banks would invest in Latin America, increasing American influence there.
What describes Theodore Roosevelt's "big stick" approach to foreign affairs?
Use military power to keep Latin American countries in check and prevent European interference there
How did Hawaiian leader Queen Liliuokalani's rule come to an end?
White plantation owners, backed by American marines, forcibly overthrew her.
What was the message of Rudyard Kipling's poem "White Man's Burden"?
White men should take on the burden of bringing Western civilization to non-Western people.
What was the impact of the Depression of 1893 on American masculinity?
Working-class men experienced a crisis in manhood as they lost their ability to support their families.
The poem "It's Duty Boy" suggests that young men who refuse to serve in World War I are disgracing their...
ancestors
According to the CPI, military service would change the men who fought in World War I by
improving them physically, mentally, and socially.
This poem promotes a concept of masculinity that requires...
patriotism and bravery
Dewey's fleet destroyed the Spanish fleet in...
the Manilla Bay