Week 1/Lecture 1 Prep: Anatomical Planes of the Human Body/Directional Terms

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Parasagittal

A parasagittal plane is any plane that divides the body into left and right portions, parallel to the sagittal plane, but not directly in the midline. Thus a parasagittal plane divides the body into unequal left and right portions, but remains parallel to the median or sagittal suture.

Cross sections

A section made at right angles to the longitudinal axis

Diagonal plane

Is a section made at an angle

Axial plane is AKA

Transverse Plane A horizontal plane; divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower parts.

Anterior or ventral

front (example, the kneecap is located on the anterior side of the leg).

Another way to say caudal

inferior

Opposite of medial

lateral

Another way to say dorsal

posterior

Another way to say cranial

superior

Proximal

toward or nearest the trunk or the point of origin of a part (example, the proximal end of the femur joins with the pelvic bone).

Superior or cranial

toward the head end of the body; upper (example, the hand is part of the superior extremity).

Oblique plane

Is a section made at an angle

Medial

toward the midline of the body (example, the middle toe is located at the medial side of the foot).

Another way to say ventral

anterior

Distal

away from or farthest from the trunk or the point or origin of a part (example, the hand is located at the distal end of the forearm).

Inferior or caudal

away from the head; lower (example, the foot is part of the inferior extremity).

Lateral

away from the midline of the body (example, the little toe is located at the lateral side of the foot).

Posterior or dorsal

back (example, the shoulder blades are located on the posterior side of the body).

Opposite of proximal

distal

Median plane is AKA

mid-sagittal plane- used to describe the saggital plane running through the midline. Bilateral symmetry.

Longitudinal section

A section made parallel to longitudinal axis

Sagittal plane

Any imaginary plane parallel to the median plane. A sagittal plane divides the body into sinister and dexter (left and right) portions.

Midsagittal plane

Divides body into equal right and left sides

Coronal plane

Divides body into front and back parts

Frontal plane

Divides body into front and back parts

Sagittal plane

Divides body into left and right areas

Parasagittal plane

Divides body into unequal right and left sides

Horizontal plane

Divides body into upper and lower parts

Transverse plane

Divides body into upper and lower parts

Coronal plane is AKA

Frontal plane A vertical plane running from side to side; divides the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior portions.

Sagittal plane is AKA

Lateral Plane A vertical plane running from front to back; divides the body or any of its parts into right and left sides.

Median plane is

Sagittal plane through the midline of the body; divides the body or any of its parts into right and left halves.

What are the three basic different anatomical planes?

The sagittal plane (lateral or Y-Z plane) divides the body into sinister and dexter (left and right) sides. The midsagittal (median) plane is in the midline through the center of the body, and all other sagittal planes are parallel to it. The coronal plane (frontal or Y-X plane) divides the body into dorsal and ventral (back and front) portions. It also separates the anterior and posterior portions. The transverse plane (axial or X-Z plane) divides the body into superior and inferior (head and tail) portions. It is typically a horizontal plane through the center of the body and is parallel to the ground.


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