Week 4: Chapter 9 - Organizing the Body of the Speech

Select the pattern best suited for a speech with this specific purpose: "To inform my audience about the three layers of human skin, starting with the top."

Spatial

Which of the following are always stated in a transition?

The idea the speaker has just finished discussing. The idea the speaker is about to start discussing.

A speech about the causes and effects of earthquakes would most likely be organized in ______ order.

causal

Which of the following is an example of an effective signpost?

"First, I will discuss what fracking is."

Which of the following is an example of an effective internal summary?

"In short, olives are native to the Mediterranean region but have since spread all around the world."

1.Chronological order 2.Spatial order 3.Causal order 4.Topical order

1. Since the first Independence Day, fireworks have become a staple of American culture. 2. The city has of a central business core that is surrounded by a dozens of ethnic neighborhoods. Choice 3 The gap between minimum wage and living wage leads to financial hardship for a significant portion of Americans. 4.The modern news media landscape is composed of print, online, and television news.

1Chronological order 2.Spatial order 3.Causal order 4.Problem-solution order 5.Topical order

1.Main points follow the sequence in which they 2.Main points follow a directional or structural pattern. 3.Main points demonstrate a cause-effect relationship. 4.Problem-solution order 5Main points are ordered by category.

How many main points should classroom speeches contain?

2 to 5

When you are giving a speech and say, "My second point is," which of the following are you using?

A signpost

Wade has created a list of main points for his speech about how to increase involvement in his college's student government. Which points follow the tip to keep main points separate?

Advertise about the student government in the college newspaper. Establish more incentives for students to participate. Put up flyers where students can see them, such as in the student union.

Ann gave 10% of her time to Point I, 15% of her time to Point II, and 75% of her time to Point III. What does this division indicate?

Ann's main points are not balanced. Point I and Point II may not need to be main points.

Why should a speaker strive to balance the amount of time devoted to main points?

Balance the time devoted to each main point.

Why should a speaker strive to balance the amount of time devoted to main points?

Because main points are important and speakers should be sure they all receive enough emphasis.

What type of organizational pattern would you be using if you presented a speech in which the first main point covers things that contribute to diabetes, and the second and final main point describes the effects of the disease?

Causal

Jacinta will be giving a speech about the Battle of Bunker Hill. She plans to present her points by starting with a discussion of the events leading up to the battle and end by talking about events that happened immediately after the battle. What method is Jacinta using to organize her speech?

Chronological order

Erika is writing a speech to persuade her audience that pollution resulting from discarded single-use bags can be reduced by individual and legislative action. Which of the following are potential solutions to the amount of pollution resulting from single-use bags?

Consumers should bring reusable bags to the store to carry groceries. City- or state-wide bans of single-use bags would discourage business owners from stocking them. State lawmakers should consider adding taxes to single-use bags.

What are the primary strategies for preparing main points in speeches?

Create independent points for clarity. Use parallel wording to improve comprehension. Balance the time dedicated to each point.

Kendra is giving a speech on the city of Denver. Her first main point is "Denver is full of fun things to do and see." Which of the following would be appropriate support for this main point?

Denver's 16th Street Mall is lined with restaurants and shops for browsing. Denver's Botanic Gardens hosts events and lectures.

Renee is writing a speech about threats to the global elephant population. How would you best combine her two related main points below? I. Elephants are endangered animals. II. Habitat loss and the ivory trade threaten the elephant population.

Habitat loss and the ivory trade have caused elephants to become endangered.

Which of the following statements is an example of an effective internal preview?

In discussing why buying local is a good choice, we'll look first at how it benefits the environment and second at its benefits for the economy.

Which of the following is true of parallel wording?

It makes your set of main points easier to remember. It helps your main points stand out from the rest of your speech. It makes your set of main points easier to understand.

Transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, and signposts

help connect one thought to another in a speech.

Alexa is writing a speech about four types of storms. What tip for writing main points did she forget to use in setting up the main points below? I. Hurricanes and tornadoes are storms with strong winds, but hurricanes occur along coastlines. II. Hailstorms are thunderstorms with strong updrafts. III. Ice storms are storms in which the air temperature is near freezing.

Keep main points separate.

Harry is outlining a speech about the need for an intern network at his college, and he has calculated the proportion of the speech taken by each main point. Which strategy would most benefit his outline? I. An intern network for college students increases success after graduation and it helps a college be competitive with other colleges with intern networks. 70% II. An intern network can be established through contacts with alumni. 30%

Keep main points separate.

Keisha is giving a speech on the planets in the solar system, starting with the planet closest to the sun and ending with the farthest. Which organizational pattern is she using?

Spatial order

Strategic organization helps speeches be more effective. Which of the following are positive effects of strategic organization?

The audience believes the speaker is more competent. The audience better understands the speech. The speaker has more confidence.

Why is important for a speech to be well organized?

The speaker's coherence affects the listener's perception of the speech. Unlike reading a text, the audience cannot reread parts to better understand the message.

In a speech about exercise, Louis developed three main points: I. Exercise benefits physical health. II. Exercise benefits mental health. III. Exercise benefits sleep patterns. Which of the following best describes the way Louis wrote the main points?

They use parallel wording.

Peter has divided his speech topic, physical fitness, into three subtopics: strength, endurance, and flexibility. Which method of speech organization is this an example of?

Topical order

Connectives help join one thought to another in a speech and include which of the following?

Transitions Internal summaries Signposts Internal previews

If your specific purpose is "to persuade my audience why they should eat only organic produce," each of your main points must include

a simple explanation of what makes certain produce organic.

A statement in the body of the speech that reminds listeners of the preceding point or points of the speech is called

an internal summary.

Topical order is when you organize your speech

by dividing the speech topic into subtopics, each of which is a main point.

John is giving a process speech about the steps in baking an apple pie. Because he wants to talk about the steps in the order in which they need to be completed, he should use

chronological order.

When a speech uses ______ order, it is divided into two main parts. The first of these parts discusses the existence of an issue, while the second proposes a way to fix the issue.

problem-solution

Because main points are the information that you most want your audience to learn, you need to

select them carefully

A speech about the four major factors to consider when choosing a cell phone would most likely be arranged in ______ order.

topical

A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has completed one thought and is moving to another is called a(n)

transition.

Supporting materials should be well-organized and directly relevant to the ______ that they are supporting.

main points

1.Keep main points separate. 2.Write main points with parallel wording. 3.Balance coverage of main points.

1.The city should fund youth sports programs and advertise sports camps in schools. (60%) II. The charges for local sports programs should be reduced. (40%)I. The city should fund youth sports programs and advertise sports camps in schools. (60%) II. The charges for local sports programs should be reduced. (40%)First, we need to recruit volunteers to collect signatures. (50%) II. Training volunteers to collect signatures is the second step. (50%)I. First, we need to recruit volunteers to collect signatures. (50%) II. Training volunteers to collect signatures is the second step. (50%)Sales have increased with the release of our new product. (20%) II. Hiring new employees has allowed us to meet greater demand. (80%)I. Sales have increased with the release of our new product. (20%) II. Hiring new employees has allowed us to meet greater demand. (80%)

Which three of the following are most important to consider when deciding the order of main points in your speech?

your audience your purpose your topic

The strategic organization of a speech is closely related to

critical thinking.

A connective statement in the middle of a speech that explains what you are about to discuss is called an internal

preview.