World History Semester Test (Pierce 2019)

Mussolini was legally appointed to head the government

"Either the government will be given to us or we shall seize it by marching on Rome." -Mussolini What was the result of the action Mussolini describes here? A. Mussolini's forces overthrew the king and seized power B. Mussolini was arrested and jailed C. Mussolini was legally appointed to head the government D. Italy became a socialist totalitarian state

Winston Churchill after the Dunkirk evacuation

"Hitler knows that he will have to break us... or lose the war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be freed." Based on the information given, the words above were most likely spoken by: A. FDR after the bombing of Pearl Harbor B. Dwight Eisenhower after D-Day C. Neville Chamberlain after signing the Munich Pact D. Winston Churchill after the Dunkirk evacuation

Social equality for peasants

"I am glad to have fought in the same cause with Zapata... and so many of my dear revolutionary friends who were left behind in the hills, their bones eaten by animals. I wasn't afraid. Just the opposite. I was glad. It's a beautiful thing to fight to realize and ideal." -Zeferina Diego Ferreira Based on the information in this quotation, for what "ideal" was Ferreira probably fighting? A. Industrial and economic development B. Cultural nationalism C. Social equality for peasants D. A stronger, more authoritarian government

To counter any false claims that the Holocaust never happened

"I have never felt able to describe my emotional reaction when I first came face to face with indisputable evidence of Nazi brutality..." "...at home the belief or assumption that the stories of Nazi brutality were just propaganda." -General Eisenhower According to Eisenhower, why did he make it a point to visit Buchenwald" A. To counter any false claims that the Holocaust never happened B. To honor the memory of the victims C. To gather evidence that could be used in a war crimes trial D. To liberate the camp

The foundation of the New Deal

"I shall ask the Congress for the one remaining instrument to meet the crisis-broad Executive power to wage a war against the emergency, as great as the power that would be given to me if we were in fact invaded by a foreign foe." -Franklin Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address The "broad Executive power" that Roosevelt describes in this passage led to: A. The est. of the Good Neighbor Policy B. The signing of the Kellogg-Briand pact C. The foundation of the New Deal D. The onset of the Great Depression

Nationalist and ethnic tensions in the Balkans

"I shall not live to see the Great War, but you will see it, and it will start in the east." When he made the above prediction, German chancellor Otto von Bismarck was most likely referring to: A. Nationalist and ethnic tensions in the Balkans B. The rivalry between France and Germany over Alsace and Lorraine C. The growing strength of the Japanese navy D. Colonial rivalries in China and Southeast Asia

In trench warfare

"I suppose I resembled a kind of fish with my mouth open gasping for air. It seemed as if my lungs were gradually shutting down and my heart pounded away in my ears like the beat of a drum... To get air into my lungs was real agony." -William Pressey, quoted in People at War 1914-1918 The weapon described in this passage was primarily used: A. In trench warfare B. In zeppelin attacks on civilian targets C. By airplanes in dogfights D. By terrorist groups such as the Black Hand

Garvey's African Nationalism

"If you woke up one morning and found that somebody had come to your house, and had declared that house belonged to him, you would naturally be surprised, and you would like to know buy what arrangement." -Jomo Kenyatta The attitude expressed in the above quotation most closely aligns with the goals of: A. Garvey's African Nationalism B. The Muslim Brotherhood C. The Zionist Movement D. Ataturk's Policy of Westernization

They expected that their service would be a step toward self-rule or independence

"India Gate, an important monument of the city, is a memorial built in commemoration of more than 80,000 Indian soldiers who were killed during World War I." -National Portal of India, Government of India Why did the soldiers mentioned in this statement choose to fight in World War I? A. They had been promised mandates in the Middle East as a reward for service B. They expected that their service would be a step toward self-rule or independence C. They were eager to prove loyalty to their English rulers D. They hoped to defeat the colonial powers who rules India

The Allies opened a second front in Europe

"Soldiers, Sailors and Airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force! You are about to embark upon the Great Crusade, toward which we have striven these many months. The eyes of the world are upon you. The hopes and prayers of liberty-loving people everywhere march with you." -Dwight Eisenhower, address to the troops, June 2, 1944 What was the result of the "Great Crusade" Eisenhower describes above? A. The Allies opened a second front in Europe B. The U.S. entered the war on the Allied side C. Atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki D. German troops in North Africa surrendered

Territorial Expansion

"The National Socialist movement must strive to eliminate the disproportion between our population and our area." -Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf The above passage is most closely connected with which of Hitler's goals? A. Anti-Semitism B. Suppression of Communism C. Creation of a totalitarian state D. Territorial Expansion

Allied promise to give Italy some Austrian lands

"There shall be no private international understandings of any kind but [instead] diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view." -Woodrow Wilson, The Fourteen Points In stating this goal, Wilson was seeking an end to agreements such as the: A. Allied promise to give Italy some Austrian lands B. Schlieffen Plan C. Reparations clause in the Treaty of Versailles D. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Trench Warfare

"There were vast stretches of mud, of fields once cultivated, but now scarred with pits...rusty barbed wires..." -Richard Harding Davis, war correspondent. This passage describes the impact of: A. The use of airplanes in WWI B. Total War C. Trench Warfare D. Poison Gas

He was a Marxist who became disillusioned with the repressive policies of the Soviet government

"What with the political monopoly, the Cheka and the Red Army, all that now existed of the 'Commune-State' of our dreams was a theoretical myth." -Victor Serge, Memoirs of a Revolutionary Based on this quotation, what conclusion can you draw about the author? A. He was a supporter of the Tsar who fought in the White Army and was forced to flee B. He was a member of Kerensky's provisional government who later switched sides C. He was a devoted Bolshevik who strongly supported Lenin's policies to create a communist state D. He was a Marxist who became disillusioned with the repressive policies of the Soviet government

The bombing of Nagasaki

*"We have ordered our government to communicate to the governments of the U.S., Great Britain, China and the Soviet Union that our empire accepts the provisions of their Joint Declaration." -Emperor Hirohito What event prompted this declaration? A. The bombing of Nagasaki B. The Bataan Death March C. The Battle of Midway D. The Potsdam Conference

He led his people against French control and later against the U.S.-backed South Vietnamese government

Ho Chi Minh was a significant figure in the history of Southeast Asia because A. Supported by the U.S, he led the non-communist South Vietnamese government B. He led local guerrillas against the Japanese who overran Indochina during WWI C. He led his people against French control and later against the U.S.-backed South Vietnamese government D. Supported by the French, he led the North Vietnamese in their fight against South Vietnam

He believed that the Communists should seek support among the large peasant masses

How did Mao Zedong differ from earlier Chinese Communists? A. He believed that individuals had the right to own private property B. He believed that the Communists should seek support among the large peasant masses C. He urged Communists to join forces with Japanese militarists D. He believed that the urban working class would lead a socialist revolution

They did not involved direct confrontation between enemy ships

How did the battles of Midway and the Coral Sea differ from earlier naval battles? A. They involved nuclear weapons B. They did not involved direct confrontation between enemy ships C. They took place primarily underwater D. They resulted in more casulaties

The samurai and daimyo restored the emperor to power and worked to reform Japan

How did the government and Japanese society react when Japan was forced to accept unequal treaties? A. The samurai and daimyo pressured the shogun to initiate reforms B. The samurai and daimyo rebelled and restored the shogun to power C. The shogun began many reforms, angering the samurai and daimyo D. The samurai and daimyo restored the emperor to power and worked to reform Japan

It established a military alliance

In what way was the Nazi-Soviet Pact similar to the treaty that created the Axis? A. It enabled the signers to engage freely in aggressive actions B. It was violated by Hitler C. It was an act of appeasement D. It established a military alliance

The Boxer Uprising

It was an anti-foreign movement in China around 1899-1900 Which historical event was this? A. The Meiji Restoration B. The Taiping Rebellion C. The Boer War D. The Boxer Uprising

Lazaro Cardenas gave twice as much land to peasants as the six presidents before him

Lazaro Cardenas distributed 66% of land in Mexico during 1934-1940. The five presidents before him distributed 33% of land in Mexico during 1920-1934. What conclusion is best supported by the information? A. Nearly two thirds of Mexican peasants received free land under Lazaro Cardenas B. Lazaro Cardenas gave twice as much land to peasants as the six presidents before him C. Mexico's agricultural output increased under Lazaro Cardenas D. Lazaro Cardenas nationalized Mexican agriculture and other industries

The Battle of Stalingrad

The map depicts Axis Powers moving into the Soviet Union area (Map is on #80 on paper) This map could be used to show the results of: A. The Battle of Stalingrad B. The Normandy Landings C. The Holocaust D. The Anschluss

Tanzania

The painting depicts the famous meeting between Stanley and Livingstone. The setting depicted in the painting is in: A. Tanzania B. Ethiopia C. Manchuria D. Egypt

Ram Mohun Roy

The portrait depicts _____, who is known as the founder of Indian nationalism A. A.C. Mazumdar B. Muhammad Ali C. Ram Mohun Roy D. Gandhi

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

The protest rally in this image was part of a larger movement whose most prominent leader was: A. Lech Walesa B. Margaret Thatcher C. JFK D. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

The Philippines

The treaty that ended the Spanish-American War gave the U.S. control of _____. A. Mexico B. Cube C. The Philippines D. The Panama Canal Zone

The Manhattan Project

This image depicts the results of: A. Operation Barbarossa B. The Manhattan Project C. Round-the-Clock allied bombing of Germany D. A Kamikaze Attack

Hyperinflation

This image illustrates the impact on Germany of: A. Hyperinflation B. Socialism C. Hitler's command economy D. The Great Depression

His five-year plans for industry

This propaganda poster illustrates what aspect of Stalin's totalitarian rule in the Soviet Union? (This is not the exact picture, but the real one is on #28 on the paper) A. The forced collectivization of agriculture B. The Cult of Personality C. His five-year plans for industry D. The Great Purge

The Roosevelt Corollary

To which policy does the text refer? Under this policy, the U.S. claimed "international police power" in the Western Hemisphere. A. The Roosevelt Corollary B. Dollar Diplomacy C. The "Colossus of the North" D. The Platt Amendment

Atlantic Charter

Two of the three Allied shown in this photograph had earlier cooperated by signing the: A. Lend-Lease Act B. Atlantic Charter C. Munich Pact D. Potsdam Declaration

Famine and attacks by bandits

Upheavals in China in 1916 were caused by the collapse of the economy, the power was seized by local warlord, and what else? A. Invasion of Korea B. May Fourth Movement C. Famine and attacks by bandits D. Three Principles of the People

Churchill did not believe the policy of appeasement would achieve its goals

What can be inferred from these words, spoken by Winston Churchill in 1938? "An do not suppose that this is the end. This is only the beginning of the reckoning. This is only the first sip, the first foretaste of a bitter cup which will be proffered to us year by year unless by a supreme recovery of moral health and martial vigor, we arise again and take our stand for freedom as in the olden time." A. Churchill favored strong military action against Soviet aggression B. Churchill wanted Britain to form an alliance with the U.S. C. Churchill wanted to avoid another war at all costs D. Churchill did not believe the policy of appeasement would achieve its goals

It spurred economic growth and led further regional cooperation such as the creation of the European Community

What conclusion can be drawn about the significance of the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community? A. It led to increased tariffs and trade barriers that plagued Europe into the 1980s and 1990s B. It was the last attempt by the nations of Western Europe to cooperate economically until the creation of the European Union C. It returned government-owned industries such as coal and steal to private ownership in Britain and later in other European nations D. It spurred economic growth and led further regional cooperation such as the creation of the European Community

Following WWII, Germany was divided into East and West sectors. An "Iron Curtain" divided Eastern and Western Europe

What conclusion can best be drawn from the information shown on this map? A. Following WWII, an "Iron Curtain" divided East and West Germany from the rest of Europe B. Following WWII, Germany was divided into East and West sectors. An "Iron Curtain" divided Eastern and Western Europe C. Following WWII, East and West Germany became part of the communist-controlled Soviet Union D. Following WWII, East and West Germany were the most important countries in Europe due to the "Iron Curtain" that divided Eastern and Western Europe

The policy of appeasement did not succeed in achieving its goals

What conclusion is best supported by this chart? A. Britain and Germany were not concerned about Nazi aggression B. The League of Nations could have ended Axis aggression if it had taken stronger action C. Axis aggression was unstoppable by 1937 D. The policy of appeasement did not succeed in achieving its goals

Preparation for a possible nuclear attack, called "duck and cover"

What does this image from the 1950s show? A. Preparation for a room-to-room search of contraband materials in U.S. schools B. Fear of an invasion of Cuban communists sneaking into Florida by boat C. Preparation for a possible nuclear attack, called "duck and cover" D. Fear of American communists in schools

The U.S. would become involved in a full-scale war in Vietnam

What events did JFK not foresee when he made this statement in 1963? "I don't think that unless a greater effort is made by the Government to win popular support that the war can be won out there .... We can help them, we can give them equipment, we can send our men out there as advisors, but they have to win it, the people of Vietnam, against the Communists." A. The U.S. would play no role in the Vietnam War B. The U.S. gov. would side with the communist guerrillas of North Vietnam C. The U.S. would become involved in a full-scale war in Vietnam D. The U.S. would never be able to aid the non-communist gov. of South Vietnam

They helped prolong the stalemate because they made it difficult for troops to advance

What impact did rapid-fire machine guns have on the course of the war? A. They gave Germany a strong technological advantage on the Eastern Front B. They helped prolong the stalemate because they made it difficult for troops to advance C. They supported Allied offensives by allowing troops to move into "np-man's land" D. They contributed to high casualty rates by allowing troops to attack targets miles away

Soviet aggression toward Europe was mounting

What is the best description of the context for this statement by Harry Truman? "I believe that it must be the policy of the U.S. to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." A. Soviet aggression toward Europe was mounting B. The U.S. was ready to execute the Marshall Plan C. Churchill and Stalin were behaving aggressively toward Eastern Europe D. Germany was divided into East Germany and West Germany

It opened up a second front in Europe, as Stalin had requested

What long term impact did the fighting shown on this map have on the war in Europe? (A better picture is on #65) A. It brought the Soviet Union into the war B. It set the stage for Mussolini's fall from power C. It opened up a second front in Europe, as Stalin had requested D. It led to the final defeat of Germany

Germany

What nation was the aggressor in the action described here? "Food was rationed to two pieces of bread a day. Desperate Leningraders ate almost anything. For example, they boiled wallpaper scraped off walls because its paste was said to contain potato flour." A. The Soviet Union B. Japan C. Italy D. Germany

The U.S. tried to collect on war debts owed by France and England

What was one reason that the Great Depression spread quickly from the U.S. to other nations? A. The U.S. tried to collect on war debts owed by France and England B. The U.S. had been forced to give up its investments in Latin America C. Lower tariffs had hurt American trade D. The Soviet Union had cut off all trade with the West

The U.S. supported the non communist gov. of South Vietnam

What was one result from the theory discussed in the accompanying quotation? "Finally you have broader considerations that might follow what you would call the "falling domino" principle. You have a row of dominoes set up, you knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. So you could have a beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound influences." -U.S. President Eisenhower A. China invaded North Korea B. North Vietnam installed communist govs. in Cambodia and Laos C. The U.S. supported the non communist gov. of South Vietnam D. The U.S. occupied Cambodia during the Vietnam War

Staling pledged to enter the war against Japan

What was one result of the Yalta Conference? A. Allied leaders agreed that defeating Germany was a higher priority than defeating Japan B. Staling pledged to enter the war against Japan C. Roosevelt and Churchill promised to open a second front in Europe D. Allied leaders sent an ultimatum to Japan threatening to drop the atomic bomb

Transition from a command economy to a market economy in Poland

What was the eventual result of the movement initiated by the person in this image? A. The end of censorship in the Soviet Union B. The destruction of all Western influences in Cambodia C. A lessening of restraints on emigration in the Soviet Union D. Transition from a command economy to a market economy in Poland

Woodrow Wilson threatened to cut diplomatic ties with Germany

What was the immediate result of the sinking of the British liner Lusitania by a Germany U-Boat? A. Britain instituted a naval blockade of German ports B. The U.S. entered the war on the Allied side C. Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare against the Allies D. Woodrow Wilson threatened to cut diplomatic ties with Germany

They are protesting against the House Un-American Activities Committee's efforts to identify supposed communist sympathizers in the movie industry

What was the most likely reason some 1940s Hollywood celebrities were marching in protest? A. They are protesting against U.S. policies that did not allow Hollywood movies to be shown in communist countries B. They are protesting against censorship rules that forbade the inclusion of Cold War themes in Hollywood movies C. They are protesting against Cold War policies that limited the power of the movie industry's actors' unions D. They are protesting against the House Un-American Activities Committee's efforts to identify supposed communist sympathizers in the movie industry

Radical reforms introduced by Mustafa Kemal

What was the reason for the rise of nationalism in Turkey? A. Negritude movement started by writers and artists B. Replacement of Islamic Law with secular law by Reza Khan C. Radical reforms introduced by Mustafa Kemal D. Division of Ottoman Empire into mandates

Germany was forced to assume complete responsibility for financial reparations

What was the treaty settlement for the economic reparation issue? A. The majority of the economic reparations were to be borne by Germany and the rest by Austria-Hungary B. Germany was forced to assume complete responsibility for financial reparations C. The financial reparations were to be divided equally among the Central Powers D. All nations involved in the war were to bear an equal burden of economic reparations

Industries turned out useless goods and communes removed incentives

What were the main reasons for the failure of Mao's Great Leap Forward? A. Too may Chinese belonged to the middle class, or bourgeoisie B. Counterrevolutionaries seized control of China's farmland C. Industries turned out useless goods and communes removed incentives D. The Cultural Revolution proved to be more effective way to move China forward

It seized all the grain to meet industrial goals

Which action of the Soviet government resulted in the event described in this quote? "The dreadful famine that engulfed Ukraine, the northern Caucasus, and the lower Volga River area in 1932-33 was the result of Joseph Stalin's policy of forced collectivization. The heaviest losses occurred in Ukraine, which had been the most productive agricultural area of the Soviet Union." -Library of Congress A. It sent most of the peasants to forced labor camps B. It embarked on a campaign to exterminate the poor C. It exported all the grain to fund the Comin tern D. It seized all the grain to meet industrial goals

Gold and diamonds were discovered in Boer lands

Which factor led to the Boer War? A. Gold and diamonds were discovered in Boer lands B. The Boers tried to retake the Cape Colony C. The Zulus tried to stop the slave trade in Boer lands D. Britain imposed racial segregation in South Africa

A)-G), B)-H), C)-E), D)-F)

Which grouping of letters matches the leaders of Muslim reform movements with their regions of operation? A)Usman dan Fodio B)Shaka C)Muhammad Ahmad D)Muhammad Ali E)Sudan F)Egypt G)West Africa H)Southern Africa A. A)-G), B)-H), C)-E), D)-F) B. A)-H), B)-G), C)-F), D)-E) C. A)-F), B)-E), C)-G), D)-H) D. A)-E), B)-F), C)- H), D)-G)

(1)France and Britain; (2)The Soviet Union; (3)The U.S.

Which listing represents the order in which these Allied nations joined the war against the Axis powers? A. (1)France; (2)Britain and The Soviet Union; (3)The U.S. B. (1)The Soviet Union; (2)Britain and France; (3)The U.S. C. (1)Britain; (2)France; (3)The U.S.; (4)The Soviet Union D. (1)France and Britain; (2)The Soviet Union; (3)The U.S.

He ended private ownership of land and distributed land to peasants

Which measure did Lenin adopt in trying to achieve the promise made in the following quote? "We shall now occupy ourselves in Russia in building up a proletarian socialist state." -Lenin A. He supported private ownership of major industries and state ownership of others B. He ended private ownership of land and distributed land to peasants C. He withdrew Russia from WWI D. He introduced a democratic, multiparty system of government

The Battle of the Coral Sea

Which military action is described in the following text? "The battle lasted for five days in May 1942..." "...More importantly, the Americans sank one Japanese aircraft carrier and several cruisers and destroyers." A. The Battle of the Coral Sea B. The Battle of Iwo Jima C. The Battle of Stalingrad D. The Bombing of Pearl Harbor

Caudillos

Which military strongmen played an important role in the era described in the text? "Written constitutions were not, however, sufficient to enforce order in the new countries of the region. Particularly in the -50 period, Latin America experience a high degree of political instability." A. Maoris B. Mestizos C. Caudillos D. Metis

They built six special camps in occupied Poland

Which of the following actions did the Nazis take specifically to implement Hitler's "Final Solution?" A. They built six special camps in occupied Poland B. They used the blitzkrieg to overwhelm the countries they invaded C. They passed the Nuremberg Laws to strip German Jews of citizenship D. They broke the pact with Stalin and invaded the Soviet Union

Ethnic rivalries caused unrest within independent nations

Which of the following contributed to the rise of authoritarian rule in Eastern Europe? A. Ethnic rivalries caused unrest within independent nations B. The League of Nations favored strong, stable govs. C. Hitler supported neighboring dictators to help him expand German territory D. Independent nations rebelled against existing monarchies

The Italian economy under Mussolini

Which of the following is the best example of a command economy? A. The influence of the zaibatsu in Japan B. Stalin's five-year plans in the Soviet Union C. The New Deal in the U.S. D. The Italian economy under Mussolini

The Moroccan Crisis of 1904

Which of the following is the best example of how imperialism increased tensions in Europe in the years before WWI? A. The Balkan Wars B. The Armenian Genocide C. The Moroccan Crisis of 1904 D. The rivalry over Alsace and Lorraine

It worked to reduce banditry and preserve peace

Which of the following statements best describes the East India Company in the 1800s? A. It worked to reduce banditry and preserve peace B. It ignored slavery and the caste system C. It adopted the legal procedures and order of the local government D. It did not see any promise of economic gain in India

The Meiji reformers adapted the German model of government

Which of the following statements best describes the Meiji Restoration? A. The Meiji reformers refused to adapt Western ways B. The Meiji reformers adapted the German model of government C. The Meiji Restoration worked to restore a rigid feudal order D. The Meiji constitution did not give the emperor absolute power

D)-G)

Which of the pairing of letters accurately matches the leader and the action taken by the leader? A)Benito Mussolini B)Tojo Hideki C)Adolf Hitler D)Francisco Franco E)Invaded Poland F)Attacked Pearl Harbor G)Led a revolt in Spain H)Invaded Ethiopia A. B)-H) B. D)-G) C. A)-E) D. C)-F)

Kristallnacht took place

Which sentence fits into the blank space on this chart? -1919...Weimar Republic was created -1923...Germany fell behind in reparations payments -1933...Hitler was appointed Chancellor -1938...? A. Hitler wrote Mein Kampf B. Kristallnacht took place C. Nuremberg Laws were passed D. The Great Depression hit the world

a)-c)-d)-b)

Which set of letters shows the correct chronological sequence of the events in the chart? A)The Truman Doctrine was introduced B)The nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty was signed C)The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was formed D)The Warsaw Pact was formed A. d)-b)-a)-c) B. a)-c)-d)-b) C. c)-d)-b)-a) D. b)-a)-c)-d)

The alliance between France and Russia

Which situation shown on this map shaped Germany's military strategy in WWI? A. The alliance between Britain and France B. The absence of a German port on the Mediterranean Sea C. The neutrality of Switzerland and the Netherlands D. The alliance between France and Russia

He set goals for a modern democratic nation that were never fully achieved

Which statement best describes Sun Yixian's role in the development of modern China? A. He broke the grip of the warlords and united China under a single gov. B. He championed Chinese nationalism by supporting the traditional monarchy C. He set goals for a modern democratic nation that were never fully achieved D. He est. the political and economic policies that still govern China today

Japan looked to China for natural resources it lacked

Which statement is best supported by the information given on this map? A. The Japanese invasion of China was swift and crushing B. By 1918, militarists had gained power in Japan C. Japan looked to China for natural resources it lacked D. Japan invaded Korea as a gateway to China

Machine Guns

Which type of military technology played the largest role in creating a long stalemate on the Western front? A. U-Boats B. Machine Guns C. Zeppelins D. Tanks

He believed that Jews were to blame for Germany's defeat in WWI

Which was a cornerstone of Hitler's anti-Semitic beliefs? A. He resented Jewish opposition of the Weimar gov. B. He feared that Jews would soon outnumber Aryans in Germany C. He was a strong supporter of German Christian churches D. He believed that Jews were to blame for Germany's defeat in WWI

Germany

Who benefited most from the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk? A. Italy B. The provisional gov. in Russia C. The U.S. D. Germany

General Douglas MacArthur

Who implemented the WWII military strategy described in this text? "However, rather than take every single island in the area, [he] decided on what became known as 'island-hopping'..." A. General Douglas MacArthur B. President Franklin Roosevelt C. President Harry Truman D. General Dwight Eisenhower

The Viet Minh wanted independence

Why did the Vietnamese fight the French in Indochina? A. Ngo Dinh Diem had American support B. The Viet Minh wanted to be ruled by the Soviet Union C. The Viet Minh wanted independence D. Ho Chi Minh's forces backed up China

It held political and military leaders accountable for their wartime actions

Why was the event shown in this photograph significant? A. It resulted in the executions of every major Nazi leader B. It marked the start of a new organization dedicated to world peace C. It held political and military leaders accountable for their wartime actions D. It officially brought the war in Europe to an end

The U.S. entered the war late and had little time to mobilize

Why were posters like this one necessary to the U.S. war effort? A. The U.S. needed more financial support from civilians B. The U.S. entered the war late and had little time to mobilize C. The U.S. had suffered massive causalities early in the war D. The U.S. never instituted a military draft during the war

North Vietnam

With which country did the U.S. negotiate the agreement referred to in the text? His successor, President Nixon, eventually arranged a cease-fire agreement in 1973. A. Cambodia B. North Korea C. Thailand D. North Vietnam

Limit communism to areas already under Soviet control

Containment was the strategy America used to _____. A. Impose economic sanctions on communists countries until they adopted democracy B. Limit communism to areas already under Soviet control C. Ensure that communism did not gain a foothold in the U.S. D. Offer financial incentives to communist countries to adopt democracy

Deprive German Jews of citizenship and other basic rights

The goal of the Nuremberg Laws was to: A. Turn Germany into a single-party totalitarian dictatorship B. Force Jews and other "undesirables" to leave Germany C. Combat the effects of the Great Depression in Germany D. Deprive German Jews of citizenship and other basic rights

The location of the Ottoman Empire helped it to disrupt Allied supply lines

Based on the information in this map, what was one impact of the Ottoman Empire joining the Central Powers? A. The Allies had easier access to the Mediterranean Sea B. The Central Powers were almost completely encircled by enemy forces C. The Ottoman Empire was experiencing too many Arab revolts to help the Central Powers D. The location of the Ottoman Empire helped it to disrupt Allied supply lines

A British colony with a growing independence movement

By the 1930s, South Africa was: A. A French colony that became a center of the negritude movement B. An independent nation with a strict policy of racial separation C. A Dutch colony that instituted a policy of apartheid D. A British colony with a growing independence movement

It allowed him to invade Poland without Soviet interference

From Hitler's point of view, what was the chief impact of the Nazi-Soviet Pact? A. It gave him full possession of the Sudetenland B. It allowed him to invade Poland without Soviet interference C. It allowed him to send troops into the Soviet Union D. It formed a military alliance between Germany and the Soviet Union

Austria sent Serbia an ultimatum to end all anti-Austrian agitation

A consequence of Germany promising Austria a "blank check" was that: A. Austria declared war on Russia B. Austria sent Serbia an ultimatum to end all anti-Austrian agitation C. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance D. The Black Hand planned the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Beijing

A photograph shows men marching down a road, and the photograph launched the event of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937-38. In what city was the photograph taken in? A. Shanghai B. Manchuria C. Tokyo D. Beijing

Gain self-rule or independence

Many soldiers like the ones shown here chose to fight in WWI because they hoped to A. Overthrow their colonial rulers B. Learn about modern military technology C. Gain self-rule or independence D. Win new territory from the Ottoman Empire

Monroe Doctrine

The 1823 _____ declared: "The American continents are hence forth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers." A. La Reforma Movement B. Roosevelt Corollary C. Monroe Doctrine D. Platt Amendment

Attempted genocide by the Ottoman Turks

The Armenian refugees shown in this picture were fleeing from: A. Conscription by Austria-Hungary B. Arab revolts in the Ottoman Empire C. The Bolshevik revolution in Russia D. Attempted genocide by the Ottoman Turks

The discovery of gold and diamonds in Boer lands

The Boer War, which lasted from 1899 to 1902, was caused by _____ A. Boer desire for Zulu lands B. A Muslin reform movement in Southern Africa C. The discovery of gold and diamonds in Boer lands D. Britain's acquisition of the Cape Colony

Food shortages in Germany

The British naval blockade of the North Sea contributed to: A. Food shortages in Germany B. The outbreak of the Russian Revolution C. Declining morale among Allied troops on the Western Front D. Germany's decision to abandon the Schlieffen Plan

Opium War

The events described in the text were the consequences of the _____. "The Treaty of Nanjing (Nanking), signed Aug. 29, 1842, and the British Supplementary Treaty of the Bogue (Humen), signed Oct. 8, 1843, provided for the payment of a large indemnity by China, cession of five ports for British trade and residence, and the right of British citizens to be tried by British courts." A. Opium War B. Open Door Policy C. Taiping Rebellion D. Boxer Rebellion

Increase farm and industrial output in China

The Great Leap Forward was a program designed to _____ A. Protect North Korea from South Korea B. Spread Chinese communism throughout Asia C. Purge China of bourgeois tendencies D. Increase farm and industrial output in China

Solidarity

The accompanying text provides some history of _____ "During a growing wave of new strikes in 1980 protesting rising food prices, Gdansk became a hotbed of resistance to government decrees... On August 31, accords reached between the government and the Gdansk strikers sanctioned free and independent unions with the right to strike, together with greater freedom of religious and political expression." A. The Warsaw Pact B. The European Community C. The fall of the Soviet Union D. Solidarity

Declared that segregated schools were unconstitutional

The accompanying text refers to a landmark ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court which _____. The plaintiffs in Brown asserted that this system of racial separation, while masquerading as providing separate but equal treatment of both white and black Americans, instead perpetuated inferior accommodations, services, and treatment for black Americans. A. Declared that segregated schools were unconstitutional B. Declared that segregation in housing was unconstitutional C. Declared that busing students to achieve racial balance was unconstitutional D. Declared that discrimination against black teachers was unconstitutional

Prevent future wars

The chief goal of the League of Nations was to: A. Create a united European state B. End imperialism C. Enforce the Treaty of Versailles D. Prevent future wars

Dropping of the atomic bomb

The destruction shown in this photograph was the result of the: A. D-Day invasion B. Nazi blitzkrieg C. Dropping of the atomic bomb D. Battle of Stalingrad

Ottoman

The genocide of the Armenians in the 1890s took place during the rule of the _____ Empire. A. Ottoman B. Asante C. Safavid D. Mughal