11 english

After Tim made a comment under his breath, the teacher made him sit in the front row and said that next time he would be sent to the principal's office. Which sentence correctly adds an appositive to help the reader better understand the teacher's reaction?

After Tim, the newest addition to our class, made a comment under his breath, the teacher made him sit in the front row and said that next time he would be sent to the principal's office.

Which option is a key point in Lyndon Johnson's speech "We Shall Overcome"?

All Americans deserve the privileges of citizenship, regardless of race.

And so, when her wedding dress finally arrived, Chloe decided she would resell it online, hoping she could recoup her money. The writer wants to revise the sentence to clarify why she decided to sell her wedding dress. Which revision most accurately achieves this effect and is written correctly?

And so, when her wedding dress finally arrived—nearly a week after the wedding—Chloe decided she would resell it online, hoping she could recoup her money.

Read the paragraph from "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" Fellow-citizens, pardon me, allow me to ask, why am I called upon to speak here to-day? What have I, or those I represent, to do with your national independence? Are the great principles of political freedom and of natural justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us? and am I, therefore, called upon to bring our humble offering to the national altar, and to confess the benefits and express devout gratitude for the blessings resulting from your independence to us? What is the effect of Douglass's use of rhetoric in this paragraph?

Because he knows the audience cannot provide reasonable responses to his questions, he clarifies how illogical and hypocritical it is to ask a black man, to whom equal rights and freedom are not extended, to celebrate independence with them.

A central idea of "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" is that it is ironic and illogical to choose Douglass, a black man living in an age when slavery is accepted, to deliver an address celebrating freedom on the Fourth of July. Which excerpt from the text most effectively develops this idea? What to the Slave is the Fourth of July, Part 2

But, such is not the state of the case. I say it with a sad sense of the disparity between us. I am not included within the pale of this glorious anniversary! Your high independence only reveals the immeasurable distance between us. The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are not enjoyed in common. — The rich inheritance of justice, liberty, prosperity and independence, bequeathed, by your fathers, is shared by you, not by me.

Read the excerpt from Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech. But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. King appeals to his audience's sense of pathos in this excerpt. Which option most effectively describes the intended effect of this rhetorical appeal?

Dr. King wants to invoke a sense of unity and inspire his audience to act. Dr. King wants the audience to feel hopeful that justice will be coming soon.

Read the sentences. Nowadays, many people are eating at fast food restaurants more than once per week. Research has shown a positive correlation between the amount of fast food eaten and the level of obesity. More fast food consumption inevitably leads to a higher risk of obesity and obesity-related health problems. The argument is that consuming unhealthy foods causes obesity. Which premise most effectively creates a basis for this argument?

Eating fast food is unhealthy.

Which option most effectively describes a key point expressed in "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?"

In supporting slavery, America falsely represents itself as a nation that stands for freedom and equality.

When the suffix -ful is added to the word plenty, what is the meaning of the resulting word plentiful?

It becomes an adjective that means "present in large amounts."

Which option does NOT describe an independent clause?

It begins with a subordinate conjunction.

Read the excerpt from Lyndon Johnson's speech "We Shall Overcome." ... to deny a man his hopes because of his color, or race, or his religion, or the place of his birth is not only to do injustice, it is to deny America and to dishonor the dead who gave their lives for American freedom. How does the excerpt help to clarify Johnson's perspective on racial inequality?

It reinforces his stance that racial inequality is more than an injustice; it opposes everything Americans have fought for.

Read the excerpt from Lyndon Johnson's speech "We Shall Overcome." So it was last week in Selma, Alabama. There, long-suffering men and women peacefully protested the denial of their rights as Americans. Many were brutally assaulted. One good man, a man of God, was killed. What is the intended effect of these words?

Johnson wants to arouse pity in the audience by describing negative outcomes of the protest. Johnson appeals to the nation's sense of outrage that peaceful, lawful protest is being met with violence instead of compromise.

Milk, lemonade, and water these were the only drink choices we were given at the school's awards dinner. Which is the best way to write the sentence to show appropriate pauses or breaks?

Milk, lemonade, and water—these were the only drink choices we were given at the school's awards dinner.

Which sentence contains an incorrectly punctuated appositive?

My first dog Rover was a border collie.

Read the excerpt from President Barack Obama's speech made in response to the downgrading of the US government's debt rating. I know we're going through a tough time right now. We've been going through a tough time for the last two and a half years. And I know a lot of people are worried about the future. But here's what I also know: There will always be economic factors that we can't control -- earthquakes, spikes in oil prices, slowdowns in other parts of the world. Which option most effectively explains Obama's use of logical fallacy in this excerpt?

Obama acknowledges many hardships the nation suffers but he blames them on factors out of his control.

Which options correctly state a rule about using appositives?

Omit commas around the appositive if it provides information that is necessary to understand the sentence. Place commas around the appositive if the sentence would be clear without the information it provides.

Our new car the red one with tinted windows is one of the top safety rated cars in the world. Which is the best way to write the sentence to show appropriate pauses or breaks?

Our new car—the red one with tinted windows—is one of the top safety rated cars in the world

Read the sentence. Prior to the students beginning their essays, Ms. Sanchez told them to read the prompt carefully, planning their writing thoroughly, to write accurately, and using descriptive and vivid language. Which revision contains parallel structure?

Prior to the students beginning their essays, Ms. Sanchez told them to read the prompt carefully, to plan their writing thoroughly, to write accurately, and to use descriptive and vivid language.

Read the paragraph from "Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier." Principal Reynolds was concerned that, although the pregnancy story used false names "to keep the identity of these girls a secret," the pregnant students still might be identifiable from the text. He also believed that the article's references to sexual activity and birth control were inappropriate for some of the younger students at the school. In addition, Reynolds was concerned that a student identified by name in the divorce story had complained that her father "wasn't spending enough time with my mom, my sister and I" prior to the divorce, "was always out of town on business or out late playing cards with the guys," and "always argued about everything" with her mother. Reynolds believed that the student's parents should have been given an opportunity to respond to these remarks or to consent to their publication. Which option most effectively states the central idea of the paragraph? Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier

Since this was a school publication, the parties involved should have the chance to protect their identities and their reputations.

That vase over there on the shelf is the most beautiful color of blue almost translucent. Which is the best way to write the sentence to show appropriate pauses or breaks?

That vase over there on the shelf is the most beautiful color of blue—almost translucent.

Reread paragraphs 28-29 of "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" Part 2. Which option best identifies Douglass's perspective about the American church? What to the Slave is the Fourth of July, Part 2

The American church makes a mockery of Christianity by both outwardly supporting slavery and taking no action to abolish it.

In "We Shall Overcome," President Johnson speaks of his first job as a teacher in a small Mexican-American border town where [his] "students were poor and ... often came to class without breakfast, hungry. And they knew, even in their youth, the pain of prejudice." Why did Johnson most likely include the anecdote in this speech?

The anecdote establishes his credibility and relatability because of his direct experience with those affected by inequality.

Which sentence is written using passive voice?

The building plan was executed poorly by the construction crew, which caused a costly mess, and because of this, the building had to be torn down using a bulldozer.

n which sentences is active voice used correctly?

The city officials, including the mayor and city council members, will assess the damages and provide aid to the tornado disaster victims. The tornado destroyed everything in its path, but the people had enough early warning to get to their underground storm shelters, so there were no casualties.

I want to be the President who helped feed the hungry and to prepare them to be taxpayers instead of tax-eaters. I want to be the President who helped the poor to find their own way and who protected the right of every citizen to vote in every election. I want to be the President who helped to end hatred among his fellow man, and who promoted love among all people of all races and all regions and all parties. What is the effect of repetition on the meaning of the text?

The repetition emphasizes Johnson's belief in justice and guarantees to the American people that he will do everything in his power to ensure equal rights for all. The repetition emphasizes Johnson's frustration with poverty and inequality, and assures the American people that he will personally assist those experiencing injustice.

There is no Negro problem. There is no northern problem. There is no southern problem. There is only an American problem. How does Johnson's use of rhetoric affect his argument?

The repetition of the phrase "there is no" creates a sharp contrast with the words "there is only" to emphasize that the issue of equality is the entire nation's concern.

Which option is a key point of the speech "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?"

Under the institution of slavery, black people are treated as animals.

Which excerpt contains assonance?

Whales in the wake like capes and Alps Quaked the sick sea and snouted deep ... —Dylan Thomas

In which sentences is parallel structure used correctly?

While making a birthday cake for her mom, Mila used several large brown eggs, added a few scoops of brown sugar, and drizzled a bit of lemon zest in the batter. Because Sonya loves animals and nature, she would rather work on her grandfather's farm during the summer than relax on the beach.

What is an appositive?

a word or phrase that follows another noun and renames or identifies it

__________ voice indicates that the grammatical subject of the verb is performing the action of the verb.

active

After you finish your homework, please take out the trash. What type of clause appears in boldfaced type?

adverbial clause

"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character." — Martin Luther King, Jr., "I Have a Dream" speech August 26, 1963 The phrase "not judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character" exemplifies the use of __________ to capture the reader's or listener's attention. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?

alliteration

Review the excerpt from Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense. But the provision is unequal to the task; the means either cannot or will not accomplish the end ... for as the greater weight will always carry up the less, and as all the wheels of a machine are put in motion by one, it only remains to know which power in the constitution has the most weight, for that will govern. Which option identifies the rhetorical device used in the excerpt?

analogy

The popular movie Titanic received Oscars for best picture and for its director, James Cameron. Which part of the sentence includes a restrictive appositive?

movie Titanic

A funny and outgoing girl, Victoria quickly became popular at her new school, Townsend High. Which option most accurately identifies the boldfaced parts of the sentence?

nonrestrictive appositive at the start; nonrestrictive appositive at the end

Right after lunch is when everything started going wrong with the day. What type of clause appears in boldfaced type?

noun clause

Read the sentence. Removing the prefix in- from the word indignity changes the meaning to __________. Which answer correctly completes the sentences?

quality of being honored or respected

As soon as my brother completes his internship, he will be leaving for college, where he will study engineering. What type of clause appears in boldfaced type

relative clause

Which statement most accurately defines parallel structure? Parallel structure means that words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence are __________.

set up similarly and follow the same path and pattern

Review the excerpt from Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense. But as the same constitution which gives the commons a power to check the king by withholding the supplies, gives afterwards the king a power to check the commons, by empowering him to reject their other bills; it again supposes that the king is wiser than those whom it has already supposed to be wiser than him. A mere absurdity! Which option identifies the logical fallacy in the excerpt?

straw man

Read the sentence. The main purpose of "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" is __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?

to persuade the Northern audience to insist on the abolition of slavery across the nation, not just stop it from spreading

Read the sentence. Karina's mom informed her that she needed to finish all her math homework, beginning straightening up her messy room, and to put away her clean clothes. Which revision contains the parallel structure needed in the boldfaced part of the sentence (beginning straightening up her messy room)?

to straighten up her messy room

Read the paragraph from "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" For the present, it is enough to affirm the equal manhood of the Negro race. Is it not astonishing that, while we are ploughing, planting and reaping, using all kinds of mechanical tools, erecting houses, constructing bridges, building ships, working in metals of brass, iron, copper, silver and gold; that, while we are reading, writing and cyphering, acting as clerks, merchants and secretaries, having among us lawyers, doctors, ministers, poets, authors, editors, orators and teachers; that, while we are engaged in all manner of enterprises common to other men, digging gold in California, capturing the whale in the Pacific, feeding sheep and cattle on the hill-side, living, moving, acting, thinking, planning, living in families as husbands, wives and children, and, above all, confessing and worshipping the Christian's God, and looking hopefully for life and immortality beyond the grave, we are called upon to prove that we are men. To support his argument that blacks should not have to prove they are equal to whites in order to abolish slavery, Douglass __________. Which option most effectively completes the sentence?

uses parallel structure in a single, lengthy sentence to clearly demonstrate that blacks and whites are equal in actions, in deeds, and in beliefs