11

in hyperparathroidism, excessive production of PTH results in degeneration of the

bones

the hypothalamus, pineal gland, and pituitary gland are located in the

brain

thyroid secretes _______ hormone, which increses the absorption of calcium into bones

calcitonin

congenital hypothyroidism, characterized by delayed or abnormal physical and mental Development

cretinism

Disease characterised by high blood glucose and glucose in urine

diabetes mellitus

a localized or General condition of excessive fluid retention and swelling in the body tissues is known as _____

edema

test done to determine the body's response to insulin

glucose tolerance test

a condition characterized by excessive growth of hair or presence of hair in unusual places is called

hirsotism

excessive secretion of ADH results in increased blood volume, also known as

hypervolemia

insulinoma is a generally benign tumor but can cause ________

hypoglycemia

the ______ is the control center of the autonomic nervous system and produces hormones that affect the behaviors of other endocrine glands

hypothalamus

where are the thyroid and parathyroid glands located?

in the throat

Addison's disease is caused by

insufficient secretion of cortisol/aldosterone

hormone that helps lower blood sugar levels in the body

insulin

In diabetic ________, ketone bodies are produced as a result of high blood sugar levels

ketoacidosis

adrenal glands located on top of

kidneys

what is the major job of the endocrine system?

maintaining equilibrium among organs and systems in the body

the hormone ______ is critical to the 24hr sleep wake cycle, aka _______ rhythm

melatonin, circadian

what is the term for the processes by which the body absorbs and uses nutrients?

metabolism

the adrenal glands produce _____, a group of hormones involved in maintaining electrolytes levels and regulating blood pressure

mineralocorticoids

does the thyroid gland begin to shrink during puberty?

no

is the hypothalamus the master gland which produces hormones that affect the behaviors of other endocrine glands?

no, pituitary gland

Do glucocorticords help maintain electrolyte balance and regulate blood pressure?

no; mineralocortocoids

a _____ HCG test measures the amount of human corionic gonadrtropin present in the blood

quantitative

Pancreas is located behind and inferior to the

stomach

thymus gland is located in the ____, between the lungs

sturnum

inadequate calcium levels May produce nervous excitability and muscle spasms known as

tetany

the _________ test is considered the most accurate measure of thyroid activity

thyroid stimulating hormone

surgical removal of the thyroid gland

thyroidectomy

why are oral hypoglycemic agents taken?

to lower blood glucose

thyroid gland wraps around front and sides of

trachea/windpipe

hormones that help control the release of other hormones in the body are called

tropins

describe the difference between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes

type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin production being low due to abnormalties in the islets of langerhans, while type 2 diabetes results when normal insulin is produced but body cannot use it efficiently OR it cannot produce enough to keep up with weight gain

Oxytocin is a hormone that stimulates ___ during childbirth and milk production

uterine contactions

do some hormones regulate the release of other hormones?

yes

a person is considered obese if he or she is more than ____ percent over average weight for age gender build and height

20%

diabetes insipidus is a rare type of disabilities caused by inadequate secretion of ___ by the pituitary gland

ADH

prolonged use of steroids can result in _____, characterized by weakness, thin skin, hypertension, and weight gain

Cushing's syndrome

which disease is characterized by exophthalmos?

Graves disease

an excess of acid in the body, body fluids, and tissues is known as

acidosis

a malignant tumor of a gland or mucus secreting organ is called an

adenocarcinoma

the sex glands are produced mainly in the ovaries and testes, the _____ also produces small amounts

adrenal cortex

two layers of adrenal gland, outer is _____, inner is _______

adrenal cortex, adrenal medulla/cortex

during stress, epinephrine and norepinephrine is secreted by the

adrenal gland

cortisol and cortisone, which regulates blood glucose level, are produced by the

adrenal glands

______ secrete insulin in the islets of Langerhans, ________ secretes glucagon

beta cells, alpha cells