2320 Final

T/F: A researcher may conduct a correlational study with the ultimate goal of predicting one behavior from another behavior

True

T/F: All experiments contain at least one independent variable

True

T/F: An independent variable is a variable in an experiment thats manipulated by the researcher such that the levels of the variable change across or within subjects in the experiment

True

Casual relationships cannot be determined from correlational studies because of the ------------ problem A. Third-variable B.Independent variable C. Dependent variable D. Biased Variable

A

Hypothesized relationships are typically tested using correlational analyses such as: A. Pearson R B. Pearson B C. Pearson f D. Pearson t

A

Many experiments conducted by researchers are factorial designs, meaning they contain more than ------ independent variable A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four

A

No groups of subjects are compared in a correlational study as they are in ---------- experiments A. Quasi B. Analytical C. Descriptive D. Predictive

A

Strong ------------ correlations between age and incidence of alzheimers disease have been found such that by the time on reaches an age of 85, they have a 50% chance of getting alzheimers disease A. Positive B. Negative C. Casual D. Predictive

A

The variable mainipulated in an experiment is called the : A. Independent Variable B. Dependent variable C. Confounding variable D. Subject variable

A

A researcher would like to study the effects of smoking on respiratory functioning. You have two groups: participants who smoke one pack a day and participants who smoke two. What type of study is this A. correlational B. Quasi C. Independent D. True experimental

B

At minimum, how many independent variables must be included in a study in order for it to be classified as an experiment? A. None B. One C. Two D. Three

B

In a correlational study the variable that is used to predict the outcome variable is called the ----------- variable A. Dependent B. Predictor C. Confounding D. Third

B

Suppose that a researcher found that as introversion (as measured on a standardized questionnaire) of participant goes up, number of social activities attended per week decreases. This finding represents A. A positive relationship. B. A negative relationship C. No relationship D. A flawed study

B

The ------- is the group f individuals a researcher wants to learn about in a study, whereas the ------- is the group of individuals tested in a study. A. Sample, population B. population, sample C. Population, sampling error D. sampling error, population

B

Which element of the Belmont Report on ethics for human subjects requires fair selection of research participants? A. Respects for persons. B Justice C. Beneficence D. Confidentiality

B

A study comparing the brain activity and behavioral responses to appetizing food for children and adults is most likely this type of study: A. Cognitive B. Developmental C. Biological D. Social

C

Participants receive al levels of a(n) --------- variable, but only one level of a(n)------- variable. A. Independent, Dependent B. Dependent, Independent C. Within Subjects, Between Subjects D. Between subjects-within subjects

C

The canon of the scientific method that states that we gain knowledge of the world throuhg systematic observation is A. Determinism B. Parismony C. Empiricism D. Testability

C

To determine the overall means for a level of an independent variable, the researcher ------- the means for the cells in the columns and the rows A. Multiple B. Divides C. Averages D. Subtracts

C

An extraneous factor present in a study that may affect the results is called a A. Control Variable B. Independent Variable C. Dependent variable D. Confounding variable

D

The Zimbardo (1973) experiment, where a randomly assigned role as a prisoner or guard in a mock prison affected participants behavior, is most likely this type of study: A. Cognitive B. Development C. Biological D.Social

D

T/F: A correlational study showed that men who had one or more servings of tomatoes a week were 60% less likely to get prostate cancer. This means that tomatoes cause the reduction in cancer rates

False

T/F: If the p value is more than alpha, the test is said to be significant

False

T/F: attrition is best handled by inclusion of a control group

False

T/F: Experiments are very common in cognitive research

true