A&P 1 Chapter 1: Intro to A&P and Terminology
A headache is an example of a _____ pain.
cephalic
The lower ribs are below the ________ region.
hypochondriac *Hypocondriac means "below the cartilage" which may refer the cartilage of the ribs.
The skin belongs to the _____ system.
integumentary
What is the purpose of muscles?
maintain posture, some type of movement, burn energy or produce heat
A cervical lesion could be on the uterus or _____.
neck
What term refers to the back of the body?
posterior
The lungs are in what cavity?
thoracic cavity
What are the three types muscles in the muscular system?
1.) Skeletal 2.) Cardiac 3.) Smooth
The following belong togethers except which one? A.) Head B.) Arm C.) Neck D.) Trunk
ARM *The arm is part of the appendicular portion. *Head, trunk, and neck are axial.
What is a term for the lower trunk?
Abdomino-pelvic
A forearm is a/an _________ area.
Antebrachial
The process of turning ingested molecules into forms compatible with the organism is _________.
Assimilation
What are the smallest particles within molecules?
Atoms
The following belong together except which one? A.) Pancreas B.) Thyroid C.) Brain D.) Adrenal
BRAIN *The Pancreas, thyroid, and adrenal glands are part of the endocrine system
The following are sinus areas except which one? A.) Frontal B.) Maxillary C.) Ethmoid D.) Cranial
CRANIAL *The cranial is a cavity. *Sinuses: Frontal, Maxillary, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, & Mastoid
What refers to the wrist?
Carpal
What term is used for a blood vessel or abdominal nerve area?
Celiac
A _________ fracture occured in the hip area.
Coxal
What refers to leg or part of the penis?
Crural
A _________ fracture occured in the elbow area.
Cubital *Cubital mean elbow
The ________ separates the thoracic activity from the abdominal cavity.
Diaphragm
The catalysis of food subtrates is called _________.
Digestion
The vertebral cavity is also which cavity?
Dorsal Cavity
The following belong together except which one? A.) Trachea B.) Bronchi C.) Esophagus D.) Nasal cavity
ESOPHAGUS *The trachea, bronchi, and larynx belong to the respiratory system.
What area is above the area of the umbilicus?
Epigastric area
What term impllies that substances are equal in and outside a cell?
Equilibrium
The removal of a compound that the body no longer requires is called _____.
Excretion
The orbital cavity would contain the _________.
Eyes
The term acromial indicates the elbow area. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *Acromial = shoulder area
The term ipsilateral means on the opposite side. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *Ipsilateral = on the same side *Contralateral = opposite side
The only purpose of the nervous system is to intergrate incoming sensory stimuli. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *It also functions to transmit intergrated signals to the muscles and glands.
The parietal pleura is the membrane which covers the surface of each lung. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *It is the membrane directly on the surface of the thoracic cavity.
The term parietal is used to name something on the surface of an organ. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *Parietal means on the wall around the organ. *Visceral is the term for an organ.
The property of responsiveness means that an organism will respond abnormally if stimulated. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *Reponsiveness = a cell or organism will make a response if stimulated.
In the anatomical position the pam of the hands face towards the back. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *The anatomical position requires that the palms face forward.
The only function of the integumentary system is to act as a barrier keeping pathogens out. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *The other function of this barrier is to keep body water in.
Properties of an organ are considered to be the same as those of an organ system. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *The properties of each level of organization are unique.
Serous fluid is usually protective and thick in consistency. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *The serous fluid membranes are very wet and slippery to reduce friction.
The abdominal area could be divided into six regions or quandrants. TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *The term "quandrant" implies four areas.
an otic abnormality could be a deformed nasal septum TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE *The term otic refers to the ear.
The following are correct cavity terms except which one? A.) Oral B.) Nasal C.) Frontal D.) Middle Ear
FRONTAL
Transportation of body heat and distribution to body parts is mainly a property of the _________ it contains.
Fluids
A __________ section divides the body into front and back.
Frontal and Coronal
The action of _________ is direct, to decrease blood glucose levels.
Glucagon
What term refers to the structures of the buttocks?
Gluteal
Which of the following would not be lined by peritoneum? A.) Heart B.) Stomach C.) Intestines D.) Liver
HEART *The stomach, intestines, and liver are covered with the peritoneum.
What are the main components lost through the skin?
Heat and water
A group of cells is a tissue, studied under ___________.
Histology
The process in which cells and organisms are able to maintain a stable balance of internal and external substances and forces is called ________; they are not necessarily equal levels but are at "normal" levels.
Homeostasis
Which of the following is the same as inguinal? A.) Epigastric B.) Hypochondriac C.) Lumbar D.) Iliac
Iliac
What term refers to below an area?
Inferior
A mental tumor could be one in the ________.
Jaw
The function of the __________ is to remove soluble wastes and some water from the body.
Kidneys
The arms lie on the _____ surface of the trunk.
Lateral
The eyes are _________ structures.
Lateral
What term refers to the side?
Lateral
The _________ system returns tissue fluids containing white blood cells only to the heart.
Lymphatic
Proteins and carbohydrates are classified as ________.
Macromolecules
The heart lies specifically in the _________ space.
Mediastinum
What is transported in the blood through the circulation?
Molecules
Anatomy is a term, which means the study of _____.
Morphology
The ________ system aids in movement of body parts as well as movement of fluids.
Muscular
A decrease in blood glucose that causes the inhibition of insulin is an example of _________.
Negative Feedback
The lowering of body temperature in response to fever is an example of ___________.
Negative Feedback
Hormones are chemicals released in response to and by the _________ system affecting target areas.
Nervous
Integration and coordination are properties of the _____ system of organs.
Nervous
What system conveys electrophysiological impulses?
Nervous System
A medial tumor on the head could be on the _________.
Nose
___________ is defined as a group of organs that function for a specified purpose such as the circulatory system.
Organ System
The structures called ________ are termed intracellular each with specific living functions.
Organelles
A living organism consists of a variety of systems that work together to sustain the organism and where each system is defined as a group of __________ that function together.
Organs
What is an abnormal tissue change?
Pathology
The ____________ membranes surround abdominal structures.
Peritoneal
The study of how an organ works would be an example of __________.
Physiology
The study of the function of living cells/organisms (human functions) is _______.
Physiology
The _________ membranes surround the lungs.
Pleural
A temperature of 100.2° causes a further increases is an example of _________.
Positive Feedback
What results in movement of molecules?
Pressure
The wrist is _____ to the fingers with respect to the elbow.
Proximal *Proximal = near something
The pharynx belongs to the ________ and digestive systems.
RESPIRATORY *The pharynx does not contain any skeletal components.
The exhanging of gases for the purpose of producing energy during metabolism is called __________.
Respiration.
What is a property of living organisms?
Responsiveness
The following belong together except which one? A.) Brain B.) Vertebral canal C.) Spinal cord D.) Stomach
STOMACH *Brain, vertebral canal, and spinal cord are components of the dorsal cavity. *The stomach is in the ventral space.
A _________ section divides the body into right and left.
Sagittal
A tumor on top of the head would be on the _____ surface.
Superior
A living organism is characterized by metabolism and physiological processes that maintain homeostasis. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
All living cells consist of large, complex molecules or macromolecules, such as proteins TRUE or FALSE
TRUE
One purpose of the skeletal system is to allo for blood cell formation within the spongy bone region. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The purpose of the muscular system is to allow for heat production at times when the human body is exposed to extreme low temperatures over long periods of time. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
The term transverse is identical to horizontal section. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *A transverse plane is sometimes called horizontal or a cross-section.
Anterior can be used the same as ventral in humans. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *Anterior and ventral refer to the front in the human.
Metabolism = refers to the sum total of all chemical reactions in an organism. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *In a biochemical sense this term is used collectively but in medical usage sometimes metabolism is restricted to only those processes which result in energy production.
The peritoneum is a type of abdominal membrane. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *It is a thin, serous membrane that encloses almost all abdominal organs.
All body structures must be associated with some type of functions and purposes. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *Our understanding of all the functions of the body is limited. It could be assumed that everything has a function since the human organism has survived the test of time.
A peripheral wound could be located near the surface of the skin. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *Peripheral = around/on the outside of an area. Calling it "superficial" might be better.
The purpose of the reproductive system is for the continuation of the species. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *The continuation of the species refers to the reproductive process of generating new individuals of the same type as the parents.
It is NOT correct to say that the lungs lie within the space called the pleural cavity. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE *There is a space around each lung, filled with serous fluid, called the pleural cavity.
The study of philosophy that describes a purpose for something is __________.
Teleology
What does the middle ear cavity contain?
The ossicles
What is a membrane surrounding abdominal structures?
The peritoneum
What are implanted within the alveolar processes of the jaw?
The teeth
A _________ is a group of similar cells that work together.
Tissue
The term epithelium is a ________ term.
Tissue
A _________ section divides an organ into top and bottom.
Transverse *Transverse sections = horizontal cuts made through the shortest diameter.
The central abdominal area is the ________ region.
Umbilical *Umbilical refers to the naval or bellybutton area
Another name for the area of the body in the front or belly side is ________.
Ventral
The naval is located on the __________ surface.
Ventral
