A&P Ch 1 Review Questions

what are the 10 major organ systems

1) Integumentary 2) Muscular 3) Nervous 4) Endocrine 5)Cardiovascular 6) Lymphatic 7) Respiratory 8) Digestive 9) Urinary 10) Reproductive

How is PET used in chemotherapy?

PET scans can indicate how patients are responding to chemotherapy. PET scans require pharmaceutical drugs to be administered, this will show any rapidly absorbing cells in the body

What is the function of magnets in an MRI?

The magnets induce tissue to emit radio signals that can show differences between different types of tissue.

C.J. is stuck in her car during a bitterly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by ________. a. increasing the blood to her hands and feet b. becoming lethargic to conserve heat c. breaking down stored energy d. significantly increasing blood oxygen levels

c. breaking down stored energy

To make a banana split, you halve a banana into two long, thin, right and left sides along the ________. a. coronal plane b. longitudinal plane c. midsagittal plane d. transverse plane

c. midsagittal plane

Metabolism can be defined as the ________. a. adjustment by an organism to external or internal changes b. process whereby all unspecialized cells become specialized to perform distinct functions c. process whereby new cells are formed to replace worn-out cells d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism

d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism

peritoneum

serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers the organs found there

What regulatory processes would your body use if you were trapped by a blizzard in an unheated, uninsulated cabin in the woods?

the heat-gain system

Name the six levels of structual organization of the human body.

1. Chemical 2. Cellular 3. Tissue 4. Organ 5. Organ system 6. Organism

Which medical imaging technique is most dangerous to use repeatedly, and why?

CT scanning subjects patients to much higher levels of radiation than X-rays, and should not be performed repeatedly.

What kind of catabolism occurs in the heart?

Fatty acid catabolism.

Identify three different ways that growth can occur in the human body.

Growth can occur by increasing the number of existing cells, increasing the size of existing cells, or increasing the amount of non-cellular material around cells.

What type of radiation does a CT or CAT scanner use?

X-rays.

Which of the following statements about nutrients is true? a. All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival. b. Because the body cannot store any micronutrients, they need to be consumed nearly every day. c. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are micronutrients. d. Macronutrients are vitamins and minerals.

a. all classes of nutrients are essential to human survival

The smallest independently functioning unit of an organism is a(n) ________. a. cell b. molecule c. organ d. tissue

a. cell

After you eat lunch, nerve cells in your stomach respond to the distension (the stimulus) resulting from the food. They relay this information to ________. a. a control center b. a set point c. effectors d. sensors

a. control center

Cancer cells can be characterized as "generic" cells that perform no specialized body function. Thus cancer cells lack ________. a. differentiation b. reproduction c. responsiveness d. both reproduction and responsiveness

a. differentiation

A scientist wants to study how the body uses foods and fluids during a marathon run. This scientist is most likely a(n) ________. a. exercise physiologist b. microscopic anatomist c. regional physiologist d. systemic anatomist

a. exercise physiologist

A collection of similar tissues that performs a specific function is an ________. a. organ b. organelle c. organism d. organ system

a. organ

Which of the following is an example of a normal physiologic process that uses a positive feedback loop? a. blood pressure regulation b. childbirth c. regulation of fluid balance d. temperature regulation

b. childbirth

What are two major disadvantages of MRI scans? a. release of radiation and poor quality images b. high cost and the need for shielding from the magnetic signals c. can only view metabolically active tissues and inadequate availability of equipment d. release of radiation and the need for a patient to be confined to metal tube for up to 30 minutes

b. high cost and the need for shielding from the magnetic signals

The heart is within the ________. a. cranial cavity b. mediastinum c. posterior (dorsal) cavity d. All of the above

b. mediastinum

Which of the following imaging techniques would be best to use to study the uptake of nutrients by rapidly multiplying cancer cells? a. CT b. MRI c. PET d. ultrasonography

c. PET

Humans have the most urgent need for a continuous supply of ________. a. food b. nitrogen c. oxygen d. water

c. oxygen

Which of the following specialties might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot? a. microscopic anatomy b. muscle anatomy c. regional anatomy d. systemic anatomy

c. regional anatomy

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important molecule because it ________. a. is the result of catabolism b. release energy in uncontrolled bursts c. stores energy for use by body cells d. All of the above

c. stores energy for use by body cells

Stimulation of the heat-loss center causes ________. a. blood vessels in the skin to constrict b. breathing to become slow and shallow c. sweat glands to increase their output d. All of the above

c. sweat glands to increase their output

Which of the following imaging studies can be used most safely during pregnancy? a. CT scans b. PET scans c. ultrasounds d. X-rays

c. ultrasounds