A&P LAB - O'neal Midterm

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'E' in the picture.

A

Identify the feature on this pelvis.

Acetabulum

Name the feature on this bone.

Acromial end

Name the feature on this bone.

Acromion process

The major function of all serous membranes is to produce serous fluid which functions primarily to ___decrease friction, inflammation, & tissue damage___.

All of the above

Which body cavity contains the lungs?

All of the above cavities

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the picture.

Anterior Gray Horn

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'F' in the picture.

Anterior White Column

Identify this structure.

Anterior fontanelle

Name the feature on this pelvis.

Anterior inferior iliac spine

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'E' in the picture.

Arachnoid Mater

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'D' in the picture.

Arachnoid Mater

Brain Ventricles. Identify the structure labeled 'D' in the picture.

Arachnoid granulation

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'G' in the picture.

Arachnoid granulation

Neuron Model. Identify the structure labeled 'C' on the model.

Axon

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'D' in the picture.

Axon Hillock

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'H' in the picture.

Axon terminal branches

Neuron Model. Identify the structure labeled 'A' on the model.

Axoplasm

Using the diagram in this question, which structure is responsible for shock absorption & insulation and located in the hypodermis?

B

Identify the area.

Body

Using the diagram in this question, which structure is an eccrine gland that produces water, dermicidin, & antibodies?

C

What is the name of this bone?

Calcaneus

What are these bones collectively called?

Carpals

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'B' in the picture.

Cell Body (Soma)

Identify the area.

Cervical curvature

Identify the structure highlighted red.

Circumferential lamellae

Identify the area.

Coccyx

Name the feature on this bone.

Coracoid process

Identify the structure.

Coronal suture

Using the diagram in this question, which structure is strong, flexible connective tissue that is heavily innervated and vascularized?

D

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the picture.

Dendrites

These are skin macrophages that help activate the immune system.

Dendritic cells

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'G' in the picture.

Dorsal (Posterior) Root

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'H' in the picture.

Dorsal (Posterior) Root Ganglion (Ganglia)

Dura Septa (Posterior). Identify the structure labeled 'D' in the picture.

Dura Mater

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'D' in the picture.

Dura Mater

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the picture.

Dura mater

Using the diagram in this question, which structure is formed by dermal papillae, allowing free nerve endings & vasculature to rise higher into the overall layer?

E

Neuron Model. Identify the structure labeled 'F' on the model.

Endoneurium

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the picture.

Epidural space

The majority of the stomach is in the ________________ abdominopelvic region.

Epigastric

Which function of the Integumentary System is characterized by loss of significant amounts of electrolytes such as Na+, Cl-, and K+?

Excretion

Identify the structure.

External acoustic meatus (a.k.a. auditory canal)

The pelvic girdle labeled with the number 1 is a male pelvis, based on comparison to the features of the other pelvic girdle to its right.

False

Identify the area.

False ribs

Dura Septa. Identify the structure labeled 'E' in the picture.

Falx cerebelli

Dura Septa (Posterior). Identify the structure labeled 'B' in the picture.

Falx cerebri

Dura Septa. Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the picture.

Falx cerebri

Name the feature on this bone.

Femoral head

What is the name of this bone?

Femur

Name this bone.

Fibula

Identify the area.

Floating ribs

Name the area or structure.

Foramen magnum

Identify the bone or structure.

Frontal bone

Name the feature on this bone.

Glenoid cavity

Name the feature on this bone.

Greater trochanter

Name the feature on this bone.

Greater tubercle

Protect from heat loss; warn of insects on the skin; shield skin from sun.

Hard keratin pili

Identify the structure.

Haversian canal (a.k.a. Central canal)

Name this bone.

Humerus

Name this bone.

Iliac

The protein found in the epidermis that is responsible for toughening the skin is __________.

Keratin

The most abundant cells of the epidermis are __________.

Keratinocytes

Identify the structure.

Lacuna

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'B' in the picture.

Lateral Gray Horn

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'E' in the picture.

Lateral White Column

Name the feature on this bone.

Lateral malleolus

Name the feature on this bone.

Lesser trochanter

Identify the area.

Manubrium

Identify the bone or structure.

Mastoid process of temporal bone

Identify the area.

Maxilla

Name the feature on this bone.

Medial epicondyle

Name the feature on this bone.

Medial malleolus

These proteins accumulate on the 'sunny' side of the nucleus to form a shield against UV radiation damage.

Melanin granules

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'D2' in the picture.

Meningeal layer

Identify the structure or bone.

Mental foramen

Identify the bones.

Metacarpals

What are these bones collectively called?

Metatarsals

Neuron Model. Identify the structure labeled 'B' on the model.

Myelin sheath

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'G' in the picture.

Myelin sheath gap (Node of Ranvier)

Neuron Model. Identify the structure labeled 'E' on the model.

Node of Ranvier

Identify the bone or structure.

Occipital bone

Identify the structure.

Occipital condyle

Identify the bone or structure.

Occipitomastoid suture

Name the feature on this bone.

Olecranon fossa

Name the feature on this bone.

Olecranon process

Identify the area.

Optical nerve

After reading a medical report, you learn that a 45-year-old female has the following symptoms: inflammation of synovial membranes, accumulation of synovial fluid, pain and tenderness about the joints, pannus formation, and some immobility at certain joints. On the basis of these symptoms, what would the patient probably have?

Osteoarthritis

What is the name of this structure?

Palatine bone

The __________ serous membrane lines the outer abdominal cavity wall, while the ____________ serous membrane directly encloses most abdominal organs.

Parietal ; visceral

Identify the bone or structure.

Parietal bone

Name this bone.

Patella

Name the feature on this bone.

Patellar surface

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'D1' in the picture.

Periosteal layer

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'B' in the picture.

Periosteum

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'F' in the picture.

Pia Mater

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'F' in the picture.

Pia Mater

What is found in this location?

Pituitary gland

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the picture.

Posterior Gray Horn

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'D' in the picture.

Posterior White Column

Which function of the Integumentary System is characterized by oil sebum, dark melanin, water retention, and phagocytic dendritic cells?

Protection

NOTE: BREAK FOR DIAGRAM REVIEW (TEST 2)

REVIEW SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES

The liver is mostly in the ____ or ____ (quadrant abbreviation).

RUQ or URQ

Name the feature on this bone.

Radial head

Name the feature on this bone.

Radial notch

Name the feature on this bone.

Radial tuberosity

Name this bone.

Radius

Identify the area

Sacral curvature

Neuron Model. Identify the structure labeled 'D' on the model.

Schwann Cell

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'F' in the picture.

Schwann cell

Which function of the Integumentary System is characterized by the functions of touch receptors, thermoreceptors, and chemoreceptors?

Sensation

What shape & type of cells compose all serous membrane tissues?

Simple squamous epithelium

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the picture.

Skull bone

Identify the structure or bone.

Sphenoid bone

Identify the structure (infant skull).

Sphenoidal fontanelle

Identify the area.

Spinous process

Identify the area.

Sternal angle

Name the feature on this bone.

Sternal end

Dura Septa. Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the picture.

Straight sinus

The layer that contains the mitotic, viable cells of the epidermis.

Stratum basale

The layer of the epidermis where the cells are considered protective, but nonviable.

Stratum corneum

Name the feature on this bone.

Styloid process

Brain Ventricles. Identify the structure labeled 'F' in the picture.

Subarachnoid space

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'H' in the picture.

Subarachnoid space

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'E' in the picture.

Subarachnoid space

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'I' in the picture.

Subdural space

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'B' in the picture.

Subdural space

Identify the area.

Superior articular process and facet

Brain Ventricles. Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the picture.

Superior sagittal sinus

Dura Septa (Posterior). Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the picture.

Superior sagittal sinus

Dura Septa. Identify the structure labeled 'B' in the picture.

Superior sagittal sinus

Name the bone.

Talus

Dura Septa (Posterior). Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the picture.

Tentorium cerebelli

Dura Septa. Identify the structure labeled 'D' in the picture.

Tentorium cerebelli

Brain Ventricles. Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the picture.

Third ventricle

Identify the area.

Thoracic curvature

A section along the _______ plane would yield superior & inferior views.

Transverse

Dura Septa (Posterior). Identify the structure labeled 'E' in the picture.

Transverse sinus

Bursae are fluid-filled fibrous sacs lined with a synovial membrane that occur where ligaments, muscles, and tendons rub together.

True

The function of a process on a bone, such as the mastoid process is for muscle attachment.

True

The name of the mature bone cell is osteocyte.

True

Using the functional classification, a freely movable joint would be called a synovial joint.

True

Identify the area.

True ribs

Spinal cord. Identify the structure labeled 'I' in the picture.

Ventral (Anterior) Root

Identify the area.

Vertebral foramen

Which function of the Integumentary System is characterized by cholesterol as a precursor and 15 min/day of sunlight exposure to aid in calcium absorption?

Vitamin D Synthesis

Name the bone or structure.

Zygomatic bone

Which of these descriptions correctly defines/describes the periosteum?

a connective tissue covering the compact bone surface

Which of these descriptions correctly defines/describes a fossa?

a shallow depression on the surface of a bone

Which of these are defining characteristics of the female pelvis, allowing an anatomist to distinguish it from the male pelvis?

all answers listed are correct

The tip of the nose is _____ to the left eye.

all of the above

Which of the following organs are considered retroperitoneal organs?

all of the above

Which of these descriptions correctly defines/describes a trochanter?

an attachment site for ligaments and tendons

The stomach pouch is ____ or _____ to the spinal column.

anterior ; ventral

Which of the following is considered a clinically diagnostic organ located in the right iliac region?

appendix

These are cell remnants of the stratum corneum.

cornified keratinocytes

The sensory cutaneous distribution of spinal nerves is called a _____.

dermatomal map

An area of the skin supplied with sensory innervation by a pair of spinal nerves is _____.

dermatome

The ____________ is a dome-shaped sheet of muscle that lies just inferior to the heart and lungs, separating the thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities

diaphragm

The fingers (phalanges) are _____ to the elbow.

distal

A neurotransmitter (NT) that opens chemically-gated ion channels allowing Na+ and K+ to pass simultaneously on the postsynaptic membrane is associated with an _____.

excitatory postsynaptic potential (ESPS)

The graded potential that results in a local depolarization of a postsynaptic membrane is an _____.

excitatory postsynaptic potential (ESPS)

A neurotransmitter (NT) that opens chemically-gated ion channels permeable to either Cl- or K+ on the postsynaptic membrane is associated with an _____.

inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)

The graded potential that results in a local hyperpolarization of a postsynaptic membrane is an _____.

inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)

The collar bone is ____ to the breastbone and shoulder.

intermediate

A patient is laying in the supine position. This means the patient is _____.

lying on his/her back and facing the ceiling

A patient is laying in the prone position. This means the patient is _____.

lying on his/her stomach & facing the floor

Which bisecting plane divides the body into equal left and right halves?

midsagittal plane

A cut that is diagonal between vertical and horizontal planes is called a(n) _____.

oblique section

Which of the following is not considered to be part of the anatomical position for the human body?

palms facing backward

Which closed body cavity directly encloses the heart?

pericardial cavity

The heel is ____ or ____ to the toes.

posterior ; dorsal

The cruciate ligaments of the knee ________.

prevent hyperextension of the knee

The upper arm (or humerus) is _______ to the forearm (or radius and ulna).

proximal

Which of these descriptions correctly defines/describes nutrient foramina?

small holes where blood vessels and nerves pass to and from the interior of bone

The heart is _____ to the stomach pouch.

superior

Brain Ventricles. Identify the structure labeled 'G' in the picture.

Interventricular foramen

Identify the bone.

Ischium

The spleen is located in _____ or _____ (quadrant abbreviation).

LUQ or ULQ

Identify the bone or structure.

Lambdoid suture

Identify the structure.

Lamellae

A patient is in a traumatic accident and presents with a purplish discoloration of the left upper quadrant. No ribs are fractured, and there are no external open wounds. What does the physician suspect has occurred?

Likely ruptured spleen

Identify the area.

Lumbar curvature

Identify the bone or structure.

Mandible

Identify the structure.

Mandibular fossa

Neuron. Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the picture.

Nucleus

Name the feature on this pelvis.

Obturator foramen

Identify the structure.

Osteocyte

Identify the structure.

Osteon (a.k.a. Haversian system)

Visceral pleura are a type of serous membrane which specifically enclose the _____ and ______.

Right lung & left lung

Name the bone or structure.

Sagittal suture

Meninges. Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the picture.

Scalp

What is the name of this bone?

Scapula

What are the names of these two bones?

Sphenoid bones

Which of these descriptions correctly defines/describes a diaphysis?

the central, narrower, tapered length of long bone between the oddly shaped ends

Identify the area.

Sternum

Name this bone.

Tibia

Name the feature on this bone.

Tibial tuberosity

Identify the area.

Transverse process

Lacunae are the spaces in the lamellae

True

Hair that lacks pigment and is often called "immature hair."

V

Identify the area.

Xiphoid process

Identify the structure.

Canaliculi

Brain Ventricles. Identify the structure labeled 'B' in the picture.

Choroid plexus

Brain Ventricles. Identify the structure labeled 'E' in the picture.

Choroid plexus of Fourth Ventricle

What is the full name of this bone? (prefix & bone name)

Distal phalange

There are 8 cervical vertebrae.

False