A&P Lab: Set 5: Body Orientation and Direction

cephalad (dog)

anterior/front/forward

The thumb is BLANK to the ring finger.

LATERAL

The skin is BLANK to the skeleton.

SUPERFICIAL

The thorax is BLANK to the abdomen.

SUPERIOR

The brain is BLANK to the spinal cord.

The brain is SUPERIOR to the spinal cord.

The sternum (breastbone) is BLANK to the ribs.

The breastbone is MEDIAL to the ribs.

The ear is BLANK to the nose.

The ear is LATERAL to the nose.

The fingers are BLANK to the elbow.

The fingers are DISTAL to the elbow.

The kidneys are BLANK to the liver.

The kidneys are POSTERIOR to the liver.

The knee is BLANK to the toes.

The knee is PROXIMAL to the toes.

The nose is BLANK to the cheekbones.

The nose is MEDIAL to the cheekbones.

The trachea (windpipe) is BLANK to the spine.

The windpipe is ANTERIOR to the spine.

The wrist is BLANK to the hand.

The wrist is PROXIMAL to the hand.

superior

above

lateral

away from the median plane

posterior

back/backside

inferior

below

Transverse plane

divides horizontally into superior and anterior parts

Frontal (coronal) plane

divides into anterior and posterior parts

Median/midsagittal plane

divides right down the midline

superficial

external/toward the body surface

distal

farther from the trunk

anterior

front/forward

ventral (dog)

inferior/belly side

deep

internal/away from the body surface

proximal

nearer the trunk

caudal (dog)

posterier/back

dorsal (dog)

superior/backside

cephalad/cranial

toward the head

medial

toward the midline

caudal

toward the tail