A&P Lab: Set 5: Body Orientation and Direction
cephalad (dog)
anterior/front/forward
The thumb is BLANK to the ring finger.
LATERAL
The skin is BLANK to the skeleton.
SUPERFICIAL
The thorax is BLANK to the abdomen.
SUPERIOR
The brain is BLANK to the spinal cord.
The brain is SUPERIOR to the spinal cord.
The sternum (breastbone) is BLANK to the ribs.
The breastbone is MEDIAL to the ribs.
The ear is BLANK to the nose.
The ear is LATERAL to the nose.
The fingers are BLANK to the elbow.
The fingers are DISTAL to the elbow.
The kidneys are BLANK to the liver.
The kidneys are POSTERIOR to the liver.
The knee is BLANK to the toes.
The knee is PROXIMAL to the toes.
The nose is BLANK to the cheekbones.
The nose is MEDIAL to the cheekbones.
The trachea (windpipe) is BLANK to the spine.
The windpipe is ANTERIOR to the spine.
The wrist is BLANK to the hand.
The wrist is PROXIMAL to the hand.
superior
above
lateral
away from the median plane
posterior
back/backside
inferior
below
Transverse plane
divides horizontally into superior and anterior parts
Frontal (coronal) plane
divides into anterior and posterior parts
Median/midsagittal plane
divides right down the midline
superficial
external/toward the body surface
distal
farther from the trunk
anterior
front/forward
ventral (dog)
inferior/belly side
deep
internal/away from the body surface
proximal
nearer the trunk
caudal (dog)
posterier/back
dorsal (dog)
superior/backside
cephalad/cranial
toward the head
medial
toward the midline
caudal
toward the tail