A&P one- Mcampbell- unit 3 smartbook 11

Match the pattern of fascicle arrangement with its best description. Instructions

1. circular- concentrically arranged fibers around an opening 2. parallel-often associated with cylindrical muscles with a central body tendon 3. convergent-have widespread muscle fibers over a broad area that meet on a common attachment site 4. pennate-these fascicles are arranged at an oblique angle to the tendon

Match the muscle to its characteristic facial expression. Instructions

1. depressor anguli oris - frowning 2. orbicularis oculi - blinking 3. zygomaticus major - smiling 4. orbicularis oris - kissing 5. frontal belly of occipitofrontalis - raising eyebrows 6. platysma - tensing skin of neck

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the pectoralis major.

adduction of the arm medial rotation of the arm flexion of the arm

The pectoralis major is an ______ of the arm.

adductor

When the triceps brachii extends the elbow, its action is considered to be that of which of the following?

agonist

Match the type of primary action to its best description. Instructions

agonist- a muscle that contracts to produce a particular movement antagonist- a muscle that stretches when the agonist contracts synergist- a muscle that either contributes to tension close to the insertion or stabilizes the point of origin

The extensor digitorum longus is on the ______ side of the leg.

anterior

The muscles in the ______ compartment of the arm flexes the arm at the elbow.

anterior

Which of the following correctly pairs fibers of the deltoid with their function? Instructions

anterior fibers - flex and medially rotate the arm posterior fibers - extend and laterally rotate the arm lateral fibers - abduct the arm

During exhalation, muscles of respiration ______.

decrease the space of the thoracic cavity

The pectoralis minor muscle is ______ to the pectoralis major muscle.

deep

When the psoas major contracts, the thigh is ______.

flexed

When the rectus femoris contracts, the thigh is ______.

flexed

Contraction of the long head of the biceps brachii results in a single type of movement of the glenohumeral joint: What type of movement is this?

flexion of the arm

Many parallel muscles are cylindrical with an expanded central region called a ______.

gaster or body

Which of the following is an example of a convergent muscle?

pectoralis major

Which muscles move the glenohumeral joint and originate on the axial skeleton?

pectoralis major latissimus dorsi

The biceps femoris is on the ______ side of the thigh.

posterior

Identify the location of the triceps brachii.

posterior arm

Which of the following best describes the location of the latissimus dorsi?

posterior of body, inferior part of the back

The temporalis muscle ______ the mandible.

retracts

Which of the following is/are points of proximal attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

ribs 8-12 spinous processes, T7-T12 iliac crest thoracolumbar fascia

When the gluteus maximus contracts, the thigh is ______.

rotated laterally extended

Which are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

sartorius iliacus rectus femoris psoas major

The trapezius can elevate and depress the ______.

scapula

Identify the muscles that abduct the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

supraspinatus deltoid

The rotator cuff muscles are ______.

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

The glenohumeral joint is crossed by ______ muscles.

11

True or false: Parallel muscles have low endurance but are very strong.

False

Intramuscular injections are commonly used to administer medication because of which of the following characteristics?

a rich blood supply

Which muscles flex the forearm?

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

The orbicularis oris muscle is an example of a ______ muscle.

circular

The buccinator muscle ______.

compresses the cheek

Identify the actions provided by contraction of the triceps brachii.

extension of the forearm adduction of the humerus extension of the humerus

True or false: The internal intercostals are superficial to the external intercostals.

false

True or false: The intrinsic muscles of the foot act primarily to evert and invert the foot.

false

Bundles of muscle fibers, termed ______, lie parallel to each other within a muscle.

fascicles

Posterior compartment thigh muscles ______ the knee.

flex

When the iliacus contracts, the thigh is ______.

flexed

Common intramuscular injection sites include the region.

gluteal- deltoid

A condition that occurs when a portion of the intestines protrude through a weakened point in the muscular wall is called a

hernia

During inspiration, muscles of respiration ______.

increase the space of the thoracic cavity

Where do the all of the fibers of the latissimus dorsi distally attach?

intertubercular groove of the humerus

Identify the muscle that elevates the upper eyelid when you open your eyes.

levator palpebrae superioris

Inguinal hernias are more common in ______.

males

Which category is utilized in the naming of the extensor radialis longus muscle?

muscle action

Which muscle contracts when you blink?

orbicularis oculi

The pectoralis major is an example of a muscle that ______ the scapula.

protracts

When an appendicular muscle is contracting, the less moveable muscle attachment is usually the ______ attachment.

proximal

dentify the extrinsic eye muscles specified in the image of the right eye, lateral view. Item A—Superior ____. Item B—Inferior____

rectus oblique

Which is not an abdominal wall muscle?

rectus femoris

The overall, general function of all of the muscles of the rotator cuff is to ______.

stabilize the glenohumeral joint

True or false: All anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle are deep to other thoracic muscles.

true

True or false: The attachments of the deltoid form a fan-shaped muscle responsible for the rounded contour of the shoulder.

true

When the sartorius contracts, the thigh is ______.

Flexed and rotated laterally

Which muscle plantar flexes the foot?

Gastrocnemius

Muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh ______ the thigh.

adduct

Match the type of primary action to its correct description. Instructions

agonist- prime mover antagonist- opposes the agonist synergist- Assists the agonist

Skeletal muscles are grouped according to their primary actions into which of the following three types?

antagonists synergists agonists

Which are the muscles of the posterior thigh, commonly referred to collectively as the "hamstrings?"

biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus

The inferior attachments of the muscles that move the head and neck are the ______.

bones of the vertebral column

Which type of muscle has widespread muscle fibers over a broad area that collect themselves onto a common attachment site?

convergent muscles

The anterior fibers of the are the primary flexors of the arm and medially rotate the arm.

deltoid

Identify the muscles that flex the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

deltoid biceps brachii coracobrachialis

Identify the muscles that laterally rotate the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

deltoid infraspinatus teres minor

What are some terms used in naming muscles according to shape?

deltoid rhomboid trapezius

The internal intercostals ______.

depress the ribs during forced exhalation

The trapezius is a large, ______-shaped muscle.

diamond

The dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity is the ______.

diaphragm

The latissimus is a broad, triangular muscle located on the inferior part of the back.

dorsi

Functions of the trapezius muscle include ______.

elevate scapula extension of the head and neck movement of the pectoral girdle retract scapula depress scapula

Contraction of the external intercostal muscles ______.

expands the thoracic cavity

Contraction of the medial muscles of the thigh results in ______.

extension of the thigh adduction of the thigh flexion of the thigh lateral rotation of the thigh

The muscles that assist the serratus posterior superior muscles in expanding the thoracic cavity, by elevating the ribs, during inhalation are the ______ intercostals.

external

In general, muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh tend to ______.

flex the leg at the knee joint adduct the thigh at the hip joint

Which best summarizes the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the deltoid?

flexion, abduction, medial rotation, and lateral rotation

Which of the following best summarizes the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur when the pectoralis major contracts?

flexion, adduction, medial rotation

The muscles that are responsible for plantar flexion of the foot are the ______.

gastrocnemius, soleus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and tibialis posterior

In addition to the compartments, muscles in two other groups move the hip joint/thigh, the ______.

gluteal group and deep muscles of the gluteal region

Which of the following does not increase the risk of developing a rotator cuff injury?

increased blood flow

Identify the muscles that adduct the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

infraspinatus teres major and teres minor coracobrachialis pectoralis major latissimus dorsi

The ______ muscles of the foot move the toes.

intrinsic

Which of the following best describe(s) the location of the trapezius?

it is a posterior thoracic muscle it is superficial to other posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle

Where does the pectoralis major distally attach?

lateral part of intertubercular groove of humerus

The prime mover of the extension of the arm is the ______.

latissimus dorsi

Which is a prime mover of the glenohumeral joint?

latissimus dorsi

Identify the muscles that medially rotate the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

latissimus dorsi pectoralis major teres major deltoid subscapularis

Identify the muscles that extend the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

latissimus dorsi teres major triceps brachii deltoid

The prime movers of the glenohumeral joint are the ______.

latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major

The hypothenar group forms a small fleshy mass at the base of the ______.

little finger

Identify the proximal attachments of the pectoralis major.

medial clavicle costal cartilages of ribs 2-6 body of the sternum

Which muscle adducts the eye?

medial rectus

The sternocleidomastoid muscle get its name from which category for naming muscles?

muscle attachments

Which category is utilized in the naming of the deltoid muscle?

muscle shape

The gluteus maximus muscle gets its name from which categories for naming muscles?

muscle size

What is the superior attachment for the muscles that move the head and neck?

on the bones of the cranium

Which of the following is considered a circular muscle?

orbicularis oris

Extrinsic muscles of the wrist and hand ______.

originate in the forearm flex or extend the hand flex or extend the thumb and fingers

The major is the principal flexor of the arm.

pectoralis

The prime mover of the flexion of the arm is the ______.

pectoralis major

The ______ is formed by three layers of muscles and associated fasciae.

pelvic diaphragm

The "hamstrings" are muscles of the ______ compartment of the thigh.

posterior

The semitendinosus is on the ______ side of the thigh.

posterior

The anterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle are the ______.

subclavius pectoralis minor serratus anterior

Usually during axial muscle contraction, the more moveable muscle attachment, the ______ attachment is pulled toward the less moveable muscle attachment.

superior

Which muscles extend inferomedially from the superior rib to the adjacent inferior rib?

the external intercostal muscles

Which of the following are considered muscles of mastication?

the masseter muscle the medial pterygoid muscle the temporalis muscle the lateral pterygoid muscle

The attachment sites of the sternocleidomastoid muscle include ______.

the mastoid process the sternum the clavicle

Which muscle elevates and retracts the mandible during mastication?

the temporalis muscle

When the diaphragm contracts ______.

the thoracic space is increased

Put in simple terms, the intrinsic muscles of the hand are classified anatomically as the group at the base of the thumb (the ______ group), those found at the base of the little finger (the ______ group), and everything in between (the ______ group).

thenar; hypothenar; midpalmar

The primary muscle that dorsiflexes the foot is the ______.

tibialis anterior

Which muscle inverts the foot?

tibialis anterior

The muscles that dorsiflex the foot are the ______.

tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus

The anterior muscles of the neck ______ the neck.

to flex

Match the type of pennate muscle with an example of the muscle. Instructions

unipennate - extensor digitorum bipennate - rectus femoris multipennate - deltoid

Match the type of pennate muscle with its best description. Instructions

unipennate- all muscle fibers are on one side of the tendon bipennate-usually has muscle fibers on both sides of the tendon multipennate-has branches of the tendon within the muscle

Muscles that move the knee joint ______.

within each compartment have similar actions on the knee joint are separated into anatomical compartments by deep fascia

Which is a muscle of mastication?

masseter

The process of chewing is called

mastication

Match the muscle of respiration to its corresponding description. Instructions

1. external intercostals - eleven pairs of oblique fibers between the ribs; project anteroinferiorly 2. diaphragm - broad muscle; separates thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities 3. serratus posterior inferior - thin intermediate back muscle; splits into four separate muscle segments 4. transversus thoracis - inferior attachment is costal cartilages 2-6; assist in decreasing diameter of thoracic cavity

Why is the forearm larger near the elbow than it is near the wrist?

The bellies of the forearm muscles that move the wrist are located near the elbow; the tendons of these muscles extend toward the wrist.

Anatomically, muscles that move the pectoral girdle are classified as ______.

anterior or posterior thoracic

The orbicularis oris muscle is named for its ______.

arrangement of muscle fascicles and body location

The muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh flex the thigh and ______ the knee.

extend

The hamstring group of muscles ______ the thigh and ______ the leg.

extend; flex

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the deltoid.

extension of the arm abduction of the arm flexion of the arm lateral rotation of the arm medial rotation of the arm

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the triceps brachii (long head).

extension of the arm adduction of the arm

Contraction of gluteal muscles results in ______.

extension of thigh

In addition to extending the thigh, the biceps femoris rotates the thigh , whereas the semimembranosus and semitendinosus rotate the thigh .

laterally , medially

Which muscle compresses the cheek against the teeth, as in chewing, when it contracts?

the buccinator muscle

The muscles that invert the foot are the ______.

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior

The muscles that retract the scapula are the ______.

trapezius and rhomboids (minor and major)

The brachii extends the arm.

triceps

Which muscles extend the forearm?

triceps brachii anconeus