Abdomen Review Ch 7-9

Réussis tes devoirs et examens dès maintenant avec Quizwiz!

What is the most common benign solid tumor of the adrenal gland? Adrenal adenoma Adrenal rest Neuroblastoma Pheochromocytoma

Adrenal adenoma

Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood pressure by controlling the amount of sodium and water in The Body? Epinephrine Cortisol Aldosterone ACTH

Aldosterone

The diameter of the IVC should never exceed 1.5 cm 2.5 cm 3.5 cm 8mm

2.5 cm

What is the normal diameter of the proximal abdominal aorta? 2.5 cm or less Greater than 1.8 cm but no larger than 2.5 cm 2.0 cm or less Less than 3.0 cm

2.5 cm or less

Which of the following has clinical findings of bronzing of the skin? Addison disease Cushing disease Cushing syndrome Conn syndrome

Addison disease

Which of the following is associated with hyponatremia? Cushing syndrome Conn syndrome Pheochromocytoma Addison disease

Addison disease

Which of the following renal disorders presents sonographically with echogenic renal pyramids due to accumulation of calcium in dilated collecting ducts? Angiomyolipoma Renal fungal disease Glomerulonephritis Medullary sponge kidney

Medullary sponge kidney

The presence of purulent material within the renal collecting system term? Pylotosis Pyelonephritis Pyonephrosis Emphysematous Pyelonephritis

Pyonephrosis

What is the most likely location of TCC in the kidney? Cortex Medulla Minor calyx Renal pelvis

Renal pelvis

The arterial blood supply to the adrenal glands is accomplished by means of the? Celiac trunk Subphrenic arteries Suprarenal arteries SMA

Suprarenal arteries

How is blood supplied to the adrenal glands? Suprarenal branches of aorta Suprarenal branches of inferior phrenic arteries Suprarenal branches of main renal artery Suprarenal branches of aorta, suprarenal branches of inferior phrenic arteries, and suprarenal branches of main renal artery

Suprarenal branches of aorta, suprarenal branches of inferior phrenic arteries, and suprarenal branches of main renal artery

The adrenal gland with a portion of the blood supply to follow the following except? Suprarenal branches of the phrenic arteries Suprarenal branches of the aorta Suprarenal branches of the renal arteries Suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk

Suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk

What is the normal Doppler waveform appearance of the distal aorta? Biphasic, low-resistant pattern with flow reversal in late diastole Triphasic, low-resistant pattern with no flow reversal at any point in cycle Monophasic, high-resistant pattern with flow reversal in systole Triphasic, high-resistant pattern with flow reversal in early diastole

Triphasic, high-resistant pattern with flow reversal in early diastole

A patient presents with epilepsy and skin lesions. The sonogram demonstrated bilateral renal cysts and angiomyolipoma. What is the most likely diagnosis? von Hippel-Lindau syndrome Acquired renal cystic disease Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome Tuberous sclerosis

Tuberous sclerosis

The systemic disorder associated with epilepsy that leads to the development of solid tumors or various organs, including angiomyolipoma of the kidney is: Tuberous sclerosis Tuberculosis Von-hippel Lindau syndrome MCDK

Tuberous sclerosis

What is the term used to describe the inner layer of the aorta wall? Tunica adventitia Tunica media Tunica intima Lumen

Tunica intima

What signals the adrenal gland to release hormones? Release of adrenocorticotropic hormone by the thalamus Release of cortisol by the thyroid gland Release of androgen by the gonads Release of adrenocorticotropic hormone by the anterior pituitary gland

Release of adrenocorticotropic hormone by the anterior pituitary gland

The protective capsule of the kidney is referred to as? Glissons capsule Perirenal capsule Renal capsule Renal cortex

Renal capsule

Which of the following best describes the adult kidney? Retroperitoneal location with cortex responsible for blood filtration and medulla responsible for absorption Intraperitoneal location with right kidney typically measuring up to 2 cm larger than left responsible for homeostasis Retroperitoneal location covered by Gerota fascia with the main function being the regulation of blood pressure by producing renin Intraperitoneal location typically down in the pelvis responsible for detoxification and filtration of the blood

Retroperitoneal location with cortex responsible for blood filtration and medulla responsible for absorption

What is the most common cause of IVC enlargement? Budd-Chiari syndrome IVC filter Left heart failure Right heart failure

Right heart failure

What vessel would be the shortest? Right renal vein Right renal artery Left renal vein Left renal artery

Right renal vein

Which vascular structure may be confused for the pain pancreatic duct? Splenic artery SMA Hepatic artery Celiac artery

Splenic artery

All of the following are associated with Conns syndrome except? Adrenal adenoma Hypertension Excessive thirst Thinning arms and legs

Thinning arms and legs

When urolithiasis is suspected with sonography but difficult to visualize, what can the sonographer do to better define it? Decrease transducer frequency Turn on color Doppler Hydrate your patient Turn on image compounding

Turn on color Doppler

The neuroblastoma typically presents before the age of? 1 year 2 years 4 years 5 years

5 year

Which of the following is the most common cause of ARF? Hypertension Diabetes ARPKD Acute tubular necrosis

Acute tubular necrosis

The adrenal cortex produces al of the following except? Cortisol Androgens Aldosterone Adrenaline

Adrenaline

What is the cause of Cushing disease? Anterior pituitary gland tumor Adrenal hemorrhage Neuroblastoma Hyperaldosteronism

Anterior pituitary gland tumor

Which of the following typically presents in a patient whose history includes chronic bladder UTI and sonographic appearance of diffusely thickened bladder wall with septations and internal debris? Neurogenic bladder Cystitis Bladder lithiasis Bladder diverticulum

Bladder diverticulum

What sonographic feature gives an adrenal cyst concern for malignancy? Round shape Produces acoustic enhancement Presence of hemorrhage within cyst Calcified cyst wall

Calcified cyst wall

How is an arteriovenous fistula best demonstrated sonographically? Color Doppler imaging B-mode imaging Continuous-wave Doppler Pulsed-wave Doppler

Color Doppler imaging

Which of the following is associated with hypernaturia? Cushing syndrome Conn syndrome Pheochromocytoma Addisons disease

Conn syndrome

A patient presents with obesity, hirsutism, and a buffalo hump. Sonography identified a mass in the RT adrenal gland. What is the most likely diagnosis? von Hippel-Lindau syndrome Conn syndrome Addison disease Cushing syndrome

Cushing syndrome

How is pelvocaliectasis diagnosed with sonography? Dilation of the calices, renal pelvis, and proximal ureter Dilation of the calices Dilation of the calices and renal pelvis Dilation of the renal pelvis

Dilation of the calices and renal pelvis

Clinical findings of an AAA include all of the following except? Lower extremity pain Back pain Abdominal bruit Elevated hematocrit

Elevated hematocrit

Which of the following complications of chronic pyelonephritis demonstrates gas or air within the renal parenchyma with dirty shadowing? Glomerulonephritis Emphysematous pyelonephritis Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis Perinephric abscess

Emphysematous pyelonephritis

What branches make up the celiac axis? Hepatic artery, gastroduodenal artery, and LT suprarenal artery RT renal artery, splenic artery, and LT renal artery Hepatic artery, LT gastric artery, and splenic artery Hepatic artery, RT gastric artery, and splenic artery

Hepatic artery, LT gastric artery, and splenic artery

What flow pattern would be the postprandial SMA yield in small bowel ischemia? High resistive Low resistive

High resistive

Clinical findings of glomerulonephritis include all of the following except: Proteinuria Throat infection Azotemia Hypercalcemia

Hypercalcemia

Which of the following would result in buffalo hump and moo-shaped face clinical findings? Conn syndrome Addison disease Adrogenism Hypercortisolism

Hypercortisolism

The most common sonographic appearance of a phenochromoctoma is an? Hyperechoic mass Hypoechoic mass Anechoic mass Complex mass

Hyperechoic mass

What is the term for low levels of calcium in the blood? Hypokalemia Hypopigmentations Hyponatremia Hypodisuria

Hyponatremia

Which of the following would not be a typically clinical feature of renal transplant failure? Oliguria Proteinuria Hypotension Elevated creatinine

Hypotension

What vessel may attach to the splenic vein before reaching the portal confluence? Left renal vein IMV Right renal vein Celiac vein

IMV

Which artery arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta just inferior to the gonadal arteries? Inferior mesenteric artery Superior mesenteric artery Celiac axis Suprarenal artery

Inferior mesenteric artery

Where is the abdominal aorta located? Inferior to the diaphragm, just anterior to the spine, and slightly to the left of the midline Retroperitoneal, posterior to the pancreas, and just to the right of the inferior vena cava (IVC) Intraperitoneal, superior to the diaphragm, and inferior to the aortic arch Retroperitoneal, inferior to the diaphragm, superior to the spine, and just left of the midline

Inferior to the diaphragm, just anterior to the spine, and slightly to the left of the midline

What is a common complication of Wilms tumor, renal transitional cell carcinoma, and Budd-Chiari syndrome? Mets Enlargement of the IVC Invasion of the IVC Need for IVC filter

Invasion of the IVC

What is the path of venous drainage of the LT adrenal gland? LT suprarenal vein drains directly into the inferior vena cava (IVC) LT suprarenal vein drains directly into the aorta LT suprarenal vein drains into the LT renal vein LT suprarenal vein drains into the LT gonadal vein

LT suprarenal vein drains into the LT renal vein

What are the sonographic features of a pheochromocytoma? Anechoic, round mass in the adrenal cortex with acoustic enhancement Large hyperechoic mass adjacent to the superior pole of the kidney Solid hypoechoic mass in the area of the adrenal gland Small hypoechoic mass in the adrenal medulla

Large hyperechoic mass adjacent to the superior pole of the kidney

What area of the adrenal gland produces epinephrine and norepinephrine? Medulla Gerota fascia Zona fasciculata Zona glomerulosa

Medulla

An aneurysm associated with infection is termed? Saccular Fusiform Recanalized Mycotic

Mycotic

A 2-year-old male presents with a palpable abdominal mass with abdominal and back pain. A 10-cm heterogeneous ill-defined mass with calcifications is identified in the RT abdomen. Mets were identified in the liver. What is the most likely diagnosis? Nephroblastoma Wilms tumor Hepatoblastoma Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma

The most common extra cranial malignant mass in children is the: Hepatoblastoma Hypernephroma Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma

Which of the following is produced by the adrenal medulla? Cortisol Aldosterone Norepinephrine Androgens

Norepinephrine

Which of the following is a hyperfunctioning adrenal mass that results in uncontrollable hypertension and excessive perspiration? Adrenal adenoma Adrenal carcinoma Adrenal rest Pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytoma

Which of the following is the most common cause of CRF? Hypertension Diabetes ARPKD Acute tubular necrosis

Diabetes

What vessel can be often noted crossing between the SMA and the abdominal aorta in the transverse scanning plane? Left renal vein Left renal artery Right renal vein Right renal artery

Left renal vein

How is an aortic rupture diagnosed? Presence of intimal flap with thrombus on the aorta wall adjacent to it. Presence of an AAA with adjacent hematoma. You must demonstrate color images of the active bleeding site. To-fro flow must be demonstrated at the rupture site.

Presence of an AAA with adjacent hematoma.

Which of the following can cause the appearance of false hydronephrosis? Urolithiasis Prominent renal vein Enlarged prostate Pregnancy

Prominent renal vein

All of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except: the adrenal glands are easily identified in the fetus The adrenal are glands are exocrine glands The adrenal glands are composed of a medulla and cortex The adrenal gland may be referred to as the suprarenal glands

The adrenal are glands are exocrine glands

When assessing the sonographic appearance of an adult kidney, what echogenicity comparisons are typically used? Triangular shaped pyramids should be demonstrated within the cortex hyperechoic to the medulla. The cortex should be hyperechoic to the medulla measuring at least 1 cm in thickness. Glisson capsule should be echogenic and demonstrate a lobular contour. The cortex should be hypoechoic or isoechoic to the liver or spleen.

The cortex should be hypoechoic or isoechoic to the liver or spleen.

All of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except? The adrenal gland play important role in one pressure regulation The adrenal glands are easily identified in the fetus The left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the left kidney The right adrenal gland is located medial to the right lobe of the liver

The left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the left kidney

Which of the following is true regarding a duplex collecting system with complete ureteral duplication? The upper pole with the kidney suffers from reflex The lower pole suffers from obstruction because of a varicocele The upper pole suffers from obstruction because of a ureterocele The lower pole suffers from reflex and hypertrophy

The upper pole suffers from obstruction because of a ureterocele

What term is used to describe dilation of the ureter as it enters the bladder? Hydroureter Urachus Ureterocele Vesicoureteral obstruction

Ureterocele

Whats the most common location for a kidney stone to become lodged? Uteropelvic junction Midureter Urethra Ureterovesicular junction

Ureterovesicular junction


Ensembles d'études connexes

MIS: Final Exam - Ch 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20

View Set

Chapter 18: Care of the School Age Child

View Set

Physical Science Chapter 4 Work and Energy Midterm 10/14/19

View Set

Catcher in the Rye - Chapter 4-6

View Set

Unit 7: Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Memory and Cognition

View Set