Afzal NBE - Anatomy

Choose the correct path that spermatozoa would take as it leaves the testes: 1-Epididymis, 2-Urethra, 3-Vas deferens, 4-Ejaculatory duct a. 1, 3, 4, 2 b. 3, 4, 2, 1 c. 2, 1, 3, 4 d. 4, 2, 1, 3

a. 1, 3, 4, 2

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the stomach wall that the trocar must pass through when inserted into the stomach? 1-Muscularis, 2-Serosa, 3-Mucosa, 4-Submucosa: a. 3, 4, 1, 2 b. 1, 3, 2, 4 c. 2, 1, 4, 3 d. 4, 3, 2, 1

a. 3, 4, 1, 2

If the patient died of ulcerative colitis, it is prudent to pack which orifice? a. Oral b. Anal c. Cardiac d. Atrioventricular

b. Anal

The study of the circulatory system is also known as: a. Histology b. Angiology c. Psychology d. Neurology

b. Angiology

The seventh vertebrae in the neck region are called : a. Sacral b. Cervical c. Thoracic d. Lumbar

b. Cervical

A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some more deeply-lying structure is the: a. Anatomical limit b. Linear guide c. Anatomical guide d. Anatomical position

b. Linear guide

What artery is a continuation of the femoral artery ? a. Internal iliac b. Popliteal c. External iliac d. Deep femoral

b. Popliteal

All of the following are lower extremity muscles, except the: a. Biceps femoris b. Psoas major c. Sartorius d. Gastrocnemius

b. Psoas major

Which of the following muscles is found in the lowest extremity ? a. lliopsoas b. Sartorius c. Deltoid d. Teres major

b. Sartorius

Which one of the following is a term used to refer to the digestive tract? a. Ileum b. Gut c. Alimentary canal d. Accessory organ system

c. Alimentary canal The digestive system is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the entire body. Food passes through a long tube inside the body known as the alimentary canal or the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) The whole passage along which food passes through the body from mouth to anus. It includes the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

The union of two arteries is called: a. Aneurysm b. Common c. Anastomoses d. Bilbous

c. Anastomoses

Points of origin and termination in relation to adjacent structures refer to: a. Linear guides using anatomical limits b. Anatomical guides c. Anatomical limits d. Linear guides

c. Anatomical limits

The two divisions of the skeleton are: a. Medial and lateral b. Median and lateral c. Axial and appendicular d. Superior and inferior

c. Axial and appendicular

The first and shortest part of the small intestine is the: a. Ileum b. Cecum c. Duodenum d. Jejunum

c. Duodenum

Which of the following is considered a cranial bone? a. Zygomatic b. Vomer c. Ethmoid d. Maxilla

c. Ethmoid a square bone at the root of the nose, forming part of the cranium, and having many perforations through which the olfactory nerves pass to the nose.

Respiration is broadly divided into which of the following two areas ? a. General and local b. Superior and inferior c. External and internal d. Oxidation and reduction

c. External and internal

Which portion of the stomach is the most superior? a. Body b. Lesser curvature c. Fundus d. Pyloric sphincter

c. Fundus

The ovarian follicle is also known as: a. Fallopian follicle b. Ampulla c. Graafian follicle d. Vas deferens

c. Graafian follicle

Glands which carry both endocrine and exocrine functions are referred to as: a. Monocrine b. Diocrine c. Heterocrine d. Thyocrine

c. Heterocrine

The galea aponeurotica is the tendon for which one of the following muscles? a. Deltoid b. Sternocleidomastoid c. Occipitofrontalis d. Corocobrachialis

c. Occipitofrontalis

Possible consequences of a thrombus include: 1-Passive hyperemia, 2-Dehydration, 3-Ischemia, 4-Physiological active hyperemia a. 3 and 4 b. 1 and 2 c. 2 and 4 d. 1 and 3

d. 1 and 3 - Ischemia, also spelled as ischaemia or ischæmia is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen and glucose needed for cellular

Which of the following has a direct connection to the cerebral arterial circle? 1-Posterior cerebral, 2-Common carotid, 3-Internal carotid, 4-Vertebral a. 2 and 4 only b. 1 and 2 only c. 3 and 4 only d. 1 and 3 only

d. 1 and 3 only

Which of the following returns blood to the right atrium : 1-Coronary Sinus, 2-Superior vena cava, 3-Carotid sinus, 4-Inferior vena cava a. 1, 2 and 3 only b. 1, 3 and 4 only c. 2, 3 and 4 only d. 1, 2 and 4 only

d. 1, 2 and 4 only

While injecting the right common carotid artery of an autopsied body, the practitioner noticed that fluid is not distributing well to the face. Extravascular discolorations are not being removed from the face, and embalming fluid is pooling in the occipital region. Which of the following is true? 1-The percent solution of embalming fluid is too high, 2-The practitioner failed to clamp the internal carotid arteries, 3-Extravascular discoloration's cannot be removed through arterial injection, 4-The practitioner failed to clamp the vertebral arteries. a. 3 and 4 only b. 1 and 4 only c. 1 and 2 only d. 2 and 4 only

d. 2 and 4 only

Which of the following lists the blood vessels in the order that an erythrocyte passes as it leaves the heart, travels to a tissue, and returns to the heart ? 1-Arteriole, 2-Capillary, 3-Venule, 4-Artery a. 1, 2, 4, 3 b. 4, 3, 2, 1 c. 1, 2, 3, 4 d. 4, 1, 2, 3

d. 4, 1, 2, 3 Artery Arteriole Capillary Venule

Failure of fluid distribution to the area below the elbow would indicate a possible blockage of which of the following arteries: a. Subclavian b. Axillary c. Popliteal d. Brachial

d. Brachial

A practitioner analyzes remains where tissue has been harvested from the anterior portion of both thighs. The best treatment would be which of the following? a. Normal embalming b. Drying powders followed by application of cosmetics c. Hypodermic treatment of the thigh area d. Cauterization with phenol, cavity packs, or embalming gel packs

d. Cauterization with phenol, cavity packs, or embalming gel packs

After massaging and manipulating the arm, the practitioner realizes that embalming fluid is not distributing to the right forearm. The practitioner should: a. Inject through the deep palmar arch b. Raise the brachiocephalic artery c. Drain through the saphenous d. Inject through the brachial artery

d. Inject through the brachial artery

After blood passes the mitral valve, it will be in the: a. Right atrium b. Right ventricle c. Left atrium d. Left ventricle

d. Left ventricle

In relation to the lungs, the heart is: a. Lateral b. Inferior c. Superior d. Medial

d. Medial

The foramen magnum is located on what bone? a. Parietal b. Frontal c. Temporal d. Occipital

d. Occipital

The study of neoplasms or tumors is called: a. Physiology b. Necrobiology c. Plasmology d. Oncology

d. Oncology

What gland is NOT part of the endocrine system? a. Adrenal b. Pituitary c. Thyroid d. Prostate

d. Prostate The endocrine system is the collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things

The artery which supplies arterial solution directly into the thumb side of the hand is called: a. Axillary b. Ulnar c. Femoral d. Radial

d. Radial

To embalm the upper extremities of an autopsied body, the practitioner should inject which of the following arteries? a. Thyrocervical trunk b. Common carotid c. Common iliac d. Subclavian

d. Subclavian

Which of the following bones are located within the cranium ? a. Zygomatic b. Maxilla c. Nasal d. Temporal

d. Temporal

The cardiac sphincter would be associated with the: a. Small intestine b. Stomach c. Pharynx d. Liver

b. Stomach The cardiac sphincter, also referred to as the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), is a valve found in the esophagus, the tube responsible for transporting foods and liquids to the stomach from the mouth. This particular valve is located just between the bottom of the esophagus and the stomach. A sphincter is a specialized type of muscle with an opening that relaxes and contracts, allowing this muscular valve to open and close as necessary.

While embalming a skin donor, the practitioner notices fluid leaking from the areas of the body where the skin was procured. Fluid leaks from these areas are because: a. The blood vessels are located superficially to the epidermis b. The dermis was exposed during the procurement of skin c. Hair follicles continue to grow after death d. Sebaceous glands produce sebum during the procurement of skin

b. The dermis was exposed during the procurement of skin

Which one of the following is a hollow organ situated in the pelvic cavity posterior to the symphysis pubis? a. Heart b. Urinary bladder c. Kidney d. Gallbladder

b. Urinary bladder The urinary bladder is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys before disposal by urination. A hollow muscular, and distensible (or elastic) organ, the bladder sits on the pelvic floor. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra

Which of the following lists the parts in order that food passes through from the stomach to the small intestine: a. ileum, jejunum, duodenum b. duodenum, jejunum. ileum c. jejunum, duodenum, ileum d. duodenum, ileum, jejunum

b. duodenum, jejunum. ileum

Which of the following are included in treating the cavity of a deceased body? 1-Injecting cavity fluids, 2-Aspirating the thoracic and abdominal cavities, 3-Choosing the correct arterial-fluids, 4-Selecting the correct site of entry a. 1, 2 and 3 only b. 2, 3 and 4 only c. 1, 2 and 4 only d. 1, 3 and 4 only

c. 1, 2 and 4 only

An examination for early signs of death includes which of the following? 1-Digital pressure for carotid pulse and light test for pupillary response, 2-Ligature test for circulation and mirror test for respiration, 3-Checks for agonal dehydration and rigor mortis, 4-Observations of the eyes for clouding and flattening of the cornea. a. 1, 2 and 3 only b. 1, 2 and 4 only c. 1, 3 and 4 only d. 2, 3 and 4 only

c. 1, 3 and 4 only

The portion of the colon that is located on the right side of the body is which of the following: a. Ascending b. Transverse c. Sigmoid d. Descending

a. Ascending - The colon is also called the large intestine. The ileum (last part of the small intestine) connects to the cecum (first part of the colon) in the lower right abdomen. The rest of the colon is divided into four parts: • The ascending colon travels up the right side of the abdomen. • The transverse colon runs across the abdomen. • The descending colon travels down the left abdomen. • The sigmoid colon is a short curving of the colon, just before the rectum. The colon removes water, salt, and some nutrients forming stool. Muscles line the colon's walls, squeezing its contents along. Billions of bacteria coat the colon and its contents, living in a healthy balance with the body.

Which of the following joints permits the most rotation? a. Ball and socket b. Condyloid c. Hinge d. Gliding

a. Ball and socket

In relation to femoral artery, femoral vein is: a. Medial b. Lateral c. Superficial d. Deep

a. Medial

What cavity would the tip of the trocar be placed in to aspirate the urinary bladder? a. Pelvic b. Abdominal c. Pleural d. Pericardial

a. Pelvic

What artery might you raise to inject the upper extremity below the cubital fossa? a. Radial b. Popliteal c. Subclavian d. Axillary

a. Radial

LAST EXAM - The buccinator muscle is also referred to as the: a. Trumpeters muscle b. Laughing muscle c. Frown muscle d. Smile muscle

a. Trumpeters muscle

The deceased has been in a prone position that has allowed lividity to develop in the face. If the practitioner utilized a restricted cervical injection and is injecting the body separate from the head, embalming fluid may be distributed to the areas of the face because: a. Of over manipulation of the head during the removal of the deceased. b. The cephalic artery leads to the head c. Of collateral circulation through the vertebral arteries d. Lividity is an intravascular discoloration

c. Of collateral circulation through the vertebral arteries Lividity also displays itself as a dark purple/bluish discoloration of the body and can also be referred to as Livor Mortis or Post Mortem Hypostasis.

After birth, red blood cells are created by the: a. Spleen b. Liver c. Red bone marrow d. Yellow bone marrow

c. Red bone marrow SPLEEN: The spleen is an organ found in almost all vertebrate animals. It mainly acts as a filter for purifying the blood, removing microbes and worn out or damaged red blood cells. It is also an important organ in the immune system, producing the white blood cells that fight infection and synthesize antibodies. LIVER: The liver filters and processes blood as it circulates through the body. It metabolizes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, makes blood clotting proteins, and performs many other vital functions. The cells in the liver contain proteins called enzymes that drive these chemical reactions. RED/YELLOW BONE MARROW: There are two types of bone marrow: red marrow (also known as myeloid tissue) and yellow marrow. Red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some white blood cells develop in yellow marrow. The color of yellow marrow is due to the much higher number of fat cells.

A malignant tumor derived principally from connective tissue is a: a. Leukemia. b. Myoma. c. Sarcoma. d. Carcinoma.

c. Sarcoma.

The anatomical guide that lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle describes the: a. Radial bone b. Radial artery c. Ulnar artery d. Ulnar bone

c. Ulnar artery