American Red Cross BLS Provider

An infant has an obstructed airway and back blows have been ineffective. You attempt chest thrusts. To about which depth would you perform the chest thrusts? -¼ inch -½ inch -1 inch -1½ inches

1½ inches

While orienting a new medical assistant to the facility, you find a patient who is unresponsive in the exam room. You yell to the medical assistant, "Go get the AED!" Which response by the medical assistant demonstrates closed-loop communication? -"I'll call 9-1-1." -"OK." -"I'll go get the AED." -"Begin CPR, I'll gather the equipment."

"I'll go get the AED."

The BLS team is caring for a patient who just went into cardiac arrest. The team leader asks you to call the code team. Which statement demonstrates appropriate closed-loop communication? -"Got it. I will do that as soon as possible." -"Got it. Do you need me to do anything else?" -"Got it. I will also retrieve an AED." -"Got it. I'll call the code team."

-"Got it. Do you need me to do anything else?" [Wrong] ~"Got it. I'll call the code team."

A 4-year-old child is in respiratory failure. Her central pulse rate is 65 bpm. Which of the following actions are appropriate? -Deliver 1 ventilation every 6 seconds -Start CPR immediately -Deliver 1 ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds -Check the pulse and breathing about every 2 minutes

-Deliver 1 ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds -Check the pulse and breathing about every 2 minutes

What is the first step of the In-Hospital Pediatric Cardiac Chain of Survival? -Surveillance and prevention -Recognition of cardiac emergency and activation of emergency response system -Pediatric advanced life support -Early high-quality CPR

Surveillance and prevention

You are providing care for Mrs. Bove, who has an endotracheal tube in place. How does this affect compressions and ventilations? -The team should provide compressions and ventilations at a ratio of 30:2. -The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions. -The team should provide compressions and ventilations at a ratio of 15:1. -The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 10 seconds without pausing compressions.

The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions.

The team leader assigns roles, supports the team, monitors the delivery of CPR and makes adjustments in real time. The team members deliver expert care within their assigned roles, assist others as needed (as long as they can maintain their own assigned responsibilities) and communicate effectively with the team leader and each other. True or false?

True

When providing CPR to a child or infant with an advanced airway in place, one provider should deliver 1 ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds, while the other provider delivers continuous chest compressions without pausing for ventilations. True or false? -True -False

True

After determining an 8-year-old child is unresponsive, what is the best site to check for a pulse?

Carotid (Side of Neck)

Acting as the team leader during a resuscitation event, you use all available resources (including people, equipment and procedures) to promote effective and efficient teamwork and reduce the likelihood of human error. You are demonstrating which skill? -Crew resource management -Role modeling -Conflict resolution -Adaptability

Crew resource management

An infant has an obstructed airway but is responsive. Which technique should you use when administering back blows to the infant? -Heel of the hand between the scapulae -Palm of the hand just above the scapulae -Fisted hand just below the scapulae -Two thumbs between the scapulae

Heel of the hand between the scapulae

You initiate CPR on an 11-year-old patient who shows signs of puberty, including breast development. Which CPR/AED guideline should you follow? -Adult -Infant -Child

Adult

You and two nurses have been performing CPR on a 72-year-old patient, Ben Phillips. When Mr. Phillips shows signs of ROSC, where should you perform the pulse check? -At the carotid or radial artery -At the femoral or brachial artery -At the carotid or femoral artery -At the carotid or brachial artery

At the carotid or femoral artery

You suspect that an unresponsive patient has sustained a neck injury. Which technique should you use to open the patient's airway? -An oropharyngeal airway -Modified jaw-thrust maneuver -A nasopharyngeal airway -Head-tilt/chin-lift technique

Modified jaw-thrust maneuver

After performing a rapid assessment on an adult patient, you determine that they are not breathing, their central pulse is absent and they have no life-threatening bleeding. You recognize that the patient is experiencing: -Cardiac arrest -Myocardial infarction (MI) -Respiratory arrest -Shock

-Cardiac arrest

You are working as part of a high-performance BLS team. Which roles would you and the other providers most likely fill? -Environmental technologist -Compressor -Team leader -Communications specialist -Airway manager/ventilator -AED operator

-Compressor -Team leader -Airway manager/ventilator -AED operator

You arrive with an AED and prepare to apply the pads while the BLS team continues to provide CPR. You apply the pads using the anterior/lateral pad placement. -Center of the patient's chest on the sternum -Center of the patient's abdomen just below the navel -Patient's lower right chest along the midaxillary line, a few inches below the right armpit -Patient's upper left chest, below the left clavicle to the left of the sternum -Patient's upper right chest, below the right clavicle to the right of the sternum -Patient's lower left chest along the midaxillary line, a few inches below the left armpit

-Patient's upper right chest, below the right clavicle to the right of the sternum -Patient's lower left chest along the midaxillary line, a few inches below the left armpit

You are preparing to deliver ventilations to an adult patient experiencing respiratory arrest. You should give 1 ventilation every: -10 seconds -8 seconds -6 seconds -4 seconds

6 seconds

Which statement about bag-valve-mask (BVM) resuscitators is true? -Supplemental oxygen should not be attached to the BVM. -The BVM should extend past the patient's chin when it is properly placed. -The bag should be depressed completely to deliver a volume of 1,000 to 2,000 mL oxygen. -A two-person technique is the preferred methodology for bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilations as it provides better seal and ventilation volume.

A two-person technique is the preferred methodology for bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilations as it provides better seal and ventilation volume.

A 5-year-old child experiences cardiac arrest and requires CPR. You ensure that high-quality CPR is administered when you compress the chest to which depth? -About 2 inches -About 1 inch -At least 2 inches -About ½ inch

~About 2 inches -About 1 inch [Wrong]

What is the correct rate of ventilation delivery for a child or infant in respiratory arrest or failure? -1 ventilation every 5 to 6 seconds -1 ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds -1 ventilation every 8 to 10 seconds -1 ventilation every 10 to 12 seconds

1 ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds

You are alone performing high-quality CPR when a second provider arrives to take over compressions. When switching roles, you should minimize interruptions in chest compressions to less than how many seconds? -5 seconds -10 seconds -15 seconds -20 seconds

10 seconds

A 7-year-old patient goes into sudden cardiac arrest. You initiate CPR and correctly perform chest compressions at which rate? -At least 60 compressions per minute -80 to 100 compressions per minute -100 to 120 compressions per minute -Over 120 compressions per minute

100 to 120 compressions per minute

You and your colleagues are performing CPR on a 6-year-old child. What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio during multiple-provider CPR? -15:1 -30:1 -30:2 -15:2

15:2

A well-organized team response when performing high-quality CPR includes ensuring that providers switch off performing compressions every _____ minutes. -2 -4 -5 -10

2

You perform a rapid assessment and determine that your patient is experiencing cardiac arrest. On the basis of your assessment findings, you begin CPR to improve the patient's chances of survival. Which term refers to clearly and rationally identifying the connection between information and actions? -Communication -Critical thinking -Problem solving -Teamwork

Critical thinking

The nurse assesses a responsive adult and determines she is choking. Which intervention should the nurse implement? -Continuous back blows -CPR making sure to look in the mouth for an object between compressions and ventilations -Cycles of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts -Continuous abdominal thrusts

Cycles of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts

You would use pediatric AED pads for which children? -10-year-old weighing 85 lbs -7-year-old weighing 75 lbs -5-year-old weighing 43 lbs -12-year-old weighing 95 lbs -2-year-old weighing 27 lbs

-5-year-old weighing 43 lbs -2-year-old weighing 27 lbs

After providing initial care, which actions must you implement? -Reassess the patient and the effectiveness of your interventions to determine the next steps. -Apply another appropriate care measure for the initial presenting problem or a new problem. -Document to establish a record of the events that took place, the care you provided and the facts you discovered. -All of the above.

-All of the above.

You are alone and caring for a 9-month-old infant with an obstructed airway who becomes unresponsive. Which action should you perform first? -Provide 5 back blows. -Look in the mouth for the object, and remove it with your pinky if you can see it. -Provide 30 chest compressions. -Check for breathing and a pulse.

Provide 30 chest compressions.

You are working in an OB/GYN office when your patient, Mrs. Tribble, suddenly goes into cardiac arrest. She is 28 weeks pregnant and her fundus is above the umbilicus. Which statement is true regarding CPR and AED use for a pregnant patient? -AED use is contraindicated in pregnant patients because the shock from an AED and chest compressions will harm the infant. -Providers should perform high-quality CPR and continuous left uterine displacement (LUD) until the infant is delivered, even if ROSC is achieved. -The pregnant patient should be placed on her left side during CPR to improve blood flow to the heart and therefore to the infant. -Resuscitative cesarean delivery (RCD) should be performed as soon as possible after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

Providers should perform high-quality CPR and continuous left uterine displacement (LUD) until the infant is delivered, even if ROSC is achieved.

The code team has arrived to take over resuscitative efforts. Among the members of the BLS team, whose role is it to communicate to the code team the patient's status and the care already provided? -Compressor -Team leader -Timer/recorder -The most senior-level team member

Team leader

You and another provider are performing CPR on a 6-month old infant. The provider performing chest compressions would use which technique? -Encircling thumbs technique -Two-finger technique -Two-hand technique

~Encircling thumbs technique -Two-finger technique [Wrong]

You should perform early assessment for life-threatening bleeding during the initial impression and the breathing and pulse check. True or false? -True -False

True

You come upon a child who has collapsed. You determine they are in cardiac arrest. You are alone and have no immediate access to a phone or other form of communication. Which action would you do first? -Perform about 2 minutes of CPR, starting with chest compressions. -Deliver 2 initial ventilations followed by 30 chest compressions. -Place the child in a recovery position and leave them to activate the resuscitation team. -Carry the child out to an area where there is a phone or additional providers to assist.

~Perform about 2 minutes of CPR, starting with chest compressions. -Deliver 2 initial ventilations followed by 30 chest compressions. [Wrong]

You have determined that your patient is unresponsive. What steps of the rapid assessment should you do next? -Simultaneously check breathing and a pulse for no more than 10 seconds. -Quickly scan down the body looking for blood or other signs and symptoms that might not have been seen during the initial impression. -Deliver 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. -Begin CPR immediately. -Place the patient in a recovery position and monitor them until EMS arrives.

-Simultaneously check breathing and a pulse for no more than 10 seconds. -Quickly scan down the body looking for blood or other signs and symptoms that might not have been seen during the initial impression.

You have been performing multiple-provider CPR and using an AED on an adult patient in cardiac arrest. The patient is now showing signs of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Which action(s) would the team perform? -Continue compressions for another minute. -Stop CPR/AED. -Check for breathing and a carotid or femoral pulse. -Give 2 ventilations. -Remove the AED pads. -Monitor the patient until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over.

-Stop CPR/AED. -Check for breathing and a carotid or femoral pulse. -Monitor the patient until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over.

An adult patient with an endotracheal tube (ET) in place experiences cardiac arrest and requires CPR. Which of the following statements are true when performing high-quality CPR with an ET tube in place? -The providers deliver 20 ventilations per minute. -The providers remove the ET tube before delivering ventilations. -The providers perform compressions at one-half the usual rate. -The providers perform continuous compressions without pausing for ventilations. -The providers deliver 1 ventilation every 6 seconds.

-The providers perform continuous compressions without pausing for ventilations. -The providers deliver 1 ventilation every 6 seconds.

You demonstrate high-quality CPR by keeping interruptions in CPR to less than _____ seconds.

10

You and another provider are performing CPR on an infant who is in cardiac arrest. He does not have an advanced airway in place. You demonstrate appropriate technique for high-quality CPR by performing _____ compressions and 2 ventilations.

15

After immediately initiating the emergency response system, what is the next link in the Adult In-Hospital Cardiac Chain of Survival? -Injury prevention and safety -Integrated post-cardiac arrest care -Early defibrillation -Early high-quality CPR

Early high-quality CPR

You enter Ms. Evers's room and notice she is slumped over in her chair and appears unresponsive and cyanotic. You do not see signs of life-threatening bleeding. Which is the next appropriate action? -Simultaneously check breathing, a pulse and life-threatening bleeding. -Check for responsiveness. -Perform abdominal thrusts. -Open the airway.

Check for responsiveness.

For most infants and children up to the age of 17 years, you must obtain consent from the child's parent or legal guardian if they are present regardless of the child's level of consciousness. True or false? -True -False

True

The BLS team is caring for a patient in respiratory arrest. As directed by the team leader, you go into the waiting room to speak to the family or others who may be present. Which statement best demonstrates good communication skills by the team member? -"I'm going to give you all the information I have quickly because I need to get back, but if you have any follow-up questions, you can ask the doctor when the doctor is available." -"His condition has not improved; I'll give you all the information I can and if you need to me to re-explain anything, please let me know." -"We are doing all we can for him, and I'm sure that he is going to get better soon." -"My shift is almost over. Another team member will come speak with you as soon as they can so you can get the latest information on your loved one's condition."

"His condition has not improved; I'll give you all the information I can and if you need to me to re-explain anything, please let me know."

A 9-year-old child is in cardiac arrest. You and another provider are present. The child's parents/legal guardians are not present. You stay with the child to begin CPR. Which actions would be appropriate for the second provider to do? -Stay with the provider and continue assessing the child. -Assist with CPR for 2 minutes before leaving to get additional resources. -Activate EMS, rapid response or resuscitation team. -Call a parent/legal guardian to obtain consent. -Retrieve AED and resuscitation equipment.

-Activate EMS, rapid response or resuscitation team. -Retrieve AED and resuscitation equipment.

You and another provider have recognized that an adult patient is in cardiac arrest. An advanced airway is not in place. Which actions demonstrate appropriate care? -Use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2. -Begin CPR immediately after identifying cardiac arrest. -Switch positions every 5 minutes to minimize provider fatigue. -Provide continuous compressions without pausing for ventilations. -Use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2.

-Use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2. -Begin CPR immediately after identifying cardiac arrest.

Which statement(s) are true about your duty to act? -When a patient experiences a life-threatening emergency in your practice setting, you have a duty to act. -Although a duty to act may not always exist outside your practice setting, being prepared and willing to respond is essential. -Failure to fulfill your duty to act within your practice setting cannot result in legal action. -Your facility's specific protocols and your scope of practice may determine your appropriate actions.

-When a patient experiences a life-threatening emergency in your practice setting, you have a duty to act. -Although a duty to act may not always exist outside your practice setting, being prepared and willing to respond is essential. -Your facility's specific protocols and your scope of practice may determine your appropriate actions.

You have assessed your patient and recognized that they are in cardiac arrest. You should begin CPR __________. -Within 10 seconds -When the AED arrives -Within 20 seconds -Immediately

-Within 10 seconds [Wrong] ~Immediately

A young adult is brought into the emergency department by his mother. He is responsive but experiencing an altered level of consciousness with risk of progressing to a life-threatening condition due to an opioid overdose. Immediate care for this patient includes: -Consider naloxone administration. -Start CPR immediately. -Deliver 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. -Refer patient to a mental health provider.

Consider naloxone administration.

Your adult patient is in respiratory arrest due to an opioid overdose. The team is delivering 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. You administered the recommended dose of naloxone. How often may this dose be repeated? -Every 7 to 9 minutes as needed -Every 10 to 15 minutes as needed -Every 2 to 3 minutes as needed -Every 4 to 6 minutes as needed

Every 2 to 3 minutes as needed

Your adult patient is in respiratory arrest due to an opioid overdose. The team is delivering 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. You administered the recommended dose of naloxone. How often may this dose be repeated? -Every 4 to 6 minutes as needed. -Every 10 to 15 minutes as needed. -Every 7 to 9 minutes as needed. -Every 2 to 3 minutes as needed.

Every 2 to 3 minutes as needed.

You are alone caring for a 4-month-old infant who has gone into cardiac arrest. Which is the most effective CPR technique to perform until help arrives? -Standing or kneeling at the side of the infant with your hips at a slight angle, provide chest compressions using the encircling thumbs technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield. -Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the two-hand technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield. -Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the two-finger technique and deliver ventilations with a BVM. -Standing to the side of the infant, provide hands-only CPR.

Standing or kneeling at the side of the infant with your hips at a slight angle, provide chest compressions using the encircling thumbs technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield.

You are part of a team providing BLS care to a patient in cardiac arrest. The code team has been notified and has just arrived on the scene. Which person is responsible for communicating information about the patient's status to the code team? -No one. The code team needs to do their initial assessment -The team member who is asked questions by the code team -The first team member to volunteer this information -The person who is acting as the team leader

The person who is acting as the team leader

When caring for a patient in cardiac arrest due to opioid overdose, you should prioritize high-quality CPR over naloxone administration. True or false? -True -False

True

When drowning is suspected as the cause of cardiac arrest in a child or infant, deliver 2 initial ventilations before starting CPR. You may also consider delivering 2 initial ventilations before starting CPR on a child or infant with a primary respiratory etiology. True or False? -True -False

True

You are providing high-quality CPR on a 6-year-old patient who weighs 44 pounds. The AED arrives. It does not have a pediatric setting and includes only adult AED pads. What should you do? -Use only one adult AED pad. -Use the adult AED pads. -Use adult pads but cut them to make them smaller. -Do not use the AED until child pads are available.

Use the adult AED pads.

You are caring for a pregnant patient (30 weeks gestation) in cardiac arrest. The patient's fundus is above the umbilicus. Which of the following steps are appropriate? -Activate maternal and neonatal resuscitation teams. -Provide continuous high-quality CPR and left uterine displacement. -Make sure AED pads do not incorporate any breast tissue. -Apply fetal monitors to properly assess fetal status. -Place the patient in the left lateral decubitus position and perform high-quality CPR. -Perform resuscitative cesarean delivery (RCD), if trained, within 5 minutes from the time of arrest.

-Activate maternal and neonatal resuscitation teams. -Provide continuous high-quality CPR and left uterine displacement. -Make sure AED pads do not incorporate any breast tissue. -Perform resuscitative cesarean delivery (RCD), if trained, within 5 minutes from the time of arrest.

An adult patient with a suspected opioid overdose is in respiratory arrest. Which of the following actions are most appropriate? -Administer naloxone, if your facility's protocol allows. -Begin CPR immediately. -Provide 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. -Check the pulse and breathing about every 2 minutes. -As soon as available, use an AED.

-Administer naloxone, if your facility's protocol allows. -Provide 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. -Check the pulse and breathing about every 2 minutes.

You are working with a BLS team performing CPR on a 62-year-old female patient. Which actions demonstrate high-quality CPR? -Compress the chest to a depth of about 1½ inches. -Allow for full chest recoil after each compression. -Interrupt chest compressions as needed to frequently assess the patient. -Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute. -Deliver smooth ventilations that last about 1 second each and make the chest begin to rise.

-Allow for full chest recoil after each compression. -Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute. -Deliver smooth ventilations that last about 1 second each and make the chest begin to rise.

A child with an obstructed airway becomes unresponsive. Which action would be most appropriate to do first? -Gently lower the child to the ground, open their mouth and look for the object; if seen remove it with a finger sweep. -Attempt a series of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts. -Gently lower the child to the ground and immediately begin CPR, starting with chest compressions. -Place the child in the side-lying recovery position.

-Attempt a series of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts. [Wrong] ~Gently lower the child to the ground and immediately begin CPR, starting with chest compressions.

After determining an adult patient is unresponsive, what is the best site to check for a pulse? -Brachial artery -Radial artery -Posterior tibial artery -Carotid artery

-Carotid artery

An adult in the waiting room has collapsed to the floor. During your visual survey, you determine that the scene is safe, the patient appears unresponsive and they do not appear to have life-threatening bleeding. What is your next step? -Check for breathing, a pulse and life-threatening bleeding. -Start CPR immediately. -Open the airway. -Check for responsiveness.

-Check for responsiveness.

You enter an adult patient's room to provide routine care. Noticing the patient slumped over in the recliner, you perform a quick visual survey. This includes which of the following actions? -Checking for life-threatening bleeding -Reviewing the patient chart -Observing the time of the emergency event -Determining the need for additional resources -Obtaining an initial impression of the patient

-Checking for life-threatening bleeding -Determining the need for additional resources -Obtaining an initial impression of the patient

After participating in a resuscitation event in which a pediatric patient did not survive, you are feeling very stressed and having difficulty with daily activities. What is the recommended action to help you cope with the stress? -Debrief with your co-workers to identify changes that could be made to improve future outcomes -Speak to your supervisor about your feelings -Take some time off to alleviate your stress -Consider a referral to a qualified mental health professional

-Debrief with your co-workers to identify changes that could be made to improve future outcomes [Wrong] ~Consider a referral to a qualified mental health professional

You are caring for a child who is in respiratory arrest with a central pulse of 55 bpm and signs of poor perfusion. What should you do? -Deliver 1 ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds until the child is ventilating sufficiently. -Start CPR immediately. -Perform a secondary assessment. -Place the child in the recovery position and monitor them until the rapid response team arrives.

-Deliver 1 ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds until the child is ventilating sufficiently. [Wrong] ~Start CPR immediately.

You are providing care for an adult patient in respiratory arrest. Which actions demonstrate appropriate care? -Start CPR immediately. -Deliver 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. -Deliver 2 ventilations each lasting about 1 second. -Continue to check breathing and pulse every 2 minutes. If pulse becomes absent, start CPR. -Use an AED as soon as it is available.

-Deliver 1 ventilation every 6 seconds. -Continue to check breathing and pulse every 2 minutes. If pulse becomes absent, start CPR.

You and another provider are delivering ventilations with a bag-valve-mask (BVM) resuscitator to an adult patient in cardiac arrest. Which of the following statements are correct? -Ensure that the chest begins to rise. -Hold the mask in place with the E-C hand position. -Seal the mask and open the airway by lifting the jaw into the mask. -Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilations should be performed as a two-person technique to provide a better seal and ventilation volume. -Maintain an open airway in a neutral position.

-Ensure that the chest begins to rise. -Hold the mask in place with the E-C hand position. -Seal the mask and open the airway by lifting the jaw into the mask. -Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilations should be performed as a two-person technique to provide a better seal and ventilation volume.

You are evaluating the quality of CPR provided by the BLS team. Which methods could you use for this evaluation? -Feedback device -Arterial blood gas levels -Capnography -Chest compression fraction -Visual observation

-Feedback device -Capnography -Chest compression fraction -Visual observation

An adult patient becomes unresponsive while you are attempting to clear their obstructed airway. After gently lowering them to the ground and providing 30 compressions, you open the patient's mouth and look for an object. If you do not see the object, which action should you attempt next? -Finger sweep -30 compressions -2 ventilations -1 ventilation every 6 seconds.

-Finger sweep [Wrong] ~2 ventilations

Identify the situations in which it is safe to use an AED. -If the patient is near flammable or combustible materials, such as free flowing oxygen -If the patient is pregnant, providing the AED pads do not incorporate any breast tissue -If the patient has a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), providing the AED pads are not placed directly over the device -If the patient is lying in a large puddle of water -If the patient is wearing jewelry or has body piercings, providing the AED pads are not placed directly over any metallic jewelry or piercings -If the patient is lying on a metal surface, providing the AED pads do not touch the surface and no one is touching the patient during shock

-If the patient is pregnant, providing the AED pads do not incorporate any breast tissue -If the patient has a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), providing the AED pads are not placed directly over the device -If the patient is wearing jewelry or has body piercings, providing the AED pads are not placed directly over any metallic jewelry or piercings -If the patient is lying on a metal surface, providing the AED pads do not touch the surface and no one is touching the patient during shock

You initiate CPR on a 15-month-old patient. Which CPR/AED guideline should you follow? -Adult -Infant -Child

-Infant [Wrong] ~Child

An adult patient is unresponsive. You have opened their airway and are simultaneously checking for breathing and a pulse. To check for breathing, which actions are appropriate to do? -Listen for escaping air. -Open the patient's mouth and look for an object. -Feel for breathing against your hand on their chest. -Look to see whether the chest rises and falls. -Feel for breathing against the side of your cheek.

-Listen for escaping air. -Look to see whether the chest rises and falls. -Feel for breathing against the side of your cheek.

After performing a rapid assessment on an adult patient, you determine that they have ineffective ventilation and a central pulse. You recognize that the patient is experiencing: -Obstructed airway -Cardiac arrest -Shock -Respiratory failure

-Obstructed airway [Wrong] ~Cardiac arrest

You are performing CPR on an infant. A second provider prepares to apply the AED pads. Where should they place the pads? -On the back between the scapulae -Abdomen, 2 inches above the umbilicus -Middle of the infant's chest on the sternum -Right side of the chest, below the nipple -Left shoulder, above the clavicle

-On the back between the scapulae -Middle of the infant's chest on the sternum

After performing a rapid assessment on an adult patient, you determine they are unresponsive, breathing and their pulse is present. You suspect they have a head and neck injury. What actions should you take? -Wait to activate EMS, the rapid response team or the resuscitation team until you have concluded your secondary assessment. -Perform primary assessment (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure) and emergent/initial interventions. -Place them in left lateral decubitus position. -Perform secondary assessment as patient condition allows. -Reassess patient, recognize issues and provide care as needed.

-Perform primary assessment (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure) and emergent/initial interventions. -Perform secondary assessment as patient condition allows. -Reassess patient, recognize issues and provide care as needed.

An adult patient suffers cardiac arrest in bed and requires CPR. When compressing the patient's chest, which technique promotes high-quality CPR? -Place your hands on the center of the patient's chest above the nipple line. -Place one hand on top of the other and interlace your fingers or hold them up so that they are not resting on the patient's chest. -Position yourself so your shoulders are directly over your hands. -Overlap your hands, slightly bend your elbows and use your arm muscles to compress the chest. -Place down a CPR board or activate the system in the bed to ensure a firm CPR surface. -Adjust the bed or use a secure step or stool so you are at an appropriate working height.

-Place one hand on top of the other and interlace your fingers or hold them up so that they are not resting on the patient's chest. -Position yourself so your shoulders are directly over your hands. -Place down a CPR board or activate the system in the bed to ensure a firm CPR surface. -Adjust the bed or use a secure step or stool so you are at an appropriate working height.

You are working as part of a BLS team, providing care to a patient in cardiac arrest. Which actions demonstrate critical thinking? -Delivering a shock when the AED prompts Re-evaluating the situation for changes, interpreting these changes and modifying patient care accordingly -Anticipating roles and functions as part of a team based on the patient's presentation and condition -Acting as a role model for other team members -Determining a course of action based on assessment findings

-Re-evaluating the situation for changes, interpreting these changes and modifying patient care accordingly -Anticipating roles and functions as part of a team based on the patient's presentation and condition -Determining a course of action based on assessment findings

You and a team of trained providers are performing CPR on an adult patient. One team member has gone to get additional resources and the AED. Which of the following statements are true about AED use? -Team members should rotate roles every 2 minutes, which is generally during the AED analysis, to prevent compressor fatigue. -When the AED arrives, the team should stop CPR to set up the AED and apply the pads. -The compressor should continue providing compressions until the AED pads are applied and the AED prompts that it is analyzing. -After the shock is delivered and the AED prompts shock delivered, the team should immediately resume CPR. -The AED operator and airway manager/ventilator should clear the patient while the AED analyzes, however the compressor should continue giving compressions until the AED prompts shock/no shock advised.

-Team members should rotate roles every 2 minutes, which is generally during the AED analysis, to prevent compressor fatigue. -The compressor should continue providing compressions until the AED pads are applied and the AED prompts that it is analyzing. -After the shock is delivered and the AED prompts shock delivered, the team should immediately resume CPR.

A patient is suspected of an opioid overdose. Which findings would most likely support this suspicion? -Unconsciousness -Hypotension -Respiratory depression -Rapid respirations -Pinpoint pupils

-Unconsciousness -Respiratory depression -Pinpoint pupils

The Cardiac Chain of Survival describes six actions that, when performed in rapid succession, increase the patient's likelihood of surviving sudden cardiac arrest. Place the links of the In-Hospital Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival in the correct order. -Surveillance and prevention -Integrated post-cardiac arrest care -Early high-quality CPR -Recovery -Recognition of cardiac emergency and activation of emergency response system -Early defibrillation

1. Surveillance and prevention 2. Recognition of cardiac emergency and activation of emergency response system 3. Early high-quality CPR 4. Early defibrillation 5. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care 6. Recovery

You are providing compressions on a 6-month-old who weighs 17 pounds. Which compression depth is appropriate for this patient? -About ½ inch -About 1 inch -About 1½ inches -About 2 inches

About 1½ inches

During a resuscitation, the team leader assigns team roles and tasks to each member. You recognize that a task has been overlooked. Which is the most appropriate action? -Take on the responsibility of the task, as long as you can maintain your own responsibilities. -Do the task you were assigned; wait for the team leader to realize what was overlooked. -Assign the overlooked task to another team member. -Alert the team leader immediately and identify for them what task has been overlooked.

Alert the team leader immediately and identify for them what task has been overlooked.

You are caring for for a 6-month-old infant who is unresponsive, breathing and has a pulse. What should you do? -Perform primary assessment (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure) and emergent/initial interventions. -Perform secondary assessment as patient condition allows. -Reassess patient, recognize issues and provide care as needed. -All of the above.

All of the above.

How is a child defined in terms of CPR/AED care? -Someone under the age of 1 -Someone from the age of 1 month to 8 years -Someone from the age of 1 to the onset of puberty -Someone from 1 to 18 years

Someone from the age of 1 to the onset of puberty

While on break in the cafeteria, a person sitting at a nearby table begins choking. The person looks panicked and frightened. You go over to help and note that the person is not able to breathe, speak or cough. You summon additional resources and obtain consent. Which action would you do next? -Open their mouth and look for an object; if seen remove it with a finger sweep. -Perform a series of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the person can cough forcefully, speak, or breathe; or they become unresponsive. -Tell the person to try coughing. -Gently lower them to the ground and begin CPR, starting with chest compressions.

~Perform a series of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the person can cough forcefully, speak, or breathe; or they become unresponsive. -Tell the person to try coughing. [Wrong]