Anatomy and Physiology I Ch 11

Choose the best answer to define the functions of the cranial nerves. 1. Which cranial nerve's primary function is balance and equilibrium? 2. Which one of the following is not a branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)? 3. A 43- year old male presents with a racing heartbeat and severe constipation. Which cranial nerve has been affected? 4. This branch of CN V carries only sensory fibers and innervates the eye. 5. This nerve moves the head and shoulders and innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.

1. Vestibulocohlear 2. Auditory 3. Vagus 4. Ophthalmic 5. Accessory

Blank 4 connects the brain and the spinal cord.

Medulla oblongata

Blank 3 relay station between cerebellum and cerebrum.

Pons

The gyrus, sulcus, and fissure are anatomical characteristics of the cerebrum. blank 1 helps increase the surface area of the brain. blank 2 would divide each cerebral hemisphere into lobes like frontal lobe and occipital lobe. blank 3 is a deep depression. One example of a fissure is the blank 4 fissure that helps divide the left and right hemisphere. blank 5 matter is composed of neuronal cell bodies.

1. Gyri 2. Sulci 3. Fissure 4. Longitudinal 5. Gray

The blank 1 is composed of mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Brainstem

Which area of the brain was damaged? 3. The doctor has been evaluating Chris for several weeks now because his daily work schedule changed, and he has trouble adjusting sleep-wake cycles. The doctor finally decides that taking some melatonin supplement would help him. 4. Her analysis revealed that she has low levels of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) being produced by her body. 5. Sudden death after falling off the horse and hitting the back of the neck

3. Pineal gland 4. Hypothalamus 5. Cerebellum

True or False 1. Cranial meninges are connective tissue layer that separates the brain tissue from the scalp 2. Dura mater is the toughest out the 3 meninges and contours every gyrus of cerebral cortex. 3. Arachnoid mater protects blood vessels that supply the brain 4. There is a potential space between the arachnoid and pia mater called the subarachnoid space that contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5. The meningeal layer is the part of the dura mater that covers the brain and extends into the vertebral canal

1. False 2. True 3. False 4. True 5. True

Which of the following cranial nerves does not innervate the eye?

Facial - CN VII

Choose the best answer to define the functions of the cranial nerves. 16. Lucy experienced a concussion recently and as a result, is gradually losing her eyesight. The doctor says this is because of the compression of a nerve. Which nerve (number) is being compressed? 17. These nerves move the eye in general. (number) 18. This is the longest nerve; it innervates the digestive system (number). 19. Which cranial nerve innervates muscles that help with facial expression? 20. What is the primary function of the abducens nerve?

16. CN II 17. CN III, CN IV, CN VI 18. CN X 19. Facial 20. Motor

The dendrites of the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum are located in the:

Purkinje cell layer

Match the words on right with the characteristics on left. 1. Large neurons that allow the conscious control of the skeletal muscle movement. 2. Area where we have the sensation of the skin, muscles, and joints. 3. Gustatory cortex is located inside. 4. Auditory and olfactory cortex are located here. 5. Related to conscious control of skeletal muscle, and trouble solving, reasoning and planning. 6. Related to perception of visual stimuli. 7. Separates the frontal from parietal lobes.

1. Pyramidal cells 2. Parietal lobe 3. Insula 4. Temporal lobe 5. Frontal lobe 6. Occipital lobe 7. Central sulcus

The collection of these neuronal cell bodies on the surface of the Central Nervous System is called blank 6. If a group of neuronal cell bodies is located deeper into the central nervous system, then it is called blank 7. The blank 8 is considered the largest nuclei in our brain. The blank 9 matter is composed of myelinated axons. Our cerebrum is composed of a right and left hemisphere which are connected to each other through a bundle of axons called blank 10.

6. Cortex 7. Nuclei 8. Thalamus 9. White 10. Corpus callosum

In health humans, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows in a specific direction due to:

A difference in pressure within the ventricles.

Match the correct cranial nerve number with its name on the right.

CN I - Olfactory nerve. Sensory CN II - Optic nerve. Sensory CN III - Oculomotor nerve. Motor CN IV - Trochlear nerve. Motor CN V - Trigeminal nerve. Both CN VI - Abducens nerve. Motor CN VII - Facial nerve. Both CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear nerve. Sensory CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve. Both CN X - Vagus nerve. Both CN XI - Accessory nerve. Motor CN XII - Hypoglossal nerve. Motor

Choose the best answer to define the functions of the cranial nerves. 11. Unilateral paralysis is the paralysis of one side of the tongue. In order to test this, a doctor may ask a patient to stick their tongue out. If there is nerve damage, the tongue will point toward the side that is paralyzed. The function of which nerve (number) is being tested? 12. Nerve involved in hearing (number). 13. Damage to the optic nerve impedes what kind of primary function? 14. This nerve takes sensory information directly to the brain without having to pass through the thalamus. 15. A branch of the trigeminal nerve that innervates the muscles of mastication.

11. CN XII 12. CN VIII 13. Sensory 14. Olfactory 15. Mandibular

Which cranial nerve has a cranial root and a spinal root?

Accessory Nerve - CN XI

Which area of the brain was damaged? 1. Anita is a professional dancer. Lately she has had trouble coordinating her movements. 2. Luis has trouble matching a face with a person.

1. Brainstem 2. Occipital lobe

Arrange the following layers in order from the outside to the inside of the brain. 1. Epicranial aponeurosis 2. Arachnoid mater 3. Scalp 4. Cranium 5. Dura mater 6. Periosteum 7. Pia mater

3, 1, 6, 4, 5, 2, 7

Choose the best answer to define the functions of the cranial nerves. 6. Which cranial nerve innervates the parotid salivary gland? 7. Shortest nerve of the body (number). 8. Damage to this nerve would not allow a person to look "down and laterally". 9. Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus are examples of what kind of nerves? Think FUNCTION! 10. This nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle.

6. Glossopharyngeal 7. CN IV 8. Trochlear 9. Both or Mixed 10. Abducens

True or False 6. Superior sagittal sinus which is located between the right and left cerebral hemisphere in the superior site 7. Medium and lateral aperture are openings that communicate with the subarachnoid space in the brain and in the spinal cord, the CSF produced in the choroid plexus of the ventricles leaves the ventricular system and bathe the entire surface of the central nervous system. 8. Lateral ventricles communicate with each other by the centrum pellucidum. 9. Choroid plexus is only present in ventricles 3 and 4 10. Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) is made by capillary endothelial cells surrounded by astrocytes. It allows nutrients to go in and nourish the brain tissue and allows CO2 and waste to get out of brain tissue. 11. BBB is also present in the choroid plexus.

6. True 7. True 8. False 9. False 10. True 11. False

Which of the following separates the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex?

Central sulcus

Blank 2 also called midbrain and it is related to extrinsic eyes movements

Mesencephalon